scholarly journals Prescribing Sound: Willem Van de Wall and the Carceral Origins of American Music Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
J. Martin Vest
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
American Music ◽  
World War ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Psychiatric Institutions ◽  
Class Hierarchies ◽  
Bourgeois Modernity

From 1921 until 1936, musician Willem Van de Wall pioneered the modern use of therapeutic music in American prisons and psychiatric institutions. His therapy was steeped in the methods and philosophy of social control, and after World War II, it shaped the professionalizing field of music therapy. Van de Wall's influence reveals an overlooked connection between modern clinical practice and the techniques of control employed in prisons and psychiatric hospitals of the early twentieth century. Given music therapy's broader impact as an element of postwar self-help culture, its relationship to social control practices also disrupts longstanding scholarly ideas about the so-called “therapeutic ethos.” The therapeutic ethos did not originate solely in efforts by the middle classes to adjust to bourgeois modernity. The case of music therapy suggests that some elements of “therapeutic culture” were always coercive and always directed toward the maintenance of race, gender, and class hierarchies.

Resources of American Music History: A Directory of Source Materials from Colonial Times to World War II

Notes ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Richard Jackson ◽  
D. W. Krummel ◽  
Jean Geil ◽  
Doris J. Dyen ◽  
Deane L. Root
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Music History ◽  
American Music ◽  
World War ◽  
Source Materials

Social Control and the Volksschule in Vormärz Prussia

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Barkin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Economic History ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
German History ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pre World War Ii

The ascension to power and twelve-year rule of National Socialism has had an enormous and continuing impact on the writing of German history. Since the early fifties, the leitmotiv of scholarship has been the search for the origins of Nazi successes in the peculiarities of Germany's or rather Prussia's history in the nineteenth century. Even with the emergence of social and economic history in the late sixties, the task of unearthing National Socialism's roots remained unchanged, although the tools altered and a more sophisticated strategy was adopted. A pervasive tendency developed to view all contemporary institutions as props of the authoritarian Prussian regime. Whereas pre–World War II scholarship glorified the Prussian past uncritically, the past two decades have witnessed across-the-board condemnation.

scholarly journals Science and social control: the institutionalist movement in American economics, 1918-1947

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
World War ◽  
Key Participants ◽  
New Instruments

This paper deals with the concepts of science and social control to be found within interwar institutional economics. It is argued that these were central parts of the institutionalist approach to economics as the key participants in the movement defined it. For institutionalists, science was defined as empirical, investigational, experimental, and instrumental. Social control was defined in terms of the development of new instruments for the control of business to supplement the market mechanism. The concepts of science and social control were joined via John Dewey's pragmatic and instrumental philosophy. These ideas provided important links to the ideals of foundations, such as Rockefeller, and thus to access to research funding. Institutionalist concepts of science and social control were, however, displaced after World War II by Keynesian policy and positivist ideas of scientific methodology.

scholarly journals Fact Sheet of Music Therapy in Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rika Ikuno
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
World War ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
History Of ◽  
Therapy Development ◽  
Japanese Music

Brief History of Japanese Music Therapy Development after World War II

Latin/Pan-American Music

2020 ◽  
pp. 172-192
Author(s):  
Pablo Palomino
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Music ◽  
World War ◽  
Latin American Music ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Charles Seeger ◽  
Latin Americanism

This chapter explains the pan-American absorption of Latin Americanism during World War II and the inception of the “world music” discourse that led to the creation of UNESCO. It focuses on the work of Charles Seeger as director of the Pan American Union’s Music Division from the years leading to the United States entry into the war to the immediate postwar years. The chapter analyzes a host of actors and initiatives, by the Pan American Union and other music-related associations, that influenced the consolidation of Latin American music and inter-Americanism as fields of musicological and educational practice. It illuminates the place of Latin American music in the convergence of nationalist traditions, hemispheric rhetoric, and global horizons among musicological and diplomatic actors as World War II came to an end.

Conditions of life and death of psychiatric patients in France during World War II: euthanasia or collateral casualties?

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Lemoine ◽  
Stephen M. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Black Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
World War ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Other Hand

Between 1940 and 1944, an estimated 48,588 patients resident in French psychiatric hospitals died of starvation. Standard prisons, while facing similar problems, did not experience the same number of deaths by starvation, partly due to their ability to develop a black market for food and rations. Patients in psychiatric hospitals, on the other hand, were completely at the mercy of their doctors and the personnel in charge. At Hôpital du Vinatier, a psychiatric facility in Lyon, the mortality rate increased sharply from 1940 to 1944. In 1942, the worst year, 42% of patients died of hunger and exposure. In the end, more than 2,000 patients died at Vinatier. Was this due to a supposed lack of rations, or was it something more sinister? In Germany at the same time, tens of thousands of psychiatric patients died of purposeful starvation in psychiatric hospitals as part of the Nazi program of psychiatric euthanasia. Was the same thing occurring in Lyon?

The Informal Social Control of Business in Britain: 1880–1939

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Boswell
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Informal Social Control ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public

Professor Boswell here discusses how informal social control was exercised over business conduct in the six decades from 1880 to World War II. He seeks to explain why some firms were more responsive to the public than others.

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