Effect of stimulation of an upper limb on motor evoked potentials in lower limb muscles to transcranial magnetic stimulation in normal subjects and patients with thalamic infarction

1) Objective: to evaluate the effects of excitatory transcranial magnetic stimulation of the anterior intraparietal area in chronic patients with a frontal lesion and parietal sparing due to stroke on the impaired upper (UL) and lower limb (LL) as measured by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). 2) Methods: three patients (P1: 49.83/2.75, P2: 53.17/3.83, P3:63.33/3.08 years-old at stroke/years post-stroke, respectively) received two weeks (five days/ week) of rTMS at 10 Hz of the left anterior intraparietal area (AIP). A patient was treated in similar conditions with a sham coil (56.58/4.33) No complimentary therapy was delivered during the study. Patients were evaluated before, after- and two-months post-treatment (A1, A2 and A3, respectively). 3) Results: We found increased scores for lower limb in motor function subsection for P1 and P3 and in sensory function for P2 by A2 that remained at A3. We also found an increased score for upper limb motor function for P2 and P3, but the score decreased by A3 for P2. P3 score for upper limb ROM increased by A3 compared to A1 and A2. 4) Conclusion: AIP excitatory rTMS increased the FMA scores for lower and upper limb function, showing a broader effect when compared to M1 stimulation.

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Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Frontalis Muscle: Characteristic Features and Details on Motor-Evoked Potentials of the Forehead

ORL ◽

10.1159/000055712 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 66-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. Rödel ◽

R. Laskawi ◽

H. Markus ◽

Karin Wenke

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Motor Evoked Potentials ◽

Frontalis Muscle ◽

Characteristic Features ◽

Stimulation Of

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Hypoglossal Nerve Conduction Study by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Normal Subjects

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459989511200403 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 112 (4) ◽

pp. 520-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agustín Campos ◽

Rafael Barona ◽

Joaquín Escudero ◽

José Montalt ◽

Manuel Escudero

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Cranial Nerve ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Motor Evoked Potentials ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Motor Evoked Potential ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Mean Values ◽

Upper Face

The introduction of transcranial magnetic stimulation has allowed the study of conduction in the proximal portions and central pathways of the cranial nerves. A study is made of cranial nerve XII with transcranial magnetic stimulation at two levels, cortical and cisternal, registering the motor evoked potential by means of surface electrodes in contact with the upper face of the tongue. Motor evoked potentials were constantly observed on cortical stimulation, in a painless, easy, and reproducible way, with mean values of 10.84 ± 1.14 milliseconds (latency) and 7.81 ± 1.14 mV (amplitude). Motor evoked potentials were unconstant and showed reduced amplitues on cisternal stimulation, with mean values of 4.72 ± 0.62 milliseconds and 0.83 ± 1.26 mV. The magnetic stimulation technique allows the study of the entire motor pathway of cranial nerve XII (motor cortex-medulla, motoneuron-muscle). The method is efficient, noninvasive, painless, and easily reproduced, and it comes close to being an ideal clinical conduction study technique for this cranial nerve.

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