Effectiveness of Simulation As a Technique vs Traditional Method on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Basic Life Support: An Experimental Study

Instantaneous institution of Basic life Support (BLS) with Cardiovascular Resuscitation is one of the crucial factors in the survival of cardiac arrest patient. However, ability to learn and retain BLS skill remains questionable. The present study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of teaching BLS skills via simulation technique vs. traditional method to B.Sc. Nursing students and BPT 1st year students of SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram. The investigator prepared the list of all the students from first year B.Sc. Nursing and BPT first year and from that, the investigator selected the samples using simple random probability sampling technique. Before going ahead with data collection, a written consent was taken from the students regarding their willingness to participate in the research study. Then data regarding socio demographic variables was collected followed by a pre -test using knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist. On experimental group, simulation technique was used to teach BLS and control group learnt BLS in traditional way. After 7 days post-test was taken to assess the change in knowledge and practice regarding BLS. Mean post-test knowledge score for experimental group was high i.e., 18.40 in as compared to pre-test knowledge score of 12.90. Mean practice score for experimental group was high i.e., 10.00 as compared to mean pre-test practice score of 4.50. In control group, no significant difference was reported between pre-test and post-test knowledge as well as practice score. This study generates evidence that Simulation is more effective as a technique to teach BLS to student more effective as compared to conventional method.

Fostering achievement and retention in basic science using simulation and demonstration strategies

The study investigated the better strategy to use in fostering achievement and retention in Basic Science considering simulation and demonstration strategies. The study also compared the achievement as well as the retention of female and male students in basic science when exposed to simulation strategy. The research region is Kogi State's Ankpa Education Zone. A multistage sampling strategy was used to choose 120 Basic II students from four schools in the research region. The study used a quasi-experimental design. Data were analyzed using means and standard deviations, while ANCOVA was utilized to test the hypotheses. The study's results indicated that students taught using the simulation technique achieved considerably better mean achievement and retention scores in Basic Science than students taught using the demonstration strategy. Additionally, no significant difference in mean achievement scores between male and female students taught utilizing the simulation teaching technique was discovered. The research demonstrates a substantial difference in the mean retention scores of male and female students in Basic Science who are taught utilizing a simulation technique. Following the findings, it was suggested that Science teachers should use simulation strategy for the teaching of various topics in Basic Science to improve students’ achievement in Basic Science.

Displacement Velocity and Strain Analysis of Opak Fault Monitoring Stations

The Opak Fault is an active fault that can potentially cause earthquakes in Yogyakarta. Periodic monitoring of the Opak Fault activity was previously used more GNSS observation data from the measurement campaign by the Geodesi Geometri dan Geodesi Fisis (GGGF) Laboratory Team, Geodetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada. However, there are several CORS BIG stations located in Yogyakarta. The CORS BIG data is used to increase the precision of the Opak Fault monitoring station. Therefore, the addition of the CORS is evaluated to obtain a displacement in the monitoring station. The computation of the displacement velocity value of the Opak Fault monitoring station has been done before using the Linear Least Square Collocation and grid search methods. The other method, namely the kriging method, needs to be evaluated for producing a more precise displacement velocity value. The research data includes GNSS campaign and CORS BIG data for six years, 2013 to 2020. The CORS stations around DIY are JOGS and CBTL. The GNNS data were processed to determine the solution for the daily coordinate, displacement, and standard deviation values for each Opak Fault monitoring station. The displacement velocity value is generated by the Linear Least Square method then reduced from the influence of the Sunda Block. The velocity value is used in the strain value estimation around the Opak Fault area at each station using the kriging method combined with the gaussian sequential simulation technique. The estimated displacement velocities are examined for statistical significance compared to the research of Adam (2019) and Pinasti (2019). This research generates the value of the displacement velocity in the east and north components of 12.39 to 30.99 mm/year and 1.96 to -14.11 mm/year, respectively. The displacement direction of all monitoring stations is dominant to the southeast. The Sunda Block reduced the displacement velocity. The east and north components are -2.32 to 2.28 mm/year and -0.52 to 4.2 mm/year, respectively. The displacement direction is towards the northwest. The strain estimation using the kriging method combined with the gaussian sequential simulation technique obtained an average strain value of 0.05 microstrain/year. The result of the data processing at each station has different arrow lengths, meaning that each location has a different strain value.

Multi-method Simulation Approach for Software Project Management Training in-process Decision Support System: a Conceptual-operative Framework

Software project management (SPM) is a discipline that comprises of different topics, practice and theories. There are two dimensions in the knowledge of SPM, theoretical or concepts of SPM and; practical or experience of SPM. These two dimensions although grow separately but come across at one point that is experiential knowledge of SPM. To present these dimensions through a proper training, a practitioner needs to have a proper view on SPM process. In this paper we present a new framework for practicing SPM through a distinct simulation technique to bring on an in-process decision support system, supporting the proper training approach. The framework developed based on three different methods of simulation technique, discrete event simulation (DES), system dynamics (SD) and partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP).1

Investigation on the influence of point loads on the deflection behaviour of G+5 frame structure

Nowadays, multi-storey structure portal frames are most commonly used worldwide. Multistory frames are used in structural systems in all metropolitan cities, future cities, and important businesses. The present study the effect of various point loads varying from 22 to 32 kN in steps of 2 were applied on the center of horizontal beams of the frame structure. The deflection behaviour in form of deflection, reaction, beading moments under point loading were discussed analytically according to stiffness matrix method and the results are validated with the help of simulation using STAAD Pro software. Results revealed that the analytical method using manual calculations in excel sheet provides approximately similar results as obtained by the costly simulation technique using STAAD Pro software. Therefore, the implementation of this excel sheet can be recommended for standard analysis of portal frame structures based on the outcomes of this study.

Long-Term Mootral Application Impacts Methane Production and the Microbial Community in the Rumen Simulation Technique System

Methane emissions by ruminants contribute to global warming and result in a loss of dietary energy for the animals. One possibility of reducing methane emissions is by dietary strategies. In the present trial, we investigated the long-term effects of Mootral, a feed additive consisting of garlic powder (Allium sativum) and bitter orange extracts (Citrus aurantium), on fermentation parameters and the microbial community in the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) system. The experiment lasted 38 days and was divided into three phases: an equilibration period of 7 days, a baseline period (BL) of 3 days, and experimental period (EP) of 28 days. Twelve fermentation vessels were divided into three groups (n = 4): control (CON), short-term (ST), and long-term (LT) application. From day 11 to day 27, 1.7 g of Mootral was added to the ST vessels; LT vessels received 1.7 g of Mootral daily for the entire EP. With the onset of Mootral application, methane production was significantly reduced in both groups until day 18. Thereafter, the production rate returned to the initial quantity. Furthermore, the short chain fatty acid fermentation profile was significantly altered by Mootral application; the molar proportion of acetate decreased, while the proportions of propionate and butyrate increased. Metabolomic analysis revealed further changes in metabolite concentrations associated with the Mootral supplementation period. The methyl coenzyme-M reductase gene copy number was reduced in the liquid and solid phase, whereas the treatment did not affect the abundance of bacteria. At the end of the BL, Methanomicrobia was the most abundant archaeal class. Mootral supplementation induced an increase in the relative abundance of Methanomassiliicoccales and a reduction in the relative abundance of Methanomicrobia, however, this effect was transient. Abundances of bacterial families were only marginally altered by the treatment. In conclusion, Mootral has the transient ability to reduce methane production significantly due to a selective effect on archaea numbers and archaeal community composition with little effect on the bacterial community.

150 Effect of Ergot Alkaloids and a Mycotoxin Deactivating Product on in vitro Rumen Fermentation Using the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC)

A rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) investigated effects of ergot alkaloids (E) and a mycotoxin deactivating product (Biomin® AA; B) on nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation, total gas and methane emissions. Fermenters received a finishing diet of 90:10 concentrate:barley silage. Using a randomized complete block design, treatments were assigned (4 vessels/treatment) within two RUSITECs in a 2 × 2 factorial. Treatments included: 1) control diet, 2) control + 1 g B, 3) control + 20 ppm E, and 4) control + 20 ppm E + 1 g B. The study had a 14-d experimental period, with 7-d adaptation and 7-d sample collection. Data were analyzed in SAS using PROC mixed including fixed effects of E, B, and E×B interaction. Random effects included RUSITEC apparatus and cow rumen inoculum (n = 4). Ergot decreased dry matter disappearance (DMD) (P < 0.05; 87.9 vs. 87.2%) and organic matter disappearance (OMD) (P < 0.05; 88.8 vs. 88.4%). Adding B increased OMD (P < 0.05; 88.3 vs. 88.9%) and neutral detergent fiber disappearance (NDFD) (P < 0.01); however, an E×B interaction was observed for NDFD (P < 0.01) with B promoting greater increases with E. Ergot decreased acetate proportions (P < 0.01) and increased isovalerate (P < 0.05). Consequently, acetate:propionate was reduced (P < 0.05) with E. Inclusion of B increased total volatile fatty acids (P < 0.01), and proportions of acetate (P < 0.05) and propionate (P < 0.05), and decreased valerate (P < 0.01), isovalerate (P < 0.01), and caproate (P < 0.01). Treatments did not affect (P ≥ 0.17) ammonia-N, total gas, or methane production (mg/d or mg/g of OM fermented). In conclusion, E reduced OMD and acetate production, but these responses were reversed by the addition of B.