scholarly journals Indiscriminate covers of infinite translation surfaces are innocent, not devious

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 2071-2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. PATRICK HOOPER ◽  
RODRIGO TREVIÑO
Keyword(s):  
Topological Type ◽  
Translation Surfaces ◽  
Finite Area ◽  
Infinite Type ◽  
Ergodic Properties ◽  
Finite Covers ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Line Flow ◽  
Natural Notion ◽  
The Relationship

We consider the interaction between passing to finite covers and ergodic properties of the straight-line flow on finite-area translation surfaces with infinite topological type. Infinite type provides for a rich family of degree-$d$ covers for any integer $d>1$. We give examples which demonstrate that passing to a finite cover can destroy ergodicity, but we also provide evidence that this phenomenon is rare. We define a natural notion of a random degree $d$ cover and show that, in many cases, ergodicity and unique ergodicity are preserved under passing to random covers. This work provides a new context for exploring the relationship between recurrence of the Teichmüller flow and ergodic properties of the straight-line flow.

Instantaneous venous return curves in an intact canine preparation

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Pinsky
Keyword(s):  
Venous Return ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Negative Slope ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Mean Systemic Pressure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stop Flow

The relationship between right atrial pressure (Pra) and venous return describes a venous return curve. Because changes in venous return and right ventricular stroke volume (SVRV) are similar during small tidal volume (VT) breathing, we compared the relationship of SVRV and Pra during positive-pressure ventilation (VT less than 10 ml/kg) in 17 pentobarbital-anesthetized, closed-chest, canine preparations. The SVRV-Pra relationship describes a straight line with a negative slope and a positive mean systemic pressure (Pms)-zero flow intercept (instantaneous Pms). Instantaneous Pms is similar to ventricular fibrillation-induced (stop-flow) Pms (8.1 +/- 0.8 vs. 8.4 +/- 0.7 mmHg, mean +/- SE). With volume infusion, both instantaneous and stop-flow Pms increase to a similar degree (R = 0.9014, P less than 0.001). The effect of opening an arteriovenous fistula is time dependent and variable between dogs, but by 30 s it is associated with an increase in instantaneous Pms (5.2 +/- 3.2 mmHg). Vascular compliance determined by adding and removing blood from the intravascular space displays a curvilinear hysteresis. The instantaneous venous return curve is affected by intravascular blood volume, vasomotor tone, and resistance to venous return. The relationship between SVRV and Pra during small VT breathing define instantaneous venous return curves similar to those described using right-heart bypass preparations.

Depreciation and Replacement Cost

1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Ramesh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Technique ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Replacement Cost ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Depreciation Allowance ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Business Income ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depreciation Methods

The sharp rise in prices in recent years has stirred up a brisk debate on the meaning and measurement of business income. In computing income, costs of labour and material are generally reflected in current prices, but the provision made for depreciation is generally not sufficient to replace fixed assets. This paper investigates various approaches to the oroblem of providing sufficient depreciation allowance in measuring income. The relationship between written down value and the straight line inflation adjusted method of providing depreciation has been examined. Simulation technique has been used to illustrate the problem and pertinent policy implications of the use of various depreciation methods have been highlighted.

Relationship Between Running Velocity of 2 Distances and Various Lactate Parameters

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charilaos Papadopoulos ◽  
J. Andrew Doyle ◽  
Brian D. LaBudde
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trained Runners

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between various lactate-threshold (LT) definitions and the average running velocity during a 10-km and a 21.1-km time trial (TT).Methods:Thirteen well-trained runners completed an incremental maximal exercise test, a 10-km TT, and a 21.1-km TT on a motorized treadmill. Blood samples were collected through a venous catheter placed in an antecubital vein. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between the running velocity at the different LT definitions and the average running velocity during each TT. A dependent t test was used to determine statistical differences for the mean lactate response between the 2 running distances.Results:The LTDmax, the point on the regression curve that yielded the maximal perpendicular distance to the straight line formed by the 2 endpoints, was the LT definition with the highest correlation for both 10-km (r = .844) and 21.1-km TTs (r = .783). The velocity at the LTDmax was not, however, the velocity closest to the performance velocity for either distance. The mean running velocity at each LT was significantly different and tended to overestimate the mean TT performance velocities. The mean lactate concentration during the 10-km TT (3.52 ± 1.58 mmol) was significantly higher than during the 21.1-km TT (1.86 ± 0.90 mmol).Conclusion:These results indicate that a single LT point cannot be reliably associated with different running distances. Furthermore, these data suggest that a different methodology for estimating the LT that considers individual responses might be required for different running distances.

Outcomes of One straight-line flow with and without pedal arch in patients with critical limb ischemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Higashimori ◽  
Osamu Iida ◽  
Yasutaka Yamauchi ◽  
Daizo Kawasaki ◽  
Masato Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Limb Ischemia ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Line Flow

Motion feasibility of a wheeled vehicle with a steering angle limit

Robotica ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongji Wang ◽  
J.A. Linnett ◽  
J.W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Feasibility Problem ◽  
Deviation Angle ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Wheeled Vehicle ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYIn the problem of automatically controlling a wheeled vehicle so that a given reference point on the vehicle follows a prescribed path, several factors determine how the task can be accomplished; they are the shape of the path, the initial orientation angle, the steering angle limit and the position of the reference point on the vehicle. If the required steering angle exceeds the limit set by the steering mechanism or the required orientation angle is discontinuous at any point along the path, then the path cannot be followed. This paper investigates this motion feasibility problem, taking steering angle limit into consideration. First of all, we determine the dependence of the continuity of the orientation angle, steering angle and their derivatives on the continuity of the reference path and its derivatives, then discuss .the relationship between the steering angle limit and the feasible deviation angle intervals. Furthermore, we analyze in detail two typical motions, namely straight line motion and circular motion; some simulation results have been given based on a practical vehicle dimension.

Changing challenges and paradigms

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-285
Author(s):  
Donald E Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Biological Modeling ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Dose Responses ◽  
The Relationship

Change comes as a surprise because things do not happen in a straight line. Concepts often evolve haphazardly, reacting to specific events. Assumptions are made but are not challenged, sometimes for political or social expedience. It has long been recognized that the dose makes the poison. Concepts of the relationship evolved from both events and the availability of exploratory tools. There are consequences to risk aversion. The general concept of hormesis is perhaps not unexpected. The acceptance of multiphasic dose-responses has the potential to unleash additional and productive insights into this relationship. The activities of BELLE and its Newsletter provide an excellent example of what can be achieved when dogmas are challenged by the accrual of information that has not been previously examined to see whether additional insights are possible. A forthcoming challenge will be the critical examination of all the inputs and assumptions that will be used in the increasing sophistication of biological modeling.

scholarly journals Acceptance of Increasing the Productivity of Spring Barley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Ryabtseva ◽  
Aleksey Avdeenko ◽  
Svetlana Avdeenko ◽  
Igor Fetyukhin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Plant ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this research was to develop a model of productive agrocenoses of spring barley through the application of the growth regulators Biroduks, Vitazim, Emistim and Ribav-Extra. Spraying the plants with the growth regulators led to better growth and the development of leaf blades: the leaf area on one plant increased 1.2-1.74 times. The activation of photosynthetic activity using biological products was established. The most developed assimilation apparatus of the plant was developed under the drug Emistim: the leaf area was 69.224 m2 / ha. The weight of 1000 grains was at its maximum under the influence of Emistim (45.9 g). Less heavy grain was formed by crops under the influence of the Biroduks preparation (45.7 g). In version three, the weight of 1000 grains exceeded the control by 1.9 g. In version five, the increase was 1.4 g. The relationship between the mass of 1000 grains, productive bushiness and yield was a weak straight line (r = 0.19 and r = 0.16, respectively). The increase in yield depended to a greater extent on the number of preserved plants for harvesting (r = 0.98) than on the mass of the grain, the bushiness or the number of grains in the ear. The minimum biological yield was obtained in the control variant and the maximum was with the drug Emistim. Reliability at a 95% significance level was noted on all options. The positive impact on overcoming stressful effects during the growing season of spring barley was most effective when using the drug Emistim. Keywords: spring barley, plant growth regulator, efficiency

scholarly journals Neuroendoscope in Aneurysm Surgeries

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Yoko Kato ◽  
Abhishek Agrawal ◽  
Hirotoshi Sano ◽  
Takeya Watabe ◽  
Shinya Nagahisha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parent Artery ◽  
Simultaneous Observation ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Brain Retraction ◽  
Ocular System ◽  
Anatomical Information ◽  
The Relationship

Even with the use of most sophisticated microscope sometimes the relationship between the aneurysm and the adjacent structures are not clearly defined. The straight line of view by microscope results in inadequate visualization of structures that lie immediately behind other structures like the neck, branches or perforators of the aneurysm. Hence exposure of these structures may require risky retraction either of the parent artery or the aneurysm itself, which can be overcome by clear anatomical information obtained by the use of endoscope instead of attempting extensive manipulation under the microscope. The endoscope permits close up, wide angled views of regional anatomic features and verification of the optimal clip position. Visual conformation of regional anatomy achieved using the rigid endoscope provides valuable information for subsequent microsurgical procedures and enhances the safety and reliability. Endoscopic-assisted microsurgery is an exceptional aid and using the PIP (picture-in picture) technology, simultaneous observation of microscope and endoscopic images can be viewed through the ocular system of microscope. The advantages of neuroendoscope include the ability to look around corners and behind obstructions. With less brain retraction, smaller operative exposures and better visualization, neuroendoscopy may reduce operative morbidity. However the surgeon should be familiar with this technique and be prepared for the inconveniences and risks during the procedure.

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