BROKEN-HEART, COMMON LIFE, HETEROGENEITY: ANALYZING THE SPOUSAL MORTALITY DEPENDENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Broken Heart Syndrome ◽  
Common Life ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Pricing Error ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Mixed Proportional Hazards

AbstractUsing data on joint annuities, we conduct an analysis of the inter-couple lifetime dependence. We estimate a mixed proportional hazards model with treatment effects, which disentangles the broken-heart syndrome from the spurious risk dependence induced by unobserved heterogeneities. We use a flexible semi-parametric distribution for the unobserved heterogeneities to allow for either positive or negative spurious risk dependence. We find that the effect of losing one's spouse is asymmetric for the two sexes. Moreover, although the broken-heart syndrome explains a large portion of the dependency, there is evidence of positive spurious risk dependence. These findings have important implications for the pricing of joint insurance products. Failure to take into account either of these two effects leads to pricing error that can be either positive or negative, depending on the characteristics of the couple.

scholarly journals Dementia Adjudication Triggers Associated With Increased Mortality for Older Australians: Evidence From ASPREE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 161-161
Author(s):  
Jane Banaszak-Holl ◽  
Xiaoping Lin ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Stephanie Ward ◽  
Henry Brodaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Research Aims: This study seeks to understand whether those with dementia experience higher risk of death, using data from the ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) clinical trial study. Methods: ASPREE was a primary intervention trial of low-dose aspirin among healthy older people. The Australian cohort included 16,703 dementia-free participants aged 70 years and over at enrolment. Participants were triggered for dementia adjudication if cognitive test results were poorer than expected, self-reporting dementia diagnosis or memory problems, or dementia medications were detected. Incidental dementia was adjudicated by an international adjudication committee using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria and results of a neuropsychological battery and functional measures with medical record substantiation. Statistical analyses used a cox proportional hazards model. Results: As previously reported, 1052 participants (5.5%) died during a median of 4.7 years of follow-up and 964 participants had a dementia trigger, of whom, 575 (60%) were adjucated as having dementia. Preliminary analyses has shown that the mortality rate was higher among participants with a dementia trigger, regardless of dementia adjudication outcome, than those without (15% vs 5%, Χ2 = 205, p <.001). Conclusion: This study will provide important analyses of differences in the hazard ratio for mortality and causes of death among people with and without cognitive impairment and has important implications on service planning.

The Identifiability of the Mixed Proportional Hazards Model with Time-Varying Coefficients

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. McCall
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Varying Coefficients ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Time Varying Coefficients ◽  
Mixed Proportional Hazards

This paper establishes conditions for the nonparametric identifiability of the mixed proportional hazards model with time-varying coefficients. Unlike the mixed proportional hazards model, a regressor with two distinct values is not sufficient to identify this model. An unbounded regressor, however, is sufficient for identification.

Constructive identification of the mixed proportional hazards model

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Kortram ◽  
A. C. M. Rooij ◽  
A. J. Lenstra ◽  
G. Ridder
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Mixed Proportional Hazards

Analysing multicentre competing risks data with a mixed proportional hazards model for the subdistribution

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 4267-4278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Katsahian ◽  
Matthieu Resche-Rigon ◽  
Sylvie Chevret ◽  
Raphaël Porcher
Keyword(s):  
Competing Risks ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Competing Risks Data ◽  
Mixed Proportional Hazards

Overall survival (OS) in Swedish RCC patients treated 2000–2012: Update of the RENCOMP study.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 413-413
Author(s):  
Magnus Lindskog ◽  
Thomas Wahlgren ◽  
Rickard Sandin ◽  
Jan Kowalski ◽  
Maria Jakobsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
National Patient Register ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Drug Register ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Using Data

413 Background: The RENal COMParison (RENCOMP) study showed a significant improvement in OS for Swedish patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and metastatic (m)RCC in the first years following the introduction of targeted agents (TAs) in 2006 (Br J Cancer 2013;108:1541). Here we investigated whether a further improvement in OS can be detected in the more recent years of the TA era. Methods: Using data from the Swedish Cancer Register (diagnosis and death records), National Patient Register (in-/out-patient visit records), and Swedish Prescribed Drug Register (prescribed/dispensed drug records), we assessed OS in RCC and mRCC patients diagnosed during two periods after (2009–2012 and 2006–2008) and one period before (2000–2005 [RCC]; 2002–2005 [mRCC]) the introduction of TAs, and factors influencing OS in mRCC. Multivariate analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model, including estimates of adjusted HR. The regression model included the covariates age, gender, geographical region, institution size, nephrectomy status, diagnosis period, and TA prescription. Results: In total, 3,980, 2,956, and 5,225 RCC patients were identified from 2009–2012, 2006–2008, and 2000–2005, respectively. From 2002–2012, 4,217 patients met the criteria for mRCC diagnosis. RCC patients diagnosed 2009–2012 and 2006–2008 had a significant improvement in OS compared with patients diagnosed 2000–2005 (median OS: not reached and 86 vs. 48 months, respectively; both P<0.001 [log-rank]). Likewise, mRCC patients diagnosed 2009–2012 and 2006–2008 had a significant improvement in OS compared with patients diagnosed 2002–2005 (median OS: 18.0 and 13.0 vs. 10.0 months, respectively; both P<0.001 [log rank]; with adjusted HR [95% CI] of 0.76 [0.69–0.83] and 0.97 [0.89–1.06], respectively). Factors significantly associated with longer OS in mRCC were (HR, 95% CI): female gender (0.88, 0.82–0.94), lower age (0.97, 0.97–0.98), prior nephrectomy (0.57, 0.53–0.61), and a TA prescription (0.84, 0.77–0.91). Conclusions: A continued significant improvement in OS for RCC and mRCC patients was shown, reflecting intensified medical and surgical treatment, more available TAs, and increased clinical experience.

APPLYING A DATA DUPLICATION TECHNIQUE IN LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF WAITING TIME TO PREGNANCY

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-479
Author(s):  
HALIMAH AWANG
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Censored Observations ◽  
Using Data

This analysis demonstrates the application of a data duplication technique in linear regression with censored observations of the waiting time to third pregnancy ending in two outcome types, using data from Malaysia. The linear model not only confirmed the results obtained by the Cox proportional hazards model, but also identified two additional significant factors. The method provides a useful alternative when Cox proportionality assumption of the hazards is violated.

HRA Model for Hypercholesterolemia Based on a Longitudinal Health Database

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
T. Kishimoto ◽  
Y. Iida ◽  
K. Yoshida ◽  
M. Miyakawa ◽  
H. Sugimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Database ◽  
Observation Period

AbstractTo evaluate the risk factors for hypercholesterolemia, we examined 4,371 subjects (3,207 males and 1,164 females) who received medical checkups more than twice at an AMHTS in Tokyo during the period from 1976 through 1991; and whose serum total cholesterol was under 250 mg/dl. The mean follow-up duration was 6.6 years. A self-registering questionnaire was administered at the time of the health checkup. The endpoint of this study was the onset of hypercholesterolemia when the level of serum total cholesterol was 250 mg/dl and over. We compared two prognosis groups (normal and hypercholesterol) in terms of age, examination findings and lifestyle. After assessing each variable, we employed Cox's proportional hazards model analysis to determine the factors related to the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia. According to proportional hazards model analysis, total cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking at the beginning, and hypertension during the observation period were selected in males; and total cholesterol at the beginning and age were selected in females to determine the factors related to the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia.

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