Relative contribution of trunk muscles to the stability of the lumbar spine during isometric exertions

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Cholewicki ◽  
James J. VanVliet IV
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
The Stability

Importance of the Intersegmental Trunk Muscles for the Stability of the Lumbar Spine

Spine ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 1937-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Quint ◽  
Hans-Joachim Wilke ◽  
Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl ◽  
Mohamad Pamianpour ◽  
Franz Löer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Pedicle Screws Loosening in Patients With Degenerative Diseases of the Lumbar Spine: Potential Risk Factors and Relative Contribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Bokov ◽  
Anatoliy Bulkin ◽  
Alexander Aleynik ◽  
Marina Kutlaeva ◽  
Sergey Mlyavykh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Change in Regional Activity of the Quadratus Lumborum During Bridge Exercises

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tomoki Oshikawa ◽  
Gen Adachi ◽  
Hiroshi Akuzawa ◽  
Yu Okubo ◽  
Koji Kaneoka
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Quadratus Lumborum ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Measurement Design

Context: The quadratus lumborum (QL) is expected to contribute to segmental motor control of the lumbar spine to prevent low back pain. It has different layers (anterior [QL-a] and posterior [QL-p] layers), whose functional differences are becoming apparent. However, the difference between the QL-a and QL-p activities during bridge exercises utilized in rehabilitation is unclear. Objective: To compare QL-a and QL-p activities during bridge exercises. Design: Repeated-measurement design was used to assess electromyographic activity of trunk muscles recorded during 14 types of bridge exercises. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: A total of 13 healthy men with no history of lumbar spine disorders participated. Intervention: The participants performed 14 types of bridge exercises (3, 3, and 8 types of side bridge, back bridge, and front bridge [FB], respectively). Main Outcome Measures: Fine-wire electromyography was used for QL-a and QL-p activity measurements during bridge exercises. Results: Both QL-a and QL-p showed the highest activity during the side bridge with hip abduction  (47.3% [29.5%] and 43.0% [32.9%] maximal voluntary isometric contraction, respectively). The activity of the QL-a was significantly higher than that of the QL-p during back bridge with ipsilateral leg lift and FB elbow–toe with ipsilateral arm and contralateral leg lift (P < .05). With regard to the QL-p, the activity of the FB hand–knee with contralateral arm and ipsilateral leg lift, the FB elbow–knee with contralateral arm and ipsilateral leg lift, and the FB elbow–toe with contralateral arm and ipsilateral leg lift were significantly higher than that of the FB elbow–knee and FB elbow–toe (P < .05). Conclusion: This study indicates different regional activities; the QL-a activated during the back bridge with ipsilateral leg lift and FB with ipsilateral arm lift, and the QL-p activated during the FB with ipsilateral leg lift. These results have implications for the rehabilitation of low back pain or lumbar scoliosis patients based on QL recruitment.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Usefulness of Money for Policy in the Philippines

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Socorro Gochoco-Bautista
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Forecast Errors ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Limited Support ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Definition Of

This study assesses the usefulness of money for policy in the Philippines. The basic idea behind the use of monetary aggregates for policy is that observed fluctuations in money anticipate movements in the ultimate objective of monetary policy, such as inflation control. The paper examines the stability of key empirical relationships, including the behavior of velocity and the presence of cointegrating relationships among money and variables of interest to policymakers. In general, results indicate that the stability of velocity and the presence of cointegrating relationships lend some limited support to the potential usefulness of money for policy. The ability of money to predict inflation is examined using Granger causality tests and an unrestricted vector autoregression (VAR) that examines the relative contribution of innovations in money to the variance of the forecast errors in inflation. In general, money's ability to predict inflation is less clear-cut and seems to be dependent on the ordering and lag lengths of the variables used in the VAR and the definition of money used.

A Frontal Plane Model of the Lumbar Spine Subjected to a Follower Load: Implications for the Role of Muscles

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash G. Patwardhan ◽  
Kevin P. Meade ◽  
Brian Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Internal Force ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Follower Load ◽  
Load Path ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Compressive Loads ◽  
Spine Model

Compression on the lumbar spine is 1000 N for standing and walking and is higher during lifting. Ex vivo experiments show it buckles under a vertical load of 80–100 N. Conversely, the whole lumbar spine can support physiologic compressive loads without large displacements when the load is applied along a follower path that approximates the tangent to the curve of the lumbar spine. This study utilized a two-dimensional beam–column model of the lumbar spine in the frontal plane under gravitational and active muscle loads to address the following question: Can trunk muscle activation cause the path of the internal force resultant to approximate the tangent to the spinal curve and allow the lumbar spine to support compressive loads of physiologic magnitudes? The study identified muscle activation patterns that maintained the lumbar spine model under compressive follower load, resulting in the minimization of internal shear forces and bending moments simultaneously at all lumbar levels. The internal force resultant was compressive, and the lumbar spine model, loaded in compression along the follower load path, supported compressive loads of physiologic magnitudes with minimal change in curvature in the frontal plane. Trunk muscles may coactivate to generate a follower load path and allow the ligamentous lumbar spine to support physiologic compressive loads.

scholarly journals Changes in intra-abdominal pressure during postural and respiratory activation of the human diaphragm

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Hodges ◽  
Simon C. Gandevia
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Limb Movement ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Repetitive Movement ◽  
The Stability

In humans, when the stability of the trunk is challenged in a controlled manner by repetitive movement of a limb, activity of the diaphragm becomes tonic but is also modulated at the frequency of limb movement. In addition, the tonic activity is modulated by respiration. This study investigated the mechanical output of these components of diaphragm activity. Recordings were made of costal diaphragm, abdominal, and erector spinae muscle electromyographic activity; intra-abdominal, intrathoracic, and transdiaphragmatic pressures; and motion of the rib cage, abdomen, and arm. During limb movement the diaphragm and transversus abdominis were tonically active with added phasic modulation at the frequencies of both respiration and limb movement. Activity of the other trunk muscles was not modulated by respiration. Intra-abdominal pressure was increased during the period of limb movement in proportion to the reactive forces from the movement. These results show that coactivation of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles causes a sustained increase in intra-abdominal pressure, whereas inspiration and expiration are controlled by opposing activity of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles to vary the shape of the pressurized abdominal cavity.

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