Psychiatric Treatment of Children and Adolescents in Rural Communities

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Cook ◽  
Stuart A. Copans ◽  
Diane H. Schetky
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment

The Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents in an Adolescent In-Patient Sample

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Harnett ◽  
Natalie J. Loxton ◽  
Trevor Sadler ◽  
Leanne Hides ◽  
Andrea Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Length Of Treatment ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The primary aims of the study were to examine the reliability and validity of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (HoNOSCA) in a sample of adolescents requiring medium to long-term in-patient psychiatric treatment and to examine the association between HoNOSCA scores and age, gender and length of treatment. Methods: A multidisciplinary team completed the HoNOSCA for 51 adolescent patients at intake and at 3- and 6-months following admission to the unit. Results: The study provided support for the test-retest reliability, concurrent and convergent validity, but not the internal reliability, of the HoNOSCA. Total HoNOSCA scores at intake were similar to those found in adolescent outpatient samples, although there were some differences at the level of individual items. Similarly, while the total HoNOSCA score showed some sensitivity to change, using the total HoNOSCA score obscured important changes in specific domains of functioning over the course of admission. Conclusion: The HoNOSCA was found to be a valid measure of global functioning at intake, thereby supporting its use in an adolescent psychiatric unit. However, focusing on individual items, rather than total score, appears more useful in evaluating the impact of inpatient psychiatric treatment on adolescents.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin D deficiency on depressive symptoms in child and adolescent psychiatric patients: results of a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 3415-3424
Author(s):  
Lars Libuda ◽  
Nina Timmesfeld ◽  
Jochen Antel ◽  
Raphael Hirtz ◽  
Jens Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Purpose While observational studies revealed inverse associations between serum vitamin D levels [25(OH)D] and depression, randomized controlled trials (RCT) in children and adolescents are lacking. This RCT examined the effect of an untreated vitamin D deficiency compared to an immediate vitamin D3 supplementation on depression scores in children and adolescents during standard day and in-patient psychiatric treatment. Methods Patients with vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D ≤ 30 nmol/l] and at least mild depression [Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) > 13] (n = 113) were 1:1 randomized into verum (VG; 2640 IU vitamin D3/d) or placebo group (PG) in a double-blind manner. During the intervention period of 28 days, both groups additionally received treatment as usual. BDI-II scores were assessed as primary outcome, DISYPS-II (Diagnostic System for Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence, Self- and Parent Rating) and serum total 25(OH)D were secondary outcomes. Results At admission, 49.3% of the screened patients (n = 280) had vitamin D deficiency. Although the intervention led to a higher increase of 25(OH)D levels in the VG than in the PG (treatment difference: + 14 ng/ml; 95% CI 4.86–23.77; p = 0.003), the change in BDI-II scores did not differ (+ 1.3; 95% CI − 2.22 to 4.81; p = 0.466). In contrast, DISYPS parental ratings revealed pronounced improvements of depressive symptoms in the VG (− 0.68; 95% CI − 1.23 to − 0.13; p = 0.016). Conclusion Whereas this study failed to show a vitamin D supplementation effect on self-rated depression in adolescent in- or daycare patients, parents reported less depressive symptoms in VG at the end of our study. Future trials should consider clinician-rated depressive symptoms as primary outcome. Trial registration “German Clinical Trials Register” (https://www.drks.de), registration number: DRKS00009758

Assessment of Childhood Trauma in Rural Settings

2016 ◽  
pp. 121-135
Author(s):  
Apryl A. Alexander ◽  
Megan E. Harrelson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

Childhood exposure to trauma is prevalent and has been shown to contribute to both immediate and long-term psychological distress and functional impairment. Most mental health professionals will encounter trauma-related issues in their work, regardless of their specialty or the context in which they work, however, in rural communities it may be difficult for mental health practitioners to seek specialty training in working with survivors of trauma. The aim of this chapter is to provide practitioners with basic knowledge about the effects of trauma on children and adolescents, clinical skills and available measures designed to appropriately assess exposure to trauma and subsequent trauma-related symptoms, and ethical and cultural considerations required when assessing trauma in children and adolescents in rural communities.

Assessment of Childhood Trauma in Rural Settings

2016 ◽  
pp. 352-366
Author(s):  
Apryl A. Alexander ◽  
Megan E. Harrelson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

Childhood exposure to trauma is prevalent and has been shown to contribute to both immediate and long-term psychological distress and functional impairment. Most mental health professionals will encounter trauma-related issues in their work, regardless of their specialty or the context in which they work, however, in rural communities it may be difficult for mental health practitioners to seek specialty training in working with survivors of trauma. The aim of this chapter is to provide practitioners with basic knowledge about the effects of trauma on children and adolescents, clinical skills and available measures designed to appropriately assess exposure to trauma and subsequent trauma-related symptoms, and ethical and cultural considerations required when assessing trauma in children and adolescents in rural communities.

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