Assimilation und Kohlenstoffhaushalt in der Krone von Fichten- ( Picea excelsa L ink ) und Rotbuchenbäumen ( Fagus silvatica L.)

1954 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Pisek ◽  
Walter Tranquillini
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Silvatica ◽  
Picea Excelsa

Analysis of variations in and correlations between selected physical parameters of common beech (Fagus silvatica L.) nuts

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Kaliniewicz ◽  
Piotr Markowski ◽  
Andrzej Anders ◽  
Paweł Tylek ◽  
Zbigniew Krzysiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Common Beech ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fagus Silvatica ◽  
Highly Correlated

The basic dimensions and the mass of common beech nuts and seeds from five nut batches, harvested from tree stands in northern Poland, were determined. Environmental conditions had a greater influence on seed plumpness than the age of tree stands. The results of measurements were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Despite differences in their plumpness, nuts were characterized by nearly identical cross-sections which resembled an equilateral triangle. The thickness of nuts and seeds was highly correlated with their mass, and this information can facilitate seed husking and separation into mass categories. Before and after husking, seeds should be separated with the use of a mesh screen with longitudinal openings. Medium-sized (most numerous) seeds were separated into the following plumpness categories using a screen separator with ≠6 mm and ≠7 mm openings: 84% of moderately plump seeds, 3% of seeds with reduced plumpness, and 13% of plump seeds.

Influence of the Position of Ignition Source on the Raw Materials Used to Produce Biofuel in Form of Wood Pellets

2014 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
Jozef Horváth ◽  
Karol Balog ◽  
Tomáš Chrebet
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Beech Wood ◽  
Ignition Source ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Picea Excelsa

The aim of present work is monitoring thermal decomposition tested samples depending on distance of ignition source, subsequent generation of flame and flameless combustion. Tested samples are used to produce biofuel in form of pellets, which can be made of spruce wood (Picea excelsa, L.) and beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) and have a direct effect on the properties of these pellets. Measurements are carried out according to standard STN ISO 871:2010 Determination of ignition temperature using a hot-air furnace. External ignition source (electrically heated spiral of the wire canthal) is used to analyze different conditions of test samples. Distance between external ignition source and tested samples is 10, 50 and 90 mm. The experiments are performed at an air flow rate 38, 25, 12,5 and 0 mm.s-1. The results show the rate of loss of weight and the flow rates of the material of the test samples at the different test conditions.

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