5627759 Electrical energy meters having real-time power quality measurement and reporting capability

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-223
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Electrical Energy

Adaptive algorithm for real-time power quality measurement according to IEEE Std. 1459–2000

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Ferreira ◽  
R. B. Gonzatti ◽  
C. H. da Silva ◽  
R. R. Pereira ◽  
L. E. B. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Adaptive Algorithm ◽  
Quality Measurement

scholarly journals Power Quality Measurement and Active Harmonic Power in 25 kV 50 Hz AC Railway Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5698
Author(s):  
Yljon Seferi ◽  
Steven M. Blair ◽  
Christian Mester ◽  
Brian G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Railway Systems ◽  
The Impact

Railway electrical networks rated at 25 kV 50 Hz are characterised by significant levels of voltage and current harmonics. These frequency components are also time varying in nature due to the movement of trains and changing operational modes. Processing techniques used to evaluate harmonic results, although standardised, are not explicitly designed for railway applications, and the smoothing effect that the standard aggregation algorithms have on the measured results is significant. This paper analyses the application accuracy of standardised power quality (PQ) measurement algorithms, when used to measure and evaluate harmonics in railway electrical networks. A shorter aggregation time interval is proposed for railway power quality measurement instruments, which offers more accurate estimated results and improved tracking of time varying phenomena. Harmonic active power present in railway electrical networks is also evaluated in order to quantify the impact it has on the energy accumulated by electrical energy meters installed on-board trains. Analysis performed on 12 train journeys shows significant levels of non-fundamental active power developed for short periods of time. As an energy meter will inadvertently absorb the financial cost of non-fundamental energy produced by other trains or other external power flows, results are provided to support recommendations for future standards to measure only fundamental frequency energy within train energy measurement meters.

scholarly journals Kontrol dan Monitoring Stop Kontak Berbasis Android

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Indra Dwisaputra ◽  
Yudhi Yudhi ◽  
K’K Anggrainy ◽  
Steven Novaldy
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Real Time Clock ◽  
Quality Analyzer

Pertumbuhan konsumsi listrik semakin banyak dikarenakan pertumbuhan penduduk dan ekonomi dunia. Monitoring dan kontrol konsumsi energi listrik diharapkan dapat membantu efisiensi. Salah satu perangkat yang  digunakan menghubungkan sumber listrik ke perangkat listrik adalah elektrik soket. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara eksperimen dan memodifikasi stop kontak yang umum di pasaran. Stop kontak ditambahkan sensor tipe PZEM-004T yang dapat membaca tegangan, arus dan daya. Data yang diambil dari sensor kemudian dibandingkan dengan alat power quality analyzer untuk mengetahui tingkat kepresisian pengukuran. Real time clock tipe DS3231 digunakan untuk menghitung pemakaian beban secara real time. Data diolah oleh mikrokontroller kemudian mengirimkannya ke Smart phone. Pengguna dapat memonitor biaya pemakaian dalam rupiah (Rp). Komunikasi stop kontak ke Smart phone menggunakan bluetooth tipe HC-05 dengan jarak maksimal 10 m. Relay dipasang untuk memutuskan aliran listrik sesuai dengan timer yang telah diatur. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian alat data yang dimonitoring memiliki perbedaan dengan persentase 0,13% untuk tegangan, 2,26% untuk arus dan 1,75% untuk daya. Aplikasi yang dibuat bekerja dengan baik dan dapat mengontrol ON/OFF sumber listrik pada stop kontak.The growth in electricity consumption is increasing due to population growth and the world economy. Monitoring and controlling the consumption of electrical energy is expected to help efficiency. One of the devices used to connect a power source to an electrical device is an electric socket. This research was conducted by experimenting and modifying common sockets on the market. The socket is added with a sensor type PZEM-004T which can read voltage, current and power. The data taken from the sensor is then compared with a power quality analyzer to determine the level of measurement precision. Real time clock type DS3231 is used to calculate load usage in real time. The data is processed by the microcontroller and then sends it to the smartphone. Users can monitor usage fees in rupiah (Rp). Communication socket to smartphone using bluetooth type HC-05 with a maximum distance of 10 m. Relay is installed to cut off electricity according to the timer that has been set. Based on the test results, the monitored data tool has a difference with a percentage of 0.13% for voltage, 2.26% for current and 1.75% for power.

scholarly journals Optical Voltage Transformer Based on FBG-PZT for Power Quality Measurement

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2699
Author(s):  
Marceli N. Gonçalves ◽  
Marcelo M. Werneck
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Pockels Effect ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Voltage Transformer ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Distribution Lines

Optical Current Transformers (OCTs) and Optical Voltage Transformers (OVTs) are an alternative to the conventional transformers for protection and metering purposes with a much smaller footprint and weight. Their advantages were widely discussed in scientific and technical literature and commercial applications based on the well-known Faraday and Pockels effect. However, the literature is still scarce in studies evaluating the use of optical transformers for power quality purposes, an important issue of power system designed to analyze the various phenomena that cause power quality disturbances. In this paper, we constructed a temperature-independent prototype of an optical voltage transformer based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and piezoelectric ceramics (PZT), adequate to be used in field surveys at 13.8 kV distribution lines. The OVT was tested under several disturbances defined in IEEE standards that can occur in the electrical power system, especially short-duration voltage variations such as SAG, SWELL, and INTERRUPTION. The results demonstrated that the proposed OVT presents a dynamic response capable of satisfactorily measuring such disturbances and that it can be used as a power quality monitor for a 13.8 kV distribution system. Test on the proposed system concluded that it was capable to reproduce up to the 41st harmonic without significative distortion and impulsive surges up to 2.5 kHz. As an advantage, when compared with conventional systems to monitor power quality, the prototype can be remote-monitored, and therefore, be installed at strategic locations on distribution lines to be monitored kilometers away, without the need to be electrically powered.

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