Impact of respiratory movement on the computed tomographic images of small lung tumors in three-dimensional (3D) radiotherapy

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1127-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Shimizu ◽  
Hiroki Shirato ◽  
Kenji Kagei ◽  
Takeshi Nishioka ◽  
Xo Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Respiratory Movement ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
3D Radiotherapy

scholarly journals Airflow inside the nasal cavity: visualization using computational fluid dynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Zubair ◽  
Vizy Nazira Riazuddin ◽  
Mohammed Zulkifly Abdullah ◽  
Rushdan Ismail ◽  
Ibrahim Lutfi Shuaib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Continuity Equations ◽  
Cfd Method

Abstract Background: It is of clinical importance to examine the nasal cavity pre-operatively on surgical treatments. However, there is no simple and easy way to measure airflow in the nasal cavity. Objectives: Visualize the flow features inside the nasal cavity using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, and study the effect of different breathing rates on nasal function. Method: A three-dimensional nasal cavity model was reconstructed based on computed tomographic images of a healthy Malaysian adult nose. Navier-Stokes and continuity equations for steady airflow were solved numerically to examine the inspiratory nasal flow. Results: The flow resistance obtained varied from 0.026 to 0.124 Pa.s/mL at flow-rate from 7.5 L/min to 40 L/min. Flow rates by breathing had significant influence on airflow velocity and wall shear-stress in the vestibule and nasal valve region. Conclusion: Airflow simulations based on CFD is most useful for better understanding of flow phenomenon inside the nasal cavity.

Three-dimensional Computed Tomographic Cranial Base Measurements for Improvement of Surgical Approaches to the Petrous Carotid Artery and Apex Regions

Neurosurgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan T. Villavicencio ◽  
Jean-Christophe Leveque ◽  
Ketan R. Bulsara ◽  
Allan H. Friedman ◽  
Linda Gray
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Petrous Apex ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Preoperative Information

Abstract OBJECTIVE The bony and vascular anatomic features in the region of the petrous apex can vary significantly. These variations affect the operative view obtained via extended subtemporal or anterior transpetrosal approaches to cranial base lesions for individual patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate three-dimensional computed tomography as a means of obtaining detailed preoperative anatomic information regarding bony and vascular landmarks and spatial relationships in the region of the petrous carotid artery and petrous apex. METHODS We radiographically studied 15 patients (30 sides), using 0.8- to 1-mm-thick, reconstructed, computed tomographic images. Special attention was given to the course of the petrous carotid artery. RESULTS The petrous carotid artery was located lateral to the trigeminal impression. The size of the petrous apex medial to the horizontal petrous carotid artery was observed to be variable. The width of bone from the trigeminal impression to the wall of the internal auditory canal averaged 9.6 mm (range, 5.2–16.1 mm). A variable amount of bone overlying the internal auditory canal (4.5 mm) was also present. Multiple other relationships among key landmarks were quantified. CONCLUSION There is significant variability in the anatomic features of the petrous apex among patients. For each patient, detailed preoperative information regarding the amount of bone to be removed during a cranial base procedure can be obtained using three-dimensional computed tomography. This information may be critical for determination of the amount of extra exposure that can be achieved via an anterior petrosectomy for each patient.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mandibular volume classified by vertical skeletal dimensions with cone-beam computed tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatoshi Nakawaki ◽  
Tetsutaro Yamaguchi ◽  
Daisuke Tomita ◽  
Yu Hikita ◽  
Mohamed Adel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Lateral Cephalometry

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the relationship between anteroposterior and vertical differences in maxillofacial morphology and mandibular volume. Materials and Methods: Subjects comprised 213 Japanese adults (84 males and 129 females) who were divided into three groups based on mandibular basal arch (ANB) and Wits, measured in a cephalometric analysis: Class I (−1° ≤ ANB < 4°,−1 mm ≤ Wits < 0 mm), Class II (ANB ≥ 4°, Wits ≥ 0), and Class III (ANB <−1°, Wits <−1 mm). Subjects were also divided into three groups based on the mandibular plane angle (Mp), as follows: hypodivergent (Mp < 23°), normodivergent (Mp  =  23–30°), and hyperdivergent (Mp > 30°) groups. Mandibular volume was measured from cone-beam computed tomographic images that were analyzed using Analyze™ image processing software and compared among the three groups in each classification. Results: No significant differences were noted in mandibular volume among Classes I, II, and III. An inverse relationship was found between mandibular volume and Mp, and a significant difference was noted in mandibular volume between the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups. Conclusions: In addition to two-dimensional analysis, such as lateral cephalometry, three-dimensional information such as volume, provided by cone-beam computed tomography, contributes to a more detailed assessment of maxillofacial morphology.

Stature estimation in Japanese cadavers based on pelvic measurements in three-dimensional multidetector computed tomographic images

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suguru Torimitsu ◽  
Yohsuke Makino ◽  
Hisako Saitoh ◽  
Ayaka Sakuma ◽  
Namiko Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stature Estimation ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic

Computed Tomographic Analysis of Ventral Atlantoaxial Optimal Safe Implantation Corridors in 27 Dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 413-423
Author(s):  
Guillaume Leblond ◽  
Luis Gaitero ◽  
Noel Moens ◽  
Alex zur Linden ◽  
Fiona James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Atlantoaxial Instability ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Anatomical Data ◽  
Atlantoaxial Stabilization ◽  
Surgical Guidelines

Abstract Objectives Ventral atlantoaxial stabilization techniques are challenging surgical procedures in dogs. Available surgical guidelines are based upon subjective anatomical landmarks, and limited radiographic and computed tomographic data. The aims of this study were (1) to provide detailed anatomical descriptions of atlantoaxial optimal safe implantation corridors to generate objective recommendations for optimal implant placements and (2) to compare anatomical data obtained in non-affected Toy breed dogs, affected Toy breed dogs suffering from atlantoaxial instability and non-affected Beagle dogs. Methods Anatomical data were collected from a prospectively recruited population of 27 dogs using a previously validated method of optimal safe implantation corridor analysis using computed tomographic images. Results Optimal implant positions and three-dimensional numerical data were generated successfully in all cases. Anatomical landmarks could be used to generate objective definitions of optimal insertion points which were applicable across all three groups. Overall the geometrical distribution of all implant sites was similar in all three groups with a few exceptions. Clinical Significance This study provides extensive anatomical data available to facilitate surgical planning of implant placement for atlantoaxial stabilization. Our data suggest that non-affected Toy breed dogs and non-affected Beagle dogs constitute reasonable research models to study atlantoaxial stabilization constructs.

A case of Tessier number 7 cleft with severe micrognathia: prenatal sonographic and three-dimensional helical computed tomographic images

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Asai ◽  
Mamoru Tanaka ◽  
Kei Miyakoshi ◽  
Seon Hye Kim ◽  
Kazuhiro Minegishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic
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