Design and synthesis of low refractive index polymers for modulation in optical waveguides

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Bosc ◽  
A Rousseau ◽  
A Morand ◽  
P Benech ◽  
S Tedjini
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Low Refractive Index

Optical Nanocomposites Containing Low Refractive Index MgF2 Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Goldenberg ◽  
Mathias Köhler ◽  
Christian Dreyer ◽  
Tohralf Krahl ◽  
Erhard Kemnitz
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Planar Waveguide ◽  
Magnesium Fluoride ◽  
Monomer Mixture ◽  
Acrylate Monomer ◽  
Optical Propagation ◽  
Propagation Losses ◽  
Planar Optical Waveguides ◽  
Low Refractive Index

Nanoparticles composed of magnesium fluoride were successfully introduced into polymer matrices used for the fabrication of planar optical waveguides. Optical layers without visible scattering were successfully prepared. The transparent nanocomposites were formulated by direct mixing of modified MgF2 nanoparticles with fluorinated co-polymer matrix or acrylate monomer mixture with a help of additional solvent. An addition of MgF2 nanoparticles results in decrease of refractive index and thermo-optic coefficient of the polymer but increases substantially the optical propagation losses for planar waveguide at 1547 nm.

TEM characterization of proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
W. E. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Index Of Refraction ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Wide Channel ◽  
Tem Characterization

An optical waveguide consists of a several-micron wide channel with a slightly different index of refraction than the host substrate; light can be trapped in the channel by total internal reflection.Optical waveguides can be formed from single-crystal LiNbO3 using the proton exhange technique. In this technique, polished specimens are masked with polycrystal1ine chromium in such a way as to leave 3-13 μm wide channels. These are held in benzoic acid at 249°C for 5 minutes allowing protons to exchange for lithium ions within the channels causing an increase in the refractive index of the channel and creating the waveguide. Unfortunately, optical measurements often reveal a loss in waveguiding ability up to several weeks after exchange.

Xylene-Cellulose Caprate as a Histologic Mounting Medium of Low Refractive Index

1955 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Lillie ◽  
J. P. Greco Henson
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Low Refractive Index

scholarly journals A Highly Sensitive SPR Sensors Based on Two Parallel PCFs for Low Refractive Index Detection

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Famei Wang ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Zhijie Sun ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Banghua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Low Refractive Index ◽  
Refractive Index Detection

scholarly journals Air-trench splitters for ultra-compact ring resonators in low refractive index contrast waveguides

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Rahmanian ◽  
Seunghyun Kim ◽  
Yongbin Lin ◽  
Gregory P. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Compact Ring ◽  
Refractive Index Contrast ◽  
Index Contrast ◽  
Low Refractive Index

Direct laser writing and applications of dielectric microstructures with low refractive index contrast

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vygantas Mizeikis ◽  
Vytautas Purlys ◽  
Lina Maigyte ◽  
Kestutis Staliunas ◽  
Saulius Juodkazis
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Direct Laser Writing ◽  
Laser Writing ◽  
Refractive Index Contrast ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Index Contrast ◽  
Low Refractive Index

Refractive Index Profiles of High Dose Ti Implanted Optical Waveguides in LiNbO3

1989 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bremer ◽  
P.R. Ashley ◽  
R. Irmscher ◽  
Ch. Buchal
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Refractive Index Change ◽  
Solubility Limit ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Index Change ◽  
Single Crystalline ◽  
Subsequent Processing ◽  
Extraordinary Refractive Index

ABSTRACTSingle crystalline substrates of LiNb03 have been implanted with 48Ti ions at 200 keV and doses up to 4 × 1017 cm−2. The implants have been performed at wafer temperatures of 77 K, 300 K and 620 K. Immediate subsequent processing at 1273 K in wet oxygen ambient led to good epitaxial regrowth at all doses, if sufficient time was allowed. The maximum observed extraordinary refractive index change after regrowth Δne=0.04, indicating a solubility limit of 3.3×l021 Ti cm−3 corresponding to 18 % of Nb5+ replaced by Ti4+.

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