A History of the Japanese Language

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarke Frellesvig
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Language ◽  
History Of

Unsettling Memories of Japanese Migrant Sex Workers: Carceral Mobilities of the Transpacific Underground at the Turn of the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 24-43
Author(s):  
Ayaka Yoshimizu
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Sex Trade ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of

Between 1908 and 1909 and in 1912, Vancouver-based journalist Shohei Osada published a two-part series entitled “Exploration of Devil Caves” in a local Japanese language newspaper, detailing the lives of Japanese migrants involved in the sex trade in Canada. The series showcases the presence of underground networks that extended across the continent and the Pacific, or what I call the “transpacific underground.” Many characters in Osada’s series are transient migrants, who did not settle in any one specific nation but continued moving on across multiple borders seeking new opportunities, or sometimes, last resort for survival. By reading Osada’s writing closely, this article develops the notion of the transpacific underground as method to engage the history of migrant sex workers and understand it from a carceral space of migration regulated by multiple imperial and colonial forces, gendered nationalist ideologies, and human trafficking, making migrant women’s movements forced but also transgressive and open-ended.

scholarly journals A Meiji-kori japán nyelv forrásai

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2016/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
András Zsigmond Albeker
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Language ◽  
History Of

The Japanese language was greatly influenced by changes of the society andpolitics under the Meiji 明治 Restoration. In this period three new sets oflanguage material became available: stenographic records, audio materialsand newspapers, as well as magazines. The Japanese stenography is basedon English stenography, and its actual implementation began from 1883. Thestenographic records are speeches, lectures, minutes and records of rakugo落語 and kōdan 講談. In the research of the history of Japanese language,stenographic records of rakugo, kōdan and speeches are often used. The rakugo and kōdan materials are large in extent, about 4000 items are known;however, the quantity of speeches and other stenographic records are unknown; therefore, a bibliographic research is necessary in this respect.

scholarly journals Шедевры учебной литературы по японскому языку как иностранному (2): Комикс «Мальчуган» (по одноимённой повести Нацумэ Сосэки)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Александр Сергеевич ДЫБОВСКИЙ
Keyword(s):  
Comic Book ◽  
Japanese Literature ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Comic Strip ◽  
Literature Teaching ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese Writer ◽  
Outstanding Work

В статье даётся краткий обзор учебной литературы по японскому языку, составленной в виде комиксов, а также описываются основные параметры учебника, построенного на материале повести выдающегося японского писателя Нацумэ Сосэки «Мальчуган», а именно: его структура, содержание, приложения, особенности введения лексики, иероглифики и грамматики, система упражнений и связанные с учебником интернет-ресурсы. Описываемый учебник представляет уникальный материал для преподавания японского языка на среднем и продвинутом уровнях, он вводит обучаемых в историю японской культуры, стимулирует интерес к изучению японской литературы. преподавание японского языка, шедевры учебной литературы, жанр комикса в преподавании иностранного языка, комикс «Мальчуган» This publication is dedicated to the Japanese language textbook for foreigners published in Tokyo in 2011 and based on the story of the outstanding Japanese writer Soseki Natsume “Botchan”, which is presented in the textbook in the form of a comic strip. The article gives a brief overview of the Japanese language textbooks compiled in the form of comics. The author describes the main parameters of the above-mentioned textbook, its structure, content and applications, as well as vocabulary, hieroglyphics and grammar, the exercise system, and the Internet-related textbook resources. The creation of an educational comic strip on the basis of an outstanding work of Japanese literature seems to us extremely fruitful, since the educational process is enriched with aesthetic elements. Drawings provide important keys for understanding the text, and the content of a literary masterpiece gives us rich topics for various types of communication in the classroom. The described textbook contains wonderful material for teaching Japanese at intermediate and advanced levels. It introduces students to the history of Japanese culture and stimulates interest in the study of Japanese literature. teaching Japanese language, masterpieces of educational literature, comic book genre in teaching a foreign language, comic book “Botchan”

Old and Middle Japanese

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarke Frellesvig
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Language ◽  
Complex Predicates ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Differential Object Marking ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
System P ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
History Of ◽  
Object Marking ◽  
Pronominal System

Old and Middle Japanese are the pre-modern periods of the attested history of the Japanese language. Old Japanese (OJ) is largely the language of the 8th century, with a modest, but still significant number of written sources, most of which is poetry. Middle Japanese is divided into two distinct periods, Early Middle Japanese (EMJ, 800–1200) and Late Middle Japanese (LMJ, 1200–1600). EMJ saw most of the significant sound changes that took place in the language, as well as profound influence from Chinese, whereas most grammatical changes took place between the end of EMJ and the end of LMJ. By the end of LMJ, the Japanese language had reached a form that is not significantly different from present-day Japanese. OJ phonology was simple, both in terms of phoneme inventory and syllable structure, with a total of only 88 different syllables. In EMJ, the language became quantity sensitive, with the introduction of a long versus short syllables. OJ and EMJ had obligatory verb inflection for a number of modal and syntactic categories (including an important distinction between a conclusive and an (ad)nominalizing form), whereas the expression of aspect and tense was optional. Through late EMJ and LMJ this system changed completely to one without nominalizing inflection, but obligatory inflection for tense. The morphological pronominal system of OJ was lost in EMJ, which developed a range of lexical and lexically based terms of speaker and hearer reference. OJ had a two-way (speaker–nonspeaker) demonstrative system, which in EMJ was replaced by a three-way (proximal–mesial–distal) system. OJ had a system of differential object marking, based on specificity, as well as a word order rule that placed accusative marked objects before most subjects; both of these features were lost in EMJ. OJ and EMJ had genitive subject marking in subordinate clauses and in focused, interrogative and exclamative main clauses, but no case marking of subjects in declarative, optative, or imperative main clauses and no nominative marker. Through LMJ genitive subject marking was gradually circumscribed and a nominative case particle was acquired which could mark subjects in all types of clauses. OJ had a well-developed system of complex predicates, in which two verbs jointly formed the predicate of a single clause, which is the source of the LMJ and NJ (Modern Japanese) verb–verb compound complex predicates. OJ and EMJ also had mono-clausal focus constructions that functionally were similar to clefts in English; these constructions were lost in LMJ.

The History of the Japanese Particle “ I ”

1930 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-895
Author(s):  
S. Yoshitake
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
History Of

The Japanese language contains a number of words that are pronounced differently when standing in the attributive position. The following is a list of such words, taken mainly from the literary monuments of the eighth century A.D.1(1) e:a. ame heaven, sky: ama-hire (sky—shawl) cloud. ame rain: ama-giri2 (rain—mist) rainy mist. fune ship: funa-de ( < *funa-ide ship—departure) departure of a ship. ine rice-plant: ina-muširo (rice plant—mat) a pillow-word used for qualifying šiki (dense, heavy, frequent) and kaha (river) which are homonymous with šiki (to spread) and kaha (skin).

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