Late Pleistocene Subsistence Strategies in Island Southeast Asia and Their Implications for Understanding the Development of Modern Human Behaviour

Author(s):  
Philip J. Piper ◽  
Ryan J. Rabett
Antiquity ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (313) ◽  
pp. 523-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue O'Connor

New dates by which modern humans reached East Timor prompts this very useful update of the colonisation of Island Southeast Asia. The author addresses all the difficult questions: why are the dates for modern humans in Australia earlier than they are in Island Southeast Asia? Which route did they use to get there? If they used the southern route, why or how did they manage to bypass Flores, whereHomo floresiensis, the famous non-sapienshominin known to the world as the ‘hobbit’ was already in residence? New work at the rock shelter of Jerimalai suggests some answers and new research directions.


Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (342) ◽  
pp. 1050-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S.C. Taçon ◽  
Noel Hidalgo Tan ◽  
Sue O’Connor ◽  
Ji Xueping ◽  
Li Gang ◽  
...  

The rock art of Southeast Asia has been less thoroughly studied than that of Europe or Australia, and it has generally been considered to be more recent in origin. New dating evidence from Mainland and Island Southeast Asia, however, demonstrates that the earliest motifs (hand stencils and naturalistic animals) are of late Pleistocene age and as early as those of Europe. The similar form of the earliest painted motifs in Europe, Africa and Southeast Asia suggests that they are the product of a shared underlying behaviour, but the difference in context (rockshelters) indicates that experiences in deep caves cannot have been their inspiration.


AMERTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Truman Simanjuntak

Abstract. The Life of Early Modern Human in Indonesia: A Preliminary Synthesis. The Late Pleistocene period or, in broader sense, the second half of the Upper Pleistocene, was in general related to the emergence and development of Early Modern Human (EMH) in Indonesia. Archaeological evidences have more or less confirmed their existence - with records of their unique behavior - within the period. In spite of the still obscure date of their initial occupation, the available radiometry dating reveals that this early Homo sapiens had inhabited Indonesia, and Southeast Asia in general, at least since ca. 45 kya up to the end of the Ice Age. Some of the most prominent behavior phenomena, which distinct modern human to early men's behavior who inhabited Indonesia since millions of years previously, are: (I) exploitation of wider geographical area within the archipelago; (2) change of activity orientation from open-air areas to natural niches, such as caves and rock shelters; (3) development of lithic technology that produced flake tools, replacing the chopper/chopping tool groups; and (4) more advanced and diverse systems of subsistence with more varied animals to hunt. The entire phenomena of behavior are the main focus of this paper. Abstrak. Rentang waktu Plestosen Akhir atau paruh kedua Plestosen Atas pada umumnya merupakan periode yang mengait dengan kemunculan dan perkembangan Manusia Modern Awal (MMA) di Indonesia. Bukti-bukti arkeologi sedikit banyaknya telah meyakinkan keberadaannya, berikut rekaman perilakunya yang khas, dalam periode tersebut. Terlepas dari pertanggalan kolonisasi awal yang belum diketahui pasti dari manusia modern awal ini, pertanggalan radiometri yang tersedia menampakkan bahwa mereka telah menghuni Indonesia, dan Asia Tenggara pada umumnya, paling tidak sejak sekitar 45 ribu tahun lalu hingga akhir kala Plestosen.Beberapa fenomena perilaku yang paling menonjol, yang membedakannya dari perilaku manusia purba yang mendiami Indonesia sejak jutaan tahun sebelumnya, adalah: (1) ekploitasi geografi yang semakin luas di kepulauan; (2) perubahan lokasi hunian dari bentang alam terbuka ke relung-relung alam seperti gua dan ceruk; (3) pengembangan teknologi litik yang menghasilkan alat-alat serpih menggantikan alat-alat yang tergolong kelompok kapak perimbas/penetak; dan (4) sistem mata pencaharian yang lebih maju dan beragam dengan eksploitasi lingkungan (flora dan fauna) yang lebih bervariasi. Keseluruhan fenomena perilaku tersebut akan menjadi pokok bahasan tulisan ini.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Marwick

Jerimalai is a rock shelter in East Timor with cultural remains dated to 42,000 years ago, making it one of the oldest known sites of modern human activity in island Southeast Asia. It has special global significance for its record of early pelagic fishing and ancient shell fish hooks. It is also of regional significance for its early occupation and comparatively large assemblage of Pleistocene stone artefacts. Three major findings arise from our study of the stone artefacts. First, there is little change in lithic technology over the 42,000 year sequence, with the most noticeable change being the addition of new artefact types and raw materials in the mid-Holocene. Second, the assemblage is dominated by small chert cores and implements rather than pebble toolsand choppers, a pattern we argue is common in island SE Asian sites as opposed to mainland SE Asian sites. Third, the Jerimalai assemblage bears a striking resemblance to the assemblage from Liang Bua, argued by the Liang Bua excavation team to be associated with Homo floresiensis. We argue that the near proximity of these two islands along the Indonesian Island chain (c.100km apart), the long antiquity of modern human occupation in the region (as documented at Jerimalai), and the strong resemblance of distinctive flake stone technologies seen at both sites, raises the intriguing possibility that both the Liang Bua and Jerimalai assemblages were created by modern humans.


2019 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 102638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofía C. Samper Carro ◽  
Felicity Gilbert ◽  
David Bulbeck ◽  
Sue O'Connor ◽  
Julien Louys ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 103075
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bourgon ◽  
Klervia Jaouen ◽  
Anne-Marie Bacon ◽  
Elise Dufour ◽  
Jeremy McCormack ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João C. Teixeira ◽  
Guy S. Jacobs ◽  
Chris Stringer ◽  
Jonathan Tuke ◽  
Georgi Hudjashov ◽  
...  

AbstractThe hominin fossil record of Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) indicates that at least two endemic ‘super-archaic’ species – Homo luzonensis and H. floresiensis – were present around the time anatomically modern humans (AMH) arrived in the region >50,000 years ago. Contemporary human populations carry signals consistent with interbreeding events with Denisovans in ISEA – a species that is thought to be more closely related to AMH than the super-archaic endemic ISEA hominins. To query this disparity between fossil and genetic evidence, we performed a comprehensive search for super-archaic introgression in >400 modern human genomes. Our results corroborate widespread Denisovan ancestry in ISEA populations but fail to detect any super-archaic admixture signals. By highlighting local megafaunal survival east of the Wallace Line as a potential signature of deep, pre-H. sapiens hominin-faunal interaction, we propose that this understudied region may hold the key to unlocking significant chapters in Denisovan prehistory.


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