Water-Extractable Carbon Pools and Microbial Biomass Carbon in Sodic Water-Irrigated Soils Amended with Gypsum and Organic Manures

Pedosphere ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.P. CHOUDHARY ◽  
J.K. GILL ◽  
BIJAY-SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Sodic Water ◽  
Water Extractable ◽  
Irrigated Soils

Microbial biomass carbon and some soil properties as influenced by long-term sodic-water irrigation, gypsum, and organic amendments

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joginder Kaur ◽  
O. P. Choudhary ◽  
Bijay-Singh
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Sodic Water

Long-term sodic-water irrigation may adversely affect the quality of soil organic carbon along with some soil properties. The extent to which the adverse effects can be ameliorated through the use of gypsum and amendments needs to be known. Soil properties and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were studied after 14 years of sodic water (SW) irrigation and application of different levels of gypsum, farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), and wheat straw (WS) to a sandy loam soil. Irrigation with SW increased pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and bulk density, and decreased final infiltration rate of soil. Application of gypsum and organic amendments reversed these trends. Decrease in MBC due to SW irrigation was from 132.5 to 44.6 mg/kg soil in the 0–75 mm soil layer and from 49.0 to 17.3 mg/kg soil in the 75–150 mm soil layer. Application of gypsum and organic amendments significantly increased MBC; GM and FYM were more effective than WS. Changes in soil ESP explained 85 and 75% variation in MBC in the unamended and organically amended SW treatments, respectively. Soil pH as additional variable improved the predictability of MBC to 96% and 77%. Irrigation with SW reduced yield of rice plus wheat by 5 t/ha. Application of gypsum and organic amendments significantly increased the rice and wheat yield; it was significantly correlated with MBC (r = 0.56**, n = 60). It confirms that MBC rather than organic C is a more sensitive indicator of environmental stresses in soils caused by long-term sodic water irrigation.

scholarly journals Soil carbon, microbial biomass carbon, soil health and productivity of toria (Brassica campestris L.) crop as affected by the application of organic manures

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386
Author(s):  
B. Gogoi ◽  
◽  
B. Kalita ◽  
I. Bhupenchandra ◽  
P. Sutradhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Organic Manures

Aim: To investigate the effect of different organic manures on the performance of toria crop and to understand their impact on the soil properties and availability of nutrients in acidic sandy loam soil. Methodology: Three-year fixed plot study was conducted with 7 treatments viz., T1: control, T2: recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), T3: cow dung manure @ 5 t ha-1, T4: pig dung manure @ 5 t ha-1, T5: goat dung manure @ 5 t ha-1, T6: farm yard manure (FYM) @ 5 t ha-1, and T7: vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 replicating 3 times in a complete randomized block design. Data were collected and analysed following the standard procedures. The yield and yield attributing parameters of toria and the soil properties such as soil pH, organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and available NPK were studied. Results: Application of different organic manures significantly affected the plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of siliquae per branch, number of seeds siliqua and 1000-seed weight of toria crop. Addition of organic manure significantly enhanced the soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and available NPK in the soil over initial, except soil pH. The cost of cultivation, gross return and net return varied from 10.50 ×103 to 23.10 ×103, 15.00 ×103 to 35.10 ×103 and 4.46 ×103 to 19.96 ×103 Rs. ha-1, respectively. The B:C ratio varied in the order of goat dung manure > cow dung manure >RDF >FYM > pig dung manure > vermicompost > control treatment. Interpretation: To achieve maximum performance with nourishment of soil quality and health, application of vermicompost was confirmed to be the best over other organic sources of nutrients primarily due to enhancement in C and N status and an increase in microbial activities in soil.

Effect of land uses and elevation on microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and water extractable carbon in Kumaon Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
R. P. Yadav ◽  
B. Gupta ◽  
P. L. Bhutia ◽  
J. K. Bisht ◽  
V. S. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Kumaon Himalaya ◽  
Water Extractable

The change in land use as well as elevation changes microbial biomass carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and water extractable organic carbons (WOC), which are important parameters of soil fertility and essential for sustainable management of any land use. In Central Himalaya watershed (2B4D6) the land use pattern varies with elevation. The present study aims to examine the soils (0-30 cm depth) of different land uses i.e. agroforestry, silvipastoral and grassland for microbial biomass C, N, microbial population and WOC along the elevation. Microbial biomass C, N, microbial population and WOC contents varied significantly (less than 0.005) among land uses and it increased along the elevation. Maximum microbial biomass C and N was recorded in agroforestry, silvipastoral and minimum in grassland. While, WOC highest in silvipasture, agroforestry and grassland. Land uses along elevation had strong positive correlation with microbial biomass C, N and WOC. Thus it is concluded that microbial biomass C, N, microbial population and WOC changes significantly (less than 0.05) in different land uses and along elevation gradient.

scholarly journals How Elemental Stoichiometric Ratios in Microorganisms Respond to Thinning Management in Larix principis-rupprechtti Mayr. Plantations of the Warm Temperate Zone in China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Mengke Cai ◽  
Shiping Xing ◽  
Xiaoqing Cheng ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Xinhao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratios

The stoichiometric ratios of elements in microorganisms play an important role in biogeochemical cycling and evaluating the nutritional limits of microbial growth, but the effects of thinning treatment on the stoichiometric ratio of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in microorganisms remain unclear. We conducted research in a Larix principis-rupprechtti Mayr. plantation to determine the main factors driving microbial carbon (C): nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P) stoichiometry following thinning and the underlying mechanisms of these effects. The plantation study varied in thinning intensity from 0% tree removal (control), 15% tree reduction (high density plantation, HDP), 35% tree reduction (medium density plantation, MDP), and 50% tree reduction (low density plantation, LDP). Our results indicated that medium density plantation significantly increased litter layer biomass, soil temperature, and other soil properties (e.g., soil moisture and nutrient contents). Understory vegetation diversity (i.e., shrub layer and herb layer) was highest in the medium density plantation. Meanwhile, thinning had a great influence on the biomass of microbial communities. For example, the concentration of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) for bacteria and fungi in the medium density plantation (MDP) was significantly higher than in other thinning treatments. Combining Pearson correlation analysis, regression modeling, and stepwise regression demonstrated that the alteration of the microbial biomass carbon: nitrogen was primarily related to gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, soil temperature, and soil available phosphorus. Variation in bacteria, actinomycetes, gram-positive bacteria, gram–negative bacteria, and soil total phosphorus was primarily associated with shifts in microbial biomass carbon: phosphorus. Moreover, changes in microbial biomass nitrogen: phosphorus were regulated by actinomycetes, gram-negative bacteria, and soil temperature. In conclusion, our research indicates that the stoichiometric ratios of elements in microorganisms could be influenced by thinning management, and emphasizes the importance of soil factors and microbial communities in driving soil microbial stoichiometry.

scholarly journals Soil Aggregation and Organic Carbon Dynamics in Poplar Plantations

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Ge ◽  
Shuiyuan Fang ◽  
Han Chen ◽  
Rongwei Zhu ◽  
Sili Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon

Soil resident water-stable macroaggregates (diameter (Ø) > 0.25 mm) play a critical role in organic carbon conservation and fertility. However, limited studies have investigated the direct effects of stand development on soil aggregation and its associated mechanisms. Here, we examined the dynamics of soil organic carbon, water-stable macroaggregates, litterfall production, fine-root (Ø < 1 mm) biomass, and soil microbial biomass carbon with stand development in poplar plantations (Populus deltoides L. ‘35’) in Eastern Coastal China, using an age sequence (i.e., five, nine, and 16 years since plantation establishment). We found that the quantity of water-stable macroaggregates and organic carbon content in topsoil (0–10 cm depth) increased significantly with stand age. With increasing stand age, annual aboveground litterfall production did not differ, while fine-root biomass sampled in June, August, and October increased. Further, microbial biomass carbon in the soil increased in June but decreased when sampled in October. Ridge regression analysis revealed that the weighted percentage of small (0.25 mm ≤ Ø < 2 mm) increased with soil microbial biomass carbon, while that of large aggregates (Ø ≥ 2 mm) increased with fine-root biomass as well as microbial biomass carbon. Our results reveal that soil microbial biomass carbon plays a critical role in the formation of both small and large aggregates, while fine roots enhance the formation of large aggregates.

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