Renal Function Recovery in End-Stage Renal Disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Pichette ◽  
Serge Quérin ◽  
Marie Desmeules ◽  
Jean Ethier ◽  
Pauline Copleston
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Renal Function Recovery ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous and Intraperitoneal Cefotaxime in Patients Undergoing CAPD

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Matousovic ◽  
Josef Moravek Stefan ◽  
Vitko Vladimir Prat ◽  
Milena Horcickova
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Severe Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Dialysis Solutions

We investigated the pharmacokinetics of non-metabolized cefotaxime in 10 patients undergoing CAPD. The elimination half-life after IV administration of I g cefotaxime was 3.1 ± 1.3 hr, i.e. two to three times longer than in individuals with normal renal function but similar to patients with severe renal insufficiency. An average of 2.18% of the dose was recovered in the effluent. The halflife of I g cefotaxime administered in the dialysis solutions was 1.4 ± 0.8 hr. This difference between the half-lives after intraperitoneal and intravenous administration indicates a faster transport through the peritoneal membrane. Intraperitoneally administered cefotaxime -250 mg four times daily, was effective in the treatment of peritonitis in three CAPD patients. Since its introduction in 1976, CAPD has become an effective therapy for end-stage renal disease. The most serious complication is peritonitis and effective treatment is essential. Cefotaxime, a new broad-spectrurn cephalosporin, is active against most gramnegative and gram-positive organisms. It possesses no nephrotoxicity and may be useful in the treatment of peritonitis and other infections in patients on CAPD. This study was done to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime administered intravenously and intraperitoneally during CAPD.

Elective Surgery in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease: What's the Risk?

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 790-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Schneider ◽  
William Cobb ◽  
Shivani Patel ◽  
David Cull ◽  
Cass Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Little research has been performed in regards to the morbidity and outcomes associated with elective general surgery performed on patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). With minimal data about the severity of disease in these patients, we sought to quantify the differences in the ESRD patient undergoing elective surgical procedures compared with matched controls. A review of all ESRD patients undergoing elective surgical procedures at a University Medical Center between 2001 and 2005 was performed. Outcomes included length of hospital stay, 1 year morbidity, and mortality. These patients were then compared with a control group with normal renal function matched 2:1. Fifty-two consecutive ESRD patients undergoing elective general surgery procedures were compared with 104 matched controls. The ESRD group experienced more complications (25 vs 16, P = 0.05) and had a larger number of overall complications compared with the controls (33 vs 19, P < 0.05). Length of stay was significantly longer in the ESRD group as well (8 vs 2.65 days, P < 0.0001). Incidence of death (4%) in the ESRD group was increased as well. Patients with ESRD require longer hospital stays and have an increased overall incidence and frequency of complications than patients with normal renal function undergoing elective general surgery procedures. The significantly increased morbidity should be considered when evaluating expected outcomes.

scholarly journals Segmental Abnormalities of White Matter Microstructure in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: An Automated Fiber Quantification Tractography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Jiang ◽  
Yangyingqiu Liu ◽  
Bingbing Gao ◽  
Yiwei Che ◽  
Liangjie Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Background and Purpose: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) results in extensive white matter abnormalities, but the specific damage segment cannot be identified. This study aimed to determine the segmental abnormalities of white matter microstructure in ESRD and its relationship with cognitive and renal function indicators.Methods: Eighteen ESRD patients and 19 healthy controls (HCs) were prospectively recruited. All participants underwent DTI and clinical assessments. Automatic fiber quantification (AFQ) was applied to generate bundle profiles along 16 main white matter tracts. We compared the DTI parameters between groups. Besides, we used partial correlation and multiple linear regression analyses to explore the associations between white matter integrity and cognitive performance as well as renal function indicators.Results: In the global tract level, compared to HCs, ESRD patients had greater MD, AD, and RD values and lower FA value in several fibers (P &lt; 0.05, FDR correction). In the point-wise level, extensive damage existed in specific locations of different fiber tracts, particularly in the left hemisphere (P &lt; 0.05, FDR correction). Among these tracts, the mean AD values of the left cingulum cingulate correlated negatively with MoCA score. Urea and UA level were independent predictors of the AD value of superior component of the left corticospinal. Besides, urea level was the independent predictors of mean MD value of left anterior thalamic radiation (ATR).Conclusion: White matter fiber tract damage in ESRD patients may be characterized by abnormalities in its specific location, especially in the left hemisphere. Aberrational specific located fibers were related to cognitive impairment and renal dysfunction.

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