scholarly journals Stationary Soil Steaming to Combat Invasive Plant Species for Soil Relocation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Zahra Bitarafan ◽  
Wiktoria Kaczmarek-Derda ◽  
Lars Olav Brandsæter ◽  
Inger Sundheim Fløistad
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Steam Treatment ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Lupinus Polyphyllus ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Eradication of alien invasive species in the soil with steam as an alternative to chemical fumigation may allow contaminated soil to be reused. We have investigated steam disinfestation of soil to combat invasive plant species in three experiments including different temperatures and exposure durations using a stationary soil steaming prototype device. The experiments included effects on seed germination of Lupinus polyphyllus (LUPPO), Impatiens glandulifera (IPAGL), and Avena fatua (one population from Poland AVEFA(P) and one from Norway AVEFA(N)), as well as effects on sprouting rhizome fragments of Solidago canadensis (SOOCA) and Reynoutria x bohemica (REYBO). In the first experiment (i) we tested four different soil temperatures of 64, 75, 79 and 98°C with an exposure duration of 90 s. In the second and third experiments we tested exposure durations of (ii) 30, 90 and 180 s and (iii) 90, 180 and 540 s, respectively, at 98°C. Seed pre-treatment of 14 days cooling for LUPPO and IPAGL, no seed pre-treatment and 12 h moistening for AVEFA populations, and 5 and 10 cm cutting size for REYBO were applied. Our results showed germination/sprouting was inhibited at 75°C for I. glandulifera (for 90 s) and 98°C for the other species; however, longer exposure duration was needed for L. polyphyllus. While 30 s at 98°C was enough to kill A. fatua seeds and S. canadensis and R. x bohemica rhizome fragments, 180 s exposure duration was needed to kill L. polyphyllus seeds. The results showed promising control levels of invasive plant propagules in contaminated soil by steaming, supporting the steam treatment method as a potential way of soil disinfection to avoid dispersal of invasive species.

scholarly journals Levantamento e mapeamento da ocorrência, identificação de espécies e avaliação de ambientes infestados por plantas invasoras na ilha de São Luís, Maranhão (Survey and mapping of the occurrence, identification of species and evaluation of environments infested by invasive plants in the island of São Luís, Maranhão)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1484
Author(s):  
Claudio Urbano Bittencourt Pinheiro ◽  
Jairo Fernando Pereira Linhares
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Aerial Image ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Natural Habitats

Uma espécie exótica invasora é definida como uma planta estranha que se propaga naturalmente em habitats naturais ou seminaturais, produzindo mudanças na composição, estrutura ou nos processos dos ecossistemas. No Brasil, os registros da dimensão do problema são deficientes, embora várias espécies já sejam consagradas como invasoras. No Maranhão, não havia nenhum estudo sobre espécies vegetais invasoras, embora registros e observações indiquem invasões em variados ambientes. Na ilha de São Luís, a invasão de áreas por um número de espécies tem se tornado aparente, com muitos pontos das áreas dos municípios invadidos por espécies vegetais introduzidas. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal levantar, identificar, quantificar e mapear as espécies invasoras vegetais na ilha de São Luís. Foram localizadas e identificadas cinco espécies invasoras principais que vêm ocupando e modificando ambientes na ilha de São Luís. São elas: 1) Leucena - Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. (Fabaceae); 2) Amendoeira - Terminalia cattapa L. (Combretaceae); 3) Fios de Ouro - Cuscuta racemosa Mart. (Convolvulaceae); 4) Saco de Velho - Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton (Apocynaceae); 5) Acácia Australiana - Acacia mangium Willd. (Fabaceae). Estas cinco espécies invasoras foram localizadas e amostradas em 420 pontos nos quatro municípios da ilha. As áreas invadidas foram amostradas com relação às espécies invasoras e também em relação às espécies acompanhantes principais. Imagem aérea da ilha de São Luís foi utilizada para localizar as formações vegetais e produzir um mapa de distribuição das espécies invasoras na ilha de São Luís.   A B S T R A C TAn alien invasive species is defined as a strange plant that propagates naturally in natural or semi-natural habitats, producing changes in the composition, structure or processes of ecosystems. In Brazil, records of the scale of the problem are deficient, although several species are already known as invasive. In Maranhão there were no studies on invasive plant species, although records and observations indicate invasions in various environments. On the island of São Luís, invasion by a number of species has become apparent, with many areas of the municipalities invaded by introduced plant species. The main objective of this study was to identify, quantify and map the invasive plant species on the island of São Luís. Five main invasive species were located and identified that have been occupying and modifying environments on the island of São Luís: 1) Leucena - Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit. (Fabaceae); 2) Amendoeira - Terminalia cattapa L. (Combretaceae); 3) Fios de Ouro - Cuscuta racemosa Mart. (Convolvulaceae); 4) Saco de Velho - Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton (Apocynaceae); 5) Acacia Australiana - Acacia mangium Willd. (Fabaceae). These five invasive species were located and sampled at 420 sites in the four municipalities of the island. The invaded areas were sampled in relation to the invasive species and also in relation to the main accompanying species. An aerial image of the island of São Luís was used to locate plant formations and to produce a distribution map of the invasive species on the island of São Luís.Keywords: Invasive Species, Sampling, Mapping, São Luís, Maranhão

Composting Invasive Plants in the Rio Grande River

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica J. Meier ◽  
Tina M. Waliczek ◽  
Michael L. Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Giant Reed ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Vegetative Propagules ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of whole-plant composting on the viability of seeds and other propagules of the invasive plant species waterhyacinth, waterlettuce, hydrilla, and giant reed while producing a valuable compost product. Invasive species were subjected to preliminary germination and growth tests and oven mortality tests to evaluate whether species distribution was via seeds, vegetative propagules, or both, as well as whether the composting process had the potential, through the high temperatures obtained, to kill seeds and other propagules. Germination and growth tests determined the means by which invasive species spread. Oven tests determined the temperatures at which unscarified and scarified seeds and propagules were rendered inviable. Achieving temperatures of at least 57.2 C was necessary within constructed compost piles to effectively kill the plants without the danger of redistribution. In the field, the study successfully developed a large-scale composting operation using invasive plant species as the primary feedstock. Analysis of field-scale composting showed final materials were within satisfactory to ideal levels for samples analyzed by the U.S. Compost Council's Seal of Testing Assurance Program and were, therefore, a valuable compost product.

scholarly journals Keragaman dan Pengendalian Tumbuhan Invasif di KHDTK Samboja, Kalimantan Timur (Diversity and Management of Invasive Plants in Samboja Research Forest, Kalimantan Timur)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Bina Swasta Sitepu
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Invasive Plant Species

Historically, and based on the latest conditions, Samboja Research Forest has a fairly high vulnerability to the presence of invasive species that can interfere with ecosystem stability and forest succession. However, data collection and risk assessment of invasive species have not been conducted in the forest area. The study was carried out to support the management of Samboja Research Forest, particularly in controlling invasive species. The study was conducted with exploration techniques in open areas, secondary forests, and primary forests. The density and frequency data of invasive plants were obtained using random plots in secondary and primary forest areas. The results showed the presence of 52 invasive plant species in the Samboja Research Forest area with dominance by shrubs and herbs. Based on plants distribution and density, four crucial invasive plant species in Samboja Research Forest were identified, namely: Acacia mangium, Spathodea campanulata, Miconia crenata, and Piper aduncum. The management of invasive species was carried out in two stages, short term, through manual weeding, and in the long term, with the prevention, eradication, and periodic risk assessment.Keywords: invasive alien species, Kalimantan, eradication, Spathodea campanulata

scholarly journals Distribution of selected invasive plant species in the Romensko-Poltavsky Geobotanical District (Ukraine)

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana S. Dvirna
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Invasive Plant Species

Abstract The paper presents the distribution of 10 selected invasive plant species in Ukraine. The studied taxa comprised 8 invasive and 2 potentially invasive species. All species were characterized in phytogeographical, biological and ecological terms. Their distribution was shown on grid maps.

scholarly journals Green Pioneers: Raising awareness of invasive plants for all ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Bogaerts ◽  
Sofie De Smedt ◽  
Sofie Meeus ◽  
Quentin Groom
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Botanic Garden

When researchers and managers are asked to rank the issues that prevent adequate control of invasive species, lack of public awareness is at the top of the list (Dehnen‐Schmutz et al. 2018). It is therefore imperative to raise the general public's awareness of the potential risks of introducing alien species into the wild. Green Pioneers, a citizen science project funded by the Flemish Government, (Fig. 1) aims to address this issue in Belgium, across age groups. The project aims to Create awareness on invasive species, highlighting how invasions can be avoided and how to mitigate their impact. Improve communication between citizens and scientists on conservation and invasive plant species. Augment the quality and quantity of data on invasive species. Create awareness on invasive species, highlighting how invasions can be avoided and how to mitigate their impact. Improve communication between citizens and scientists on conservation and invasive plant species. Augment the quality and quantity of data on invasive species. The project is developing three kinds of activity, specifically to attract a broad demographic: - 'Young Pioneers', by developing tools for teachers in science, technology, engineering and mathemathics for school children from 12-15 years old. - 'Online Pioneers', through our online citizen science platform DoeDat.be, by helping with the transcription of label information on herbarium specimens, - and 'Visiteers', by inviting companies and working age people to help us in the collection and to inform them about invasive species. Finally, we will be organizing a BioBlitz in spring 2020 at Meise Botanic Garden where we will celebrate plants and all our Green Pioneers, while also spreading the message of invasive plant awareness. During our 48 hour BioBlitz, scientists, volunteers and citizens are workig together to survey the biodiversity of our Botanic Garden. Ultimately, Green Pioneers aim to encourage recording of alien species by amateur botanists and create a generation of responsible gardeners who understand the consequences of releasing invasive alien plants into the wild.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF INVASIVE SPECIES (CRASSULACEAE) IN THE DAUGAVPILS CITY (LATVIA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Santa Rutkovska ◽  
Ingūna Zeiļa
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Species Protection ◽  
The World

The problem of invasive plant species is becoming more popular all over the world. The peculiarities of alien plant species is also growing in Latvia every year. Invasive species are the serious problem for natural ecosystem and species protection, in traditional landscape visual conservation as well it shows noticeable economical reducing in farming. Existing flora and its structure was as appearing in approximately 10 000-15 000 years after the last examining. It is still developing, quantitative and qualitative plant changes continue to grow in flora. That has an influence on natural narrowing, distribution and species changes. In Latvia, as well in such city as Daugavpils, such questions as alien plant growing were examined only in some fragments. An alien plant growing was analyzed. The following facts are found the biggest plant concentration is noticed in dry and sunny places well near the artificial plant areas.

scholarly journals Invazivne biljke kalničkih šuma

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
Gabrijel Horvat ◽  
Jozo Franjić
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Forest Lands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acacia Tree

This paper presents an invasive plant species that occur in the forests of Kalnik. It also presents the state of the distribution and their impact on forests of Kalnik. A total of 14 invasive species in the forests of Kalnik and these are – Acer negundo L., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Amorpha fruticosa L., Asclepias syriaca L., Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist, Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. et Gray, Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers., Impatiens glandulifera Royle, Juncus tenuis Willd.), Phytolacca americana L., Reynoutria japonica Houtt., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Solidago gigantea Aiton. Alochtonous vegetation is not only inevitable, but it also appears to be a constant future challenge in the globalizing world which communicates on all levels with every means possible. Its influence should not by any means be marginalized. Its importance and influence is not completely negative and there are possible benefits and dangers which should be controlled by the preventive measures and physical regulation. The most important species in Kalnik forest vegetation is definitely acacia. It is especially important for private forest lands where acacia tree has become very popular because of its characteristics as a fast growing tree species without any special requirements with relation to growth and it gives fast results concerning timber and firewood. Private lots are usually very small and fragmented. There is a growing need for timber, therefore the trees are grown extensively, from stumps and roots. Other woody species still do not pose a serious threat in economical or biological sense. The impact of herbaceous plants differs in various areas. The most problematic issues for the forestersare thick layers of unwanted specieswhich grow in young forest stands or in forests in the phase of restorationwhere these unwanted speciesinvasively compete with autochthonous species. In biological sense, invasive species pose a constant threat not only to domestic vegetation and biodiversity, but also to human health. We should also mention apiculture, a very important and well developed activity on Kalnik. Above mentioned species are very important and interesting for apiculture as a type of rich bee pasturage. Apiculture in this area depends on acacia pasturage and it is one of very important reasons for growing acacia tree. Other tree species are also valuable for bee pasturage, especially late in autumn when there is no other bee pasturage available and they are mostly species which blossom in autumn and represent a valuable source of pollen (Japanese Knotweed, Prickly cucumber and European goldenrod). Generally speaking, the biggest responsibility for possible consequences of invasive plant species to the vegetation of Kalnik lies on foresters who have to recognize and monitor the appearance of invasive species, especially in state forest lands where they grow and directly influence their composition and state.

Factors responsible for the distribution of invasive plant species in the surroundings of railway areas. A case study from SE Poland

Biologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wrzesień ◽  
Bożena Denisow
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
Invasive Flora ◽  
Geographical Regions

AbstractInvasive plant species are a growing concern in global biodiversity management. In this study, we tried to determine whether invasive plants could spread from railway track into the surrounding areas and focused on the factors responsible for the invasive plant species composition, richness, and abundance. We sampled invasive species along transects located outside a railway route and recorded the invasive species richness and abundance at a distance of < 5 (control), 5–10, 10–15, and > 15 m away from the railway edge in three geographical regions in SE Poland. We revealed that the mechanism allowing alien species to invade was complex. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) explained 30.9% of variance. On a regional scale, the invasive flora composition in the surroundings of railway habitats was determined by abiotic environment diversity (mean annual air temperature, mean annual precipitation), but not habitat-related factors (soil type, soil properties). On a spatial scale, the traffic volume, the distance from the railway area, the distance from build-up areas, and the interaction of these factors affect the invasive species composition away from railway areas. The invasive species spread from railways to the surrounding vegetation, therefore, regular monitoring of railway areas should be a framework for assessing the risk of invasive species.

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