scholarly journals Leukocyte Infiltration, Neuronal Degeneration, and Neurite Outgrowth after Ablation of Scar-Forming, Reactive Astrocytes in Adult Transgenic Mice

Neuron ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby G Bush ◽  
Narman Puvanachandra ◽  
Catherine H Horner ◽  
Anabella Polito ◽  
Thor Ostenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes ◽  
Leukocyte Infiltration

scholarly journals Leukocyte Infiltration, But Not Neurodegeneration, in the CNS of Transgenic Mice with Astrocyte Production of the CXC Chemokine Ligand 10

2002 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 1505-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaan Boztug ◽  
Monica J. Carson ◽  
Ngan Pham-Mitchell ◽  
Valérie C. Asensio ◽  
Julie DeMartino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Leukocyte Infiltration ◽  
Cxc Chemokine ◽  
Chemokine Ligand

scholarly journals Role of laminin bioavailability in the astroglial permissivity for neuritic outgrowth

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCIENNE TARDY
Keyword(s):  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Glial Scar ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Morphological Response ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Neuritic Outgrowth

The mechanisms involved in the failure of an adult brain to regenerate post-lesion remain poorly understood. The reactive gliosis which occurs after an injury to the CNS and leads to the glial scar has been considered as one of the major impediments to neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration. A glial scar consists mainly of reactive, hypertrophic astrocytes. These reactive cells acquire new properties, leading to A non-permissive support for neurons. Astrogial reactivity is mainly characteriized by a high overexpression of the major component of the gliofilaments, the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). This GFAP overexpression is related to the astroglial morphological response to injury. We hypothesized that modulation of GFAP synthesis, reversing the hypertrophic phenotype, might also reverse the blockage of neuritic outgrowth observed after a lesion. In this article, we review findings of our group, confirming our hypothesis in a model of lesioned neuron-astrocyte cocultures. We demonstrate that permissivity for neuritic outgrowth is related to phenotypic changes induced in reactive astrocytes transfected by antisense GFAP-mRNA. We also found that this permissivity was related to a neuron-regulated extracellular laminin bioavailability.

Reactive astrocytes express nitric oxide synthase in the spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing a human Cu/Zn SOD mutation

Neuroreport ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1503-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choong Ik Cha ◽  
Jong-Min Kim ◽  
Dong Hoon Shin ◽  
Yong Sik Kim ◽  
Jun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals The type of Aβ-related neuronal degeneration differs between amyloid precursor protein (APP23) and amyloid β-peptide (APP48) transgenic mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Rijal Upadhaya ◽  
Frederik Scheibe ◽  
Irina Kosterin ◽  
Dorothee Abramowski ◽  
Janina Gerth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Precursor Protein ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide

Reactive astrocytes express p53 in the spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing a human Cu/Zn SOD mutation

Neuroreport ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 3939-3943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu Jung Cho ◽  
Yoon Hee Chung ◽  
Chung-min Shin ◽  
Dong Hoon Shin ◽  
Yong Sik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes

scholarly journals Structural Remodeling of Astrocytes in the Injured CNS

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sun ◽  
Tatjana C. Jakobs
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Glial Scar ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes ◽  
Remarkable Change ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
Characteristic Response ◽  
New Methods

Astrocytes respond to all forms of CNS insult and disease by becoming reactive, a nonspecific but highly characteristic response that involves various morphological and molecular changes. Probably the most recognized aspect of reactive astrocytes is the formation of a glial scar that impedes axon regeneration. Although the reactive phenotype was first suggested more than 100 years ago based on morphological changes, the remodeling process is not well understood. We know little about the actual structure of a reactive astrocyte, how an astrocyte remodels during the progression of an insult, and how populations of these cells reorganize to form the glial scar. New methods of labeling astrocytes, along with transgenic mice, allow the complete morphology of reactive astrocytes to be visualized. Recent studies show that reactivity can induce a remarkable change in the shape of a single astrocyte, that not all astrocytes react in the same way, and that there is plasticity in the reactive response.

Reactive astrocytes express PARP in the central nervous system of SODG93A transgenic mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 1003 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Hee Chung ◽  
Kyeung Min Joo ◽  
Yun Jung Lee ◽  
Dong Hoon Shin ◽  
Choong Ik Cha
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes ◽  
The Central Nervous System
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