Integrating entrapped mixed microbial cell (EMMC) process for biological removal of carbon and nitrogen from dilute swine wastewater

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.Y Yang ◽  
H.J Chen ◽  
S.J Kim
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Cell ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Entrapped Mixed Microbial Cell

Two-stage entrapped mixed microbial cell process for simultaneous removal of organics and nitrogen for rural domestic sewage application

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Kim ◽  
P.Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Microbial Cell ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Entrapped Mixed Microbial Cell

A two-stage entrapped mixed microbial cell (2SEMMC) process which separates nitrification and denitrification phases by the installation of the anoxic and oxic EMMC reactors packed with EMMC carriers was operated with 6, 4, 3, and 2 hours of hydraulic retention time (HRT) using simulated domestic wastewater. The activated sludge was immobilized using cellulose acetate for the EMMC carriers. Similar soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) removal efficiencies of 90-97% were observed for all HRTs (SCOD loading rate of 0.84-2.30 g/L/d) applied. In order to achieve more than 80 % of TN removal efficiency, the HRT should be maintained higher than 4 hours (less than 0.24 g/L/d of TN loading rate). Denitrification was a rate-limiting step which controlled overall TN removal efficiency at TN loading rate of 0.15-0.31 g/L/d although nitrification efficiencies achieved 97-99 %. The effluent TSS of less than 25 mg/L in the 2SEMMC process was maintained at the SCOD loading rate of less than 1.23 g/L/d with back-washing intervals of 5 and 10 days in the anoxic and oxic EMMC reactors, respectively. The minimum HRT of 4 hours is required for high removal efficiencies of organics (average 95.6 %) and nitrogen (average 80.5 %) in the 2SEMMC process with 3 times of recirculation ratio.

Simultaneous Removal of Carbon and Nitrogen from Swine Wastewater Using an Immobilized-Cell Reactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Huin Lin ◽  
Sz-Chwun John Hwang ◽  
Jane-Yii Wu ◽  
Feng-Yueh Chang ◽  
Kuo-Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Immobilized Cell Reactor ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cell Reactor

Packed-Entrapped-Mixed Microbial Cells for Small Wastewater Treatment

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Y. Yang ◽  
M. L. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Microbial Cell ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Cell Process ◽  
Suspended Solid Concentration ◽  
Sludge Recycling ◽  
Entrapped Mixed Microbial Cell

The primary goal of the research is to develop and evaluate a biological treatment system in which mixed microbial populations are physically immobilized by entrapment. The immobilized system was evaluated initially for its ability to remove simple benzene-based compounds from a synthetic wastewater as a model for treating pesticide-containing waters. Cellulose triacetate was used as the preparation of monocarrier and combined cellulose triacetate and calcium alginate were used for the preparation of bi-carrier. Phenol was used as substrate to test the entrapped mixed microbial cell process. Process performance including steady state, shock load and comparison of entrapped microbial cell process with and without entrapped microbial cell was investigated. It was concluded that the critical loading rate for phenol synthetic wastewater appeared to be 9 g COD/L/day. The COD removal efficiency could be maintained higher than 90%. Because of the low effluent suspended solid concentration, conventional-secondary-settling tanks could be eliminated. Also, the process could take both concentration and hydraulic shock loads of phenol synthetic wastewater successfully without the need of external sludge recycling. The equalization and external sludge recycling facilities equipped in the conventional wastewater treatment plant could be eliminated. When the process is operated only at low COD loading rate (less than 1.3 g/L/day), entrapped cells might not be required. However, when operated at higher loading rate, combined adsorbed and entrapped cells appeared to remove phenol more efficiently. For the application, mono-carrier (cellulose triacetate) is preferable to bi-carrier (cellulose triacetate and calcium alginate), since it is easier to prepare and the operational performance is better. Therefore, the application of packed-entrapped mixed microbial cell process for treatment of small-toxic-organic wastewater holds great potential.

scholarly journals Establishment of anammox process in sludge samples collected from swine wastewater treatment system

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline G Casagrande ◽  
Airton Kunz ◽  
Hugo M Soares ◽  
Marina C. de Prá ◽  
Guilherme F Schierholt Neto
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anammox Process

The high load of nitrogen present in swine wastewater is one of the biggest management challenges of the activity. The Anammox process emerges as a good alternative for biological removal of nitrogen. This study aims to acclimate sludge collected from swine effluent treatment systems to establish the Anammox process. Two sludge samples were collected at Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concordia - SC, Brazil, one from the bottom of an inactive anaerobic pond (inoculum A) and another from an aeration tank (inoculum B). Both were acclimated until the depletion of NO3-N, being subsequently inoculated in two reactors (Reactor A - Inoculum A and Reactor B - Inoculum B). The Reactor A showed activity after 110 days of operation, while the Reactor B needed 170 days. The difference in the start-up time could be explained by the different environmental conditions to which each sludge was submitted. FISH and PCR analyses confirmed the presence of microorganisms with Anammox activity, demonstrating that the sludge of swine wastewater treatment systems is a good source of inoculum for the development of the Anammox process.

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