Elemental Sulfur Oxidation by Thiobacillus spp. and Aerobic Heterotrophic Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria

Pedosphere ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hui YANG ◽  
K. STÖVEN ◽  
S. HANEKLAUS ◽  
B.R. SINGH ◽  
E. SCHNUG
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Elemental Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

scholarly journals Sulfur bacteria promote dissolution of authigenic carbonates at marine methane seeps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton J. Leprich ◽  
Beverly E. Flood ◽  
Peter R. Schroedl ◽  
Elizabeth Ricci ◽  
Jeffery J. Marlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Methane Seeps ◽  
Etch Pits ◽  
Active Dissolution ◽  
Authigenic Carbonates ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

AbstractCarbonate rocks at marine methane seeps are commonly colonized by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria that co-occur with etch pits that suggest active dissolution. We show that sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are abundant on the surface of an exemplar seep carbonate collected from Del Mar East Methane Seep Field, USA. We then used bioreactors containing aragonite mineral coupons that simulate certain seep conditions to investigate plausible in situ rates of carbonate dissolution associated with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Bioreactors inoculated with a sulfur-oxidizing bacterial strain, Celeribacter baekdonensis LH4, growing on aragonite coupons induced dissolution rates in sulfidic, heterotrophic, and abiotic conditions of 1773.97 (±324.35), 152.81 (±123.27), and 272.99 (±249.96) μmol CaCO3 • cm−2 • yr−1, respectively. Steep gradients in pH were also measured within carbonate-attached biofilms using pH-sensitive fluorophores. Together, these results show that the production of acidic microenvironments in biofilms of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are capable of dissolving carbonate rocks, even under well-buffered marine conditions. Our results support the hypothesis that authigenic carbonate rock dissolution driven by lithotrophic sulfur-oxidation constitutes a previously unknown carbon flux from the rock reservoir to the ocean and atmosphere.

scholarly journals Distinct Roles of Acidophiles in Complete Oxidation of High-Sulfur Ferric Leach Product of Zinc Sulfide Concentrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Muravyov ◽  
Anna Panyushkina
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Zinc Sulfide ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sulfide Concentrates ◽  
Sulfide Concentrate ◽  
Elemental Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Ferric Leaching

A two-step process, which involved ferric leaching with biologically generated solution and subsequent biooxidation with the microbial community, has been previously proposed for the processing of low-grade zinc sulfide concentrates. In this study, we carried out the process of complete biological oxidation of the product of ferric leaching of the zinc concentrate, which contained 9% of sphalerite, 5% of chalcopyrite, and 29.7% of elemental sulfur. After 21 days of biooxidation at 40 °C, sphalerite and chalcopyrite oxidation reached 99 and 69%, respectively, while the level of elemental sulfur oxidation was 97%. The biooxidation residue could be considered a waste product that is inert under aerobic conditions. The results of this study showed that zinc sulfide concentrate processing using a two-step treatment is efficient and promising. The microbial community, which developed during biooxidation, was dominated by Acidithiobacillus caldus, Leptospirillum ferriphilum, Ferroplasma acidiphilum, Sulfobacillus thermotolerans, S. thermosulfidooxidans, and Cuniculiplasma sp. At the same time, F. acidiphilum and A. caldus played crucial roles in the oxidation of sulfide minerals and elemental sulfur, respectively. The addition of L. ferriphilum to A. caldus during biooxidation of the ferric leach product proved to inhibit elemental sulfur oxidation.

scholarly journals Organic Stabilization of Extracellular Elemental Sulfur in a Sulfurovum-Rich Biofilm: A New Role for Extracellular Polymeric Substances?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandi Cron ◽  
Jennifer L. Macalady ◽  
Julie Cosmidis
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Cave System ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

This work shines light on the role of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the formation and preservation of elemental sulfur biominerals produced by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. We characterized elemental sulfur particles produced within a Sulfurovum-rich biofilm in the Frasassi Cave System (Italy). The particles adopt spherical and bipyramidal morphologies, and display both stable (α-S8) and metastable (β-S8) crystal structures. Elemental sulfur is embedded within a dense matrix of EPS, and the particles are surrounded by organic envelopes rich in amide and carboxylic groups. Organic encapsulation and the presence of metastable crystal structures are consistent with elemental sulfur organomineralization, i.e., the formation and stabilization of elemental sulfur in the presence of organics, a mechanism that has previously been observed in laboratory studies. This research provides new evidence for the important role of microbial EPS in mineral formation in the environment. We hypothesize that the extracellular organics are used by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria for the stabilization of elemental sulfur minerals outside of the cell wall as a store of chemical energy. The stabilization of energy sources (in the form of a solid electron acceptor) in biofilms is a potential new role for microbial EPS that requires further investigation.

Kinetic model of elemental sulfur oxidation by

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gourdon ◽  
N. Funtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Elemental Sulfur Oxidation

Respirometric characterization of aerobic sulfide, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur oxidation by S-oxidizing biomass

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Mora ◽  
Luis R. López ◽  
Javier Lafuente ◽  
Julio Pérez ◽  
Robbert Kleerebezem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Elemental Sulfur Oxidation

Magnesium fertiliser dissolution rates in pumice soils under Pinus radiata

Soil Research ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Mitchell ◽  
P. Loganathan ◽  
T. W. Payn ◽  
R. W. Tillman
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
Dissolution Rate Constants ◽  
Elemental Sulfur Oxidation

Application of Mg fertilisers has been suggested as a means of reducing the incidence of Mg deficiency of forest trees in New Zealand and Europe. The objective of this study was to determine the rates of dissolution of a range of Mg fertilisers applied to a pumice soil (Typic Udivitrand). The rate of fertiliser dissolution was little influenced by whether the fertiliser was applied directly on to the soil surface (litter removed) or on to the litter layer in a Pinus radiata plantation. Twenty-seven months since fertiliser application the mean (with and without litter) percentage of Mg dissolved was in the sequence: Epsom salts > calcined magnesite 1–2 mm > granmag (a partially acidulated and granulated calmag product) > calcined magnesite 2–4 mm > forestry grade dolomite. The specific dissolution rate constants (mg/cm2 .day of fertiliser) for the slowly soluble Mg fertilisers calculated using an elemental sulfur oxidation cubic model were 587 for calcined magnesite 1–2 mm, 426 for calcined magnesite 2–4 mm, 385 for granmag, and 18 for forestry grade dolomite. In a laboratory incubation study the elemental sulfur oxidation cubic model described the rate of dissolution of Mg fertilisers within narrow fertiliser particle size ranges. The specific fertiliser dissolution rate constants, however, increased with decreases in particle size, suggesting that the rate of dissolution depends on factors other than surface area when particle sizes varied widely. Slowly soluble, alkaline Mg fertilisers had a significant liming effect on the soil. They were more effective in increasing soil exchangeable Mg than soluble Mg salts over a long-period and therefore, they are better fertilisers for P. radiata.

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