PHYSIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ANOMALOUS AORTIC ORIGIN OF CORONARY ARTERIES AND MYOCARDIAL BRIDGES

This study evaluated the distribution and possible variations of the coronary arteries and the presence of myocardial bridges in dairy cattle from Northeastern Brazil. Thus, healthy hearts were analyzed according to many variables. Left coronary artery originate the rami paraconalis, circumflexus et subsinuosus. Ramus subsinuosus and right coronary artery showed a short subepicardial path. Lengths of the main branches showed statistical differences only in relation to age group and weight of the animal. Myocardial bridges had a prevalence of 55% and were more frequent over the ramus paraconalis. Veterinary medicine is able to provide experimental models to expand the necessary study to understand pathophysiology and clinical relevance of the bridges.

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Catheter-based anatomic and functional assessment of coronary arteries in anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery, myocardial bridges and Kawasaki disease

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

10.1111/chd.12500 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 615-618 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Athar M. Qureshi ◽

Hitesh Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Kawasaki Disease ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Functional Assessment ◽

Myocardial Bridges

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Hair pin bends of epicardial coronary arteries - a unique feature in multiple myocardial bridges

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v10i3.1460 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 2250-2254

Author(s):

Mohandas G.V ◽

Sitansu k.Panda

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Unique Feature ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Myocardial Bridging ◽

Myocardial Bridge ◽

Anatomical Variant ◽

Myocardial Bridges ◽

Artery Disease

Myocardial bridge(MB) is an anatomical variant. Sometimes MB can cause compression over the coronary arteries and causes ischemic heart diseases.MB associated with bends of coronary arteries double the risk of coronary artery disease. So the present study aimed to find out the incidence of bends of the coronary artery along with the myocardial bridging. 100 heart specimens were obtained from routine dissection conducted for undergraduate students in the department of Anatomy IMS & SUM Hospital Bhubaneswar. After the simple dissecting procedure, epicardial coronary arteries, their branches and myocardial bridges and hairpin bends of coronary arteries were observed. Myocardial bridges present 41 (41%) over Left anterior descending artery(LAD) only.Among 41 hearts single myocardial bridge present in 37((90.25%) hearts, double myocardial bridge were present in 3((7.31%) hearts and triple myocardial bridges present in only one heart(2.44%). Hairpin bends of the coronary artery were present in double and triple myocardial bridged hearts only. No hairpin bends of the coronary artery was observed in the single myocardial bridge. Hair pin bends of the coronary arteries are the unique features of the myocardial bridges in multiple myocardial bridges, i.e. double and triple myocardial bridges. However, hairpin bends of coronary arteries were absent in single myocardial bridged hearts.

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Influence of the myocardial bridging phenomenon on the myocardial structure and the coronary arteries wall structure changes

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0602148t ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 148-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jelena Tomanovic-Kokovic ◽

Gordana Teofilovski-Parapid ◽

Mirjana Oklobdzija ◽

Vladimir Kanjuh ◽

Slobodan Kovacevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Arteries ◽

Wall Structure ◽

Coronary Perfusion ◽

Myocardial Bridging ◽

Myocardial Bridge ◽

Myocardial Bridges ◽

Cyclic Compression ◽

Coronary Wall ◽

Structure Changes ◽

Myocardial Structure

Background/Aim. Our research was performed to evaluate the influences of the myocardial bridging of coronary arteries on the myocardial and coronary arteries wall structure changes, that could be a reason for multiple heart malfunctions. Methods. We analyzed the autopsy material, collected during a five-years period, and especially the group of 575 cases with the major aim to diagnose mors naturalis. In all cases with the presence of myocardial bridge over the arterial coronary wall revealed at autopsy, samples were taken for microscopic verification and examination. Results. We found myocardial bridges over the coronary arteries or their major branches in 27 of the cases (4.70%). We believe that myocardial bridges compromise coronary perfusion by cyclic compression of the overbridged vessels, and that it could be the initial factor in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerotic degeneration processes on the coronary artery wall. We found different grades of arteriosclerotic changes in 88.89% of the cases, as well as fibrosis of myocardium in 88.89% and lipomatosis in 66.67% of the cases with the present myocardial bridges. Conclusion. Our results suggested that myocardial bridging of coronary arteries and/or their branches was the pathological and even lethal phenomenon that deserves more intensive clinical evaluation.

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Macroanatomical Investigation of Arteria Coronaria and Myocardial Bridges in Tuj and Hemshin Sheep

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-1142 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ýftar Gürbüz ◽

Gürsoy Aksoy

Keyword(s):

Coronary Arteries ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Myocardial Bridges ◽

Study Material ◽

Corrosion Cast

In the study, it was aimed that the macroanatomic features of the coronary arteries and myocardial bridges were investigated in Tuj and Hemshin sheep. 10 hearts of male Tuj sheep and 10 hearts of male Hemshin sheep were used as the study material. It was applied the latex injection and corrosion cast techniques. It was observed that the hearts were vascularized by arteria (a.) coronaria dextra and a. coronaria sinistra. A. coronaria sinistra was dominant in 8 Tuj and 9 Hemshin sheep, a. coronaria dextra was dominant in 2 Tuj and 1 Hemshin sheep. The r. interventricularis subsinuosus was formed by ramus (r.) circumflexus sinister in 8 Tuj and 9 Hemshin sheep, by r. circumflexus dexter in 1 Tuj sheep, and by r. proximalis atrii dextri in 1 Tuj and 1 Hemshin sheep. There were myocardial bridges on the r. interventricularis paraconalis in all of the hearts. There was a statistical difference in the length of the myocardial bridges on the sulcus interventricularis paraconalis between the hearts of Tuj and Hemshin sheep (P less than 0.05).

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Myocardial bridges of the coronary arteries in the human fetal heart

Anatomical Science International ◽

10.1007/s12565-009-0069-3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 140-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yusuf Özgür Cakmak ◽

Safiye Cavdar ◽

Aymelek Yalın ◽

Nuran Yener ◽

Omer Ozdogmus

Keyword(s):

Coronary Arteries ◽

Fetal Heart ◽

Myocardial Bridges ◽

Human Fetal Heart

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Myocardial bridging in the course of coronary arteries and its clinical significance

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i6.29989 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 58-62

Author(s):

Gunjan Rai ◽

Soumya Khanna ◽

Royana Singh

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Sudden Death ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Myocardial Bridging ◽

Myocardial Bridge ◽

Diagonal Branch ◽

Myocardial Bridges ◽

Coronary Arterial Disease ◽

Congenital Coronary Artery Anomalies

Background: Sudden death in young adults in absence of any risk factor related to coronary arterial disease has been reported. It could be because of some unrecognized congenital coronary artery anomalies like myocardial bridging. The clinician should keep myocardial bridging as a differential diagnosis in cases of sudden death in young individuals having no risk factors of coronary artery diseases. Aims and Objective: The present study was conducted to know the prevalence of myocardial bridge and percentage of distribution of myocardial bridges in the course of different coronary arteries of cadaveric hearts. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, IMS, BHU Varanasi. Total numbers of 49 formalin preserved hearts were taken for the study. The hearts were meticulously dissected to see the distribution and location of myocardial bridge. Coronary arteries with myocardial bridge were photographed and data was statistically analyzed.Out of 49 hearts, 26(53.06%) showed myocardial bridging. Total numbers of bridges were found to be 34 in number. Among the 26 myocardial bridged hearts 8 hearts (30.76%) showed double myocardial bridges and 18 hearts (69.23%) showed single myocardial bridges. In hearts with double myocardial bridging, 5 of them showed myocardial bridging in the territory of both anterior interventricular artery (AIVA) and posterior interventricular artery (PIVA) and 3 showed bridging in the territory of anterior interventricular artery and its diagonal branch. Among the18 single myocardial bridging 16 were in the course of anterior interventricular artery and two showed myocardial bridging in one of the diagonal branch of AIVA. There were 24 myocardial bridges in the course of AIVA, 16 as a part of single myocardial bridged hearts and 8 as a part of double myocardial bridged heart with the percentage of distribution were 2 (8.33%)in the proximal 1/3rd,18(75%)were in middle 1/3rd and 4(16.66%) were in distal 1/3rd. Conclusion: Due to the presence of high percentage of reported myocardial bridges in cadaveric hearts, the clinicians should always screen the young individuals and athletes having myocardial ischemia for the myocardial bridges along with other etiological factors.

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