The relationship between pupil diameter and pain by the administration of morphine and antidepressant drugs in mice

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aytül Önal ◽  
Işik Tuğlular
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Antidepressants and Circadian Rhythm: Exploring Their Bidirectional Interaction for the Treatment of Depression

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1975
Author(s):  
Soraia Silva ◽  
Joana Bicker ◽  
Amílcar Falcão ◽  
Ana Fortuna
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Drug Dosing ◽  
Signaling Systems ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
The Relationship

Scientific evidence that circadian rhythms affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics has highlighted the importance of drug dosing-time. Circadian oscillations alter drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) as well as intracellular signaling systems, target molecules (e.g., receptors, transporters, and enzymes), and gene transcription. Although several antidepressant drugs are clinically available, less than 50% of depressed patients respond to first-line pharmacological treatments. Chronotherapeutic approaches to enhance the effectiveness of antidepressants are not completely known. Even so, experimental results found until this day suggest a positive influence of drug dosing-time on the efficacy of depression therapy. On the other hand, antidepressants have also demonstrated to modulate circadian rhythmicity and sleep–wake cycles. This review aims to evidence the potential of chronotherapy to improve the efficacy and/or safety of antidepressants. It includes pre-clinical and clinical studies that demonstrate the relevance of determining the most appropriate time of administration for antidepressant drugs. In parallel, their positive influence on the resynchronization of disrupted circadian rhythms is also herein discussed. It is expected that this review will promote the investigation of chronotherapy for the treatment of depression, contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between antidepressants and circadian rhythms, and consequently promote the development of new therapeutics.

Secondary sexual dysfunction with antidepressant treatment: Study on 50 patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S591-S591
Author(s):  
O.W. Muquebil Ali Al Shaban Rodriguez ◽  
S. Ocio León ◽  
M. Gómez Simón ◽  
M.J. Hernández González ◽  
E. Álvarez de Morales Gómez-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Sexual Side Effects ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transversal Study

IntroductionThe side effects of the various antidepressant drugs on the sexual field (with very few exceptions) are well known, and they affect the quality of life in important manners. The incidence rate, communicated spontaneously by the patient, has been estimated around 10–15%, and can reach amounts of 50–60% with SSRIs when studied specifically. It has been suggested that these effects compromise treatment adherence.ObjectivesTo estimate the incidence and intensity of the side effects on the sexual field with different antidepressants, as well as its relationship with treatment adherence.MethodologyTransversal study on 50 patients assisted in medical consultation. Collection of data in office (October 2014–October 2015).Administration of survey PRSexDQ-SALSEX. In order to research the relationship with treatment adherence, one question surveyed the patient whether he/she had thought about finishing treatment for this reason.ResultsTwenty-nine patients (58% of the sample) presented some degree of sexual dysfunction. Five individuals (17.2%) communicated it spontaneously. Nine individuals (31%) responded that they did not accept positively the changes in their sexual field, and they had thought about withdrawing treatment for this reason. They were given the test of self-compliance statement (Haynes-Sackett), with a result of four non-compliant (44.4%). The most frequently involved drugs were fluoxetine (n = 5, 10% of the sample total) and paroxetine (n = 4, 8%).ConclusionsThe high impact of sexual side effects with a low rate of spontaneous communication coincides with previous existent studies.Limitation when estimating adhesion due to methodological difficulties in the design of the study. However, high impression by using the selected method of determination.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The relationship between pupil diameter and decentration in myopia

Eye ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Nuzzi ◽  
C Finazzo ◽  
L Francone
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Pupil Diameter Data and Confidence in Multi-Stage Decisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Shirin Vafaei ◽  
Reza Ebrahimpour ◽  
Sajjad Zabbah ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The relationship between pupil diameter and other measures of opioid withdrawal during naloxone precipitated withdrawal

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Cecilia L. Bergeria ◽  
Andrew S. Huhn ◽  
D. Andrew Tompkins ◽  
George E. Bigelow ◽  
Eric C. Strain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Opioid Withdrawal ◽  
Precipitated Withdrawal ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Assessing the relationship between pupil diameter and visuocortical activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina N. Thigpen ◽  
Margaret M. Bradley ◽  
Andreas Keil
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Identification of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder based on the complexity and symmetricity of pupil diameter

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sou Nobukawa ◽  
Aya Shirama ◽  
Tetsuya Takahashi ◽  
Toshinobu Takeda ◽  
Haruhisa Ohta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAdult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently leads to psychological/social dysfunction if unaddressed. Identifying a reliable biomarker would assist the diagnosis of adult ADHD and ensure that adults with ADHD receive treatment. Pupil diameter can reflect inherent neural activity and deficits of attention or arousal characteristic of ADHD. Furthermore, distinct profiles of the complexity and symmetricity of neural activity are associated with some psychiatric disorders. We hypothesized that analysing the relationship between the size, complexity of temporal patterns, and asymmetricity of pupil diameters will help characterize the nervous systems of adults with ADHD and that an identification method combining these features would ease the diagnosis of adult ADHD. To validate this hypothesis, we evaluated the resting state hippus in adult participants with or without ADHD by examining the pupil diameter and its temporal complexity using sample entropy and the asymmetricity of the left and right pupils using transfer entropy. We found that large pupil diameters and low temporal complexity and symmetry were associated with ADHD. Moreover, the combination of these factors by the classifier enhanced the accuracy of ADHD identification. These findings may contribute to the development of tools to diagnose adult ADHD.

scholarly journals Inter-and intra-individual coupling between pupillary, electrophysiological, and behavioral responses in a visual oddball task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara LoTemplio ◽  
Jack Silcox ◽  
Brennan Payne ◽  
Kara D. Federmeier
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Pupil Dilation ◽  
Pupillary Dilation ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Control Center ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Visual Oddball ◽  
Phasic Activation

Although the P3b component of the event-related brain potential is one of the most widely-studied components, its underlying generators are not currently well understood. Recent theories have suggested that the P3b is triggered by phasic activation of the locus-coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE) system, an important control center implicated in facilitating optimal task-relevant behavior. Previous research has reported strong correlations between pupil dilation and LC activity, suggesting that pupil diameter is a useful indicator for ongoing LC-NE activity. Given the strong relationship between LC activity and pupil dilation, if the P3b is driven by phasic LC activity, there should be a robust trial-to-trial relationship with the phasic pupillary dilation response (PDR). However, previous work examining relationships between concurrently recorded pupillary and P3b responses has not supported this. One possibility is that the relationship between the measures might be carried primarily by either inter-individual (i.e., between-participant) or intra-individual (i.e., within-participant) contributions to coupling, and prior work has not systematically delineated these relationships. Doing so in the current study, we do not find evidence for either inter-individual or intra-individual relationships between the PDR and P3b responses. However, baseline pupil dilation did predict the P3b. Interestingly, both the PDR and P3b independently predicted inter-individual and intra-individual variability in decision response time. Implications for the LC-P3b hypothesis are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document