Host Range and Host Specificity of Sarcocystis

1981 ◽  
Vol 250 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
W. Frank ◽  
Ursula Häfner
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity

scholarly journals A Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1 Reveals a Type III Effector Repertoire Significantly Divergent from That of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalvo F. Almeida ◽  
Shuangchun Yan ◽  
Magdalen Lindeberg ◽  
David J. Studholme ◽  
David J. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Tomato Dc3000 ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Host Range Determination ◽  
Range Determination

Diverse gene products including phytotoxins, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and type III secreted effectors influence interactions between Pseudomonas syringae strains and plants, with additional yet uncharacterized factors likely contributing as well. Of particular interest are those interactions governing pathogen-host specificity. Comparative genomics of closely related pathogens with different host specificity represents an excellent approach for identification of genes contributing to host-range determination. A draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1, which is pathogenic on tomato but nonpathogenic on Arabidopsis thaliana, was obtained for this purpose and compared with the genome of the closely related A. thaliana and tomato model pathogen P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Although the overall genetic content of each of the two genomes appears to be highly similar, the repertoire of effectors was found to diverge significantly. Several P. syringae pv. tomato T1 effectors absent from strain DC3000 were confirmed to be translocated into plants, with the well-studied effector AvrRpt2 representing a likely candidate for host-range determination. However, the presence of avrRpt2 was not found sufficient to explain A. thaliana resistance to P. syringae pv. tomato T1, suggesting that other effectors and possibly type III secretion system–independent factors also play a role in this interaction.

Ecological release in lizard endoparasites from the Atlantic Forest, northeast of the Neotropical Region

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-500
Author(s):  
Adonias A. Martins Teixeira ◽  
Pablo Riul ◽  
Samuel Vieira Brito ◽  
João A. Araujo-Filho ◽  
Diêgo Alves Teles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Ecological Release ◽  
Parasite Richness

AbstractWe compared lizard endoparasite assemblages between the Atlantic Forest and naturally isolated forest enclaves to test the ecological release hypothesis, which predicts that host specificity should be lower (large niche breadth) and parasite abundance should be greater for parasites from isolated forest enclaves (poor assemblages) than for parasites from the coastal Atlantic Forest (rich assemblages). Parasite richness per specimen showed no difference between the isolated and non-isolated areas. Parasite abundance did not differ between the isolated and non-isolated areas but showed a positive relationship with parasite richness considering all areas (isolated and non-isolated). Furthermore, host specificity was positively related to parasite richness. Considering that host specificity is inversely proportional to the host range infected by a parasite, our results indicate that in assemblages with greater parasite richness, parasites tend to infect a smaller range of hosts than do those in simple assemblages. In summary, our study partially supports the ecological release hypothesis: in assemblages with greater parasite richness, lizard parasites from Atlantic Forest are able to increase their parasite abundance (per host), possibly through facilitated infection; however, the amplitude of infected hosts only expands in poor assemblages (lower parasite richness).

Host Range Alteration of the Bioherbicidal FungusAlternaria crassawith Fruit Pectin and Bant Filtrates

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Douglas Boyette ◽  
Hamed K. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Eastern Black Nightshade ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Greenhouse Tests

In greenhouse tests, the host specificity ofAlternaria crassa(Sacc.) Rands, a mycoherbicide for jimsonweed was altered by the addition of water-soluble filtrates of jimsonweed and hemp sesbania or fruit pectin to fungal conidia suspensions. Several crop and weed species that were resistant to the fungus alone exhibited various degrees of susceptibility following these amendments, with 100% mortality occurring to the weeds hemp sesbania, showy crotalaria, and eastern black nightshade when treated with the fungus/pectin mixture. Nonhost plants that were inoculated with conidial mixtures amended with sucrose or cellulose were not affected. Modification of host specificity of this pathogen could have an influence on its bioherbiddal potential

Multiple host-specificity loci of the broad host-range Rhizobium sp. NGR234 selected using the widely compatible legume Vigna unguiculata

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lewin ◽  
C. Rosenberg ◽  
z. A. H. Meyer ◽  
C. H. Wong ◽  
L. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Rhizobium Sp

scholarly journals Brazilian Peppertree Thrips Pseudophilothrips ichini (Hood) (Insecta: Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R Minteer ◽  
James P Cuda
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Limited Host Range

The Brazilian peppertree thrips, Pseudophilothrips ichini (Hood) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), is an insect native to Brazil (Figure 1). This species has been studied for the last 20+ years as a potential biological control agent of Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), in Florida (Cuda et al. 2008; Cuda et al. 2008; Manrique at al. 2014; Wheeler et al. 2016a, b). Host specificity experiments demonstrated that Pseudophilothrips ichini has a limited host range (Cuda et al. 2008; Cuda et al. 2009; Wheeler et al. 2017) and can cause a severe reduction of Brazilian peppertree biomass (Manrique at al. 2014).https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1270

PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF THE TRANSFER OF FOUR STRAINS OF DITYLENCHUS DIPSACI (KÜHN 1858) FILIPJEV 1936

1937 ◽  
Vol 15c (4) ◽  
pp. 168-174
Author(s):  
R. J. Hastings ◽  
Wm. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Limited Host Range ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Test Plants

The bulb and stem nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, attacks narcissus, iris, red clover and strawberry in the Pacific Northwest. The isolations from each of these important crops are herein described as strains.Preliminary studies of the transfer of these strains establish the existence of three strains of D. dipsaci in the Pacific Northwest, viz.:(i) Red clover strain; characterized by causing swollen crowns and stunt in red clover seedlings.(ii) Strawberry strain; characterized by a limited host range, swollen crowns in strawberry seedlings, and entrance into red clover seedlings without visible tissue reactions.(iii) Narcissus and iris strain; characterized by a wide host range and entrance into clover and strawberry seedlings without visible tissue reactions.No satisfactory technique of establishing the host range of the biological strains of D. dipsaci has been developed. The clamping of glass rings filled with a nematode suspension in moist pulverized peat to the foliage of test plants did not affect the test plants in a constant manner. The examination of seedlings after clarification in a lacto-phenol solution containing acid fuchsin gave more constant results. The seedlings were removed from infested soil shortly after they appeared above ground.The reports of host specificity of the red clover strain were not confirmed, for the red clover strain entered white clover and alfalfa, hitherto considered resistant. Likewise, the reports of host specificity of the narcissus strain were not supported by our experimental results. The narcissus strain entered red clover and oats, also considered resistant hitherto.

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