Vocal tics in Tourette's syndrome

ABSTRACT:We studied 112 patients with Tourette's syndrome (TS); the male-to-female ratio was 3.8, the mean age of onset was 7.3 years, and the average duration of symptoms prior to the initial evaluation was 15.2 years. Seventy-nine percent of the patients had at least one family member with motor or vocal tics, and an additional 10 percent had a family member with marked obsessive-compulsive behavior. Simple motor tics occurred as the presenting symptom in about one-third of patients; one-third had multiple motor tics at the onset, and another third started with vocal tics. During the course of the illness all patients developed multifocal motor tics and 86 percent had vocal tics. Verbal and mental coprolalia was present in 44 percent of the patients. Copropraxia was seen in 19 percent of patients, and both coprolalia and copropraxia were more frequent among the males than expected. Attentional deficit disorder was diagnosed in 36 percent of the patients and 32 percent had obsessive-compulsive personality. Sleep disturbances were reported by 62 percent of the patients and polysomnography in 34 patients showed motor and vocal tics during all stages of sleep, sleep apnea, abnormal arousal pattern, and other sleep disturbances. Patients with mild symptoms improved with clonidine or clonazepam, but those with more advanced disorder required fluphenazine, pimozide, haloperidol or tetrabenazine.

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Hereditary Agoraphobia and Obsessive-Compulsive Behaviour in Relatives of Patients with Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.151.2.195 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 151 (2) ◽

pp. 195-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

D. E. Comings ◽

B. G. Comings

Keyword(s):

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Panic Attacks ◽

Tourette's Syndrome ◽

Tourette’S Syndrome ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Genetic Subtypes ◽

Compulsive Behaviour ◽

Motor Tics ◽

Vocal Tics

We present 11 pedigrees in which a propositus with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome had first or second-degree relatives with obsessive-compulsive behaviour or agoraphobia with panic attacks, but only partially expressed the TS gene (i.e. had only motor tics or vocal tics, or neither). Of 90 females over the age of 18 presenting with TS, or with motor or vocal tics alone, nine had severe agoraphobia with panic attacks. There may be genetic subtypes of both obsessive-compulsive disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks that are due to partial expression of the TS gene.

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Long latency between the onset of motor and vocal tics in Tourette's syndrome

Annals of Neurology ◽

10.1002/ana.410140619 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 693-694 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anthony E. Lang ◽

Harvey Moldofsky ◽

Awad G. Awad

Keyword(s):

Tourette's Syndrome ◽

Tourette’S Syndrome ◽

Long Latency ◽

Vocal Tics

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Gilles De La Tourette's Syndrome

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.115.520.351 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 115 (520) ◽

pp. 351-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Bengt Eriksson ◽

Torgny Persson

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscles ◽

Pure Form ◽

Tourette's Syndrome ◽

Tourette’S Syndrome ◽

Laryngeal Muscles ◽

The Face ◽

Motor Tics ◽

Vocal Tics

The classic and pure form of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome is characterized by: (1) Multiple motor tics, generally developing during childhood or adolescence, starting in the face, neck or hands, and tending to spread to involve most of the skeletal muscles. Sometimes they are paroxysmal, but the victims never lose consciousness. (2) “Vocal tics”, occurring when the contractions spread to the laryngeal muscles. The victims utter sounds, often resembling the cries of an animal, such as barking, bellowing or whinnying (3). Generally the last to appear, though the order probably varies, is a compulsion to shout obscene or blasphemous words, insults or oaths. Echopraxia and echolalia are disorders bordering on this syndrome, and sometimes accompanying it.

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Movement Disorders 1: Tourette’s Syndrome, Essential Tremor, and Parkinson’s Disease (DRAFT)

10.1093/med/9780190650261.003.0011 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Tamara Kaplan ◽

Tracey Milligan

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Essential Tremor ◽

Movement Disorders ◽

Postural Instability ◽

Tourette's Syndrome ◽

Tourette’S Syndrome ◽

Resting Tremor ◽

Kinetic Tremor ◽

Vocal Tics

The video in this chapter explores movement disorders, and focuses on Tourette’s Syndrome, Essential tremor, and Parkinson’s Disease. It outlines the characteristics of each, such as motor and vocal tics in Tourette’s Syndrome, postural or kinetic tremor in Essential tremor, and the four hallmark features of Parkinson’s Disease (bradykinesia, resting tremor, cogwheel rigidity, and postural instability).

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PRESENCE OF DYSPHONIA IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TOURETTE’S SYNDROME

Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation ◽

10.36283/pjr.zu.4.1/009 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 42-47

Author(s):

Humaira Hussain

Keyword(s):

Treatment Strategies ◽

Voice Disorders ◽

Tourette's Syndrome ◽

Continuous Treatment ◽

Voice Disorder ◽

Tourette’S Syndrome ◽

Spasmodic Dysphonia ◽

Vocal Qualities ◽

Assessment And Treatment ◽

Vocal Tics

Professionals working in the field of voice disorders have come to recognize the variability of vocal qualities in different populations. While voice disorders can be of organic, neurogenic, or functional etiology, concomitant disorders often directly impact the vocal features. Such a disorder is Tourette’s Syndrome which is an impairment characterized by motor and vocal tics. This study examined the prevalence of voice disorders in individuals with Tourette’s Syndrome. Research was conducted over the duration of two years with clientele aged 15;2 to 26;5. Participants were receiving continuous treatment from a team of neurologist and psychologist at private clinics situated around a suburban area. Two case studies consisting of 1-2 individuals were also closely examined to further distinguish the types of voice disorders present given the severity of motor and vocal tics. Instrumental and perceptual analysis was obtained to accurately diagnose the voice disorder. Given the sample of participants, presence of spasmodic dysphonia and falsetto were noted. Results of this study indicates a strong presence of dysphonia in individuals with Tourette’s Syndrome, particularly spasmodic dysphonia and falsetto. Additionally, dysphonic vocal qualities were irrelevant to the existence of vocal tics. Further research with this population is mandated to determine assessment and treatment strategies

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