Theory of mind in adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia: correlations with clinical assessment and executive functions

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumaya Bourgou ◽  
Soumeyya Halayem ◽  
Isabelle Amado ◽  
Racha Triki ◽  
Marie Chantal Bourdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Directed Movement ◽  
Random Movement ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

ObjectiveWe examined Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities in adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) and their correlation with clinical findings and Executive Functions (EF).MethodsThe ToM abilities of 12 adolescents with EOS were compared with those of healthy participants matched in age and educational level. The Moving Shapes Paradigm was used to explore ToM abilities in three modalities: random movement, goal-directed movement and ToM – scored on the dimensions of intentionality, appropriateness and length of each answer. EF was tested using Davidson’s Battery and the clinical psychopathology with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).ResultsAdolescents with EOS were significantly more impaired than controls in the three dimensions evaluated for the goal-directed and ToM modalities. Regarding the random movement modality, the only difference was in appropriateness (p<0.01). No correlation with age or level of education was evident for ToM skills. Total PANSS score was negatively correlated with appropriateness score for the goal-directed (p=0.02) and ToM modalities (p=0.01). No correlation existed between performance in the ToM Animated Tasks and positive, negative or disorganisation PANSS subscores. No correlations were found among the three scores in the Moving Shapes Paradigm and any measures of the accuracy of the three tasks assessing EF.ConclusionOur results confirm previous findings of ToM deficits in adult individuals with schizophrenia and attest the severity of these deficits in patients with EOS.

scholarly journals Cerebellar volume in early-onset schizophrenia and its association with severity of symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Özbek ◽  
Nüket Göçmen Mas ◽  
Serkan Turan ◽  
Bari Ay ◽  
Burcu Serim Demirgören ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Global Assessment Scale ◽  
Stereological Method ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
General Functioning ◽  
The Right ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) cases differ from controls regarding volumes of the total cerebellum and the right and left cerebellar hemispheres, and volumetric asymmetry. Correlations of cerebellar volumes and asymmetry indices with severity of symptoms and general functioning in cases of EOS were also assessed. Methods Adolescents with EOS (n = 23) were compared with controls (n = 23). Sociodemographic and clinical data, and magnetic resonance imaging scans that were acquired for routine clinical purposes were collected retrospectively. Cerebellar volumes were evaluated using the stereological method. Asymmetry indices were subsequently calculated. Scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Children’s Global Assessment Scale were used to assess the severity of symptoms and general functionality. Results There were no significant differences in any of the cerebellar volumes and asymmetry indices between the two groups. Neither cerebellar volumes nor asymmetry indices were correlated with the severity of symptoms and general functionality in EOS. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the early-onset form of schizophrenia does not show apparent volumetric changes of the cerebellum. Additionally, the neural circuits involved in formation of symptomatology may not reflect any correlation with cerebellar volumes at mid-adolescence.

scholarly journals Deficient maturation of aspects of attention and executive functions in early onset schizophrenia

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 773-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Richardt M. Jepsen ◽  
Birgitte Fagerlund ◽  
Anne Katrine Pagsberg ◽  
Anne Marie R. Christensen ◽  
Merete Nordentoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia

Processing speed and executive functions predict real-world everyday living skills in adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Puig ◽  
R. Penadés ◽  
I. Baeza ◽  
V. Sánchez-Gistau ◽  
E. De la Serna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Real World ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Living Skills ◽  
Everyday Living

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Different Aspects of Theory of Mind and Symptom Clusters in Psychotic Disorders: Deconstructing Theory of Mind Into Cognitive, Affective, and Hyper Theory of Mind

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M.-L. Dorn ◽  
Nele Struck ◽  
Florian Bitsch ◽  
Irina Falkenberg ◽  
Tilo Kircher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Minimum Score ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Background: Several meta-analyses highlight pronounced problems in general Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to infer other persons' mental states, in patients with psychosis in comparison to non-clinical controls. In addition, first studies suggest associations between Hyper-ToM, an exaggerated inference of mental states to others, and delusions. Research on different ToM subtypes (Cognitive ToM, Affective ToM, and Hyper-ToM) and symptom clusters of psychosis (positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms) have gathered conflicting findings. Thus, the present study examined group differences between patients with psychosis and non-clinical controls concerning Cognitive ToM/Affective ToM and Hyper-ToM. Further, the association between ToM subtypes and symptom clusters (positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms) were examined.Methods: Patients with psychotic disorders (n = 64, 1/3 with present delusions indicated by a minimum score of four in the PANSS P1 item) and non-clinical controls (n = 21) were examined with assessments of Cognitive ToM and Affective ToM abilities and Hyper-ToM errors using the Frith-Happé animations. Psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.Results: Patients with psychosis presented more pronounced problems in Cognitive and Affective ToM in comparison to non-clinical controls, whereas there were no group differences with regard to Hyper-ToM errors. Furthermore, deficits in Cognitive ToM were associated with general delusions, whereas problems in Affective ToM were associated with negative and disorganized symptoms. In addition, there was no association between Hyper-ToM errors and any symptoms when controlling for years of education.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that deficits in ToM subtypes might not be directly related to delusions and positive symptoms and are in line with more recently developed cognitive models of delusions. In addition, our results support the well-established finding of associations between ToM alterations and negative or disorganized symptoms. Our results shed light on the role of different dimensions of ToM in specific symptoms of psychosis.

Theory of mind in early onset schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. S239
Author(s):  
S. Bourgou ◽  
S. Halayem-Dhouib ◽  
A. Bouden ◽  
I. Amado ◽  
M.B. Halayem
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia

Reunifying autism and early-onset schizophrenia in terms of social communication disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Tordjman
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Communication Impairments ◽  
Negative Syndrome

AbstractAutism and early-onset schizophrenia share common dimensions of social communication deficits. The possible role of common genetic factors has to be seriously considered, such as the serotonin transporter gene that influences the severity of social communication impairments (negative symptoms) and hallucinations (positive symptoms). Autism and the negative syndrome of schizophrenia might be at one extreme of a continuum, and paranoid schizophrenia (positive symptoms) at the other extreme.

Dimensions of positive symptoms in late versus early onset psychosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Mason ◽  
Joshua Stott ◽  
Ruth Sweeting
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Early Onset Psychosis ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Negative Syndrome

ABSTRACTBackground: Casenote studies have characterized late onset schizophrenia (LOS) and related psychoses as somewhat different symptomatically from patients with an early onset schizophrenia (EOS). This study examined a range of phenomenological aspects of delusions and hallucinations as well as traditional symptom measures in both groups.Methods: 34 LOS and 235 EOS completed the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales, and the Beck Depression and Anxiety inventories. Subgroups experiencing delusions were compared matching for chronological age and gender, and also when matched for chronicity and gender.Results: Delusions were very common at over 80% in both groups. LOS participants with delusions exhibited greater suspiciousness/paranoia, greater belief-conviction, and reduced insight when compared with the EOS group. These findings remained when matching for chronicity of illness, but disappeared when matching for chronological age. Hallucinations were surprisingly rarer in LOS (35%) than EOS (57%), with half the LOS group reporting whispers rather than clearly audible sounds. In general, anxiety, depression, and distress were as marked in LOS and EOS.Conclusions: Similarities between EOS and LOS far outweighed the differences across a range of symptoms and measures. Greater delusional conviction, paranoia, and poorer insight in LOS were associated with the later age of onset rather than relating to chronicity of illness. As belief-conviction in LOS was not associated with increased grandiosity, disorientation, or unusualness of thought content, as it was in EOS, delusional conviction may be determined somewhat differently later in life.

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