A Gold Ring with Runes from Central Europe

1940 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
E. T. Leeds
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Art Collections ◽  
Great Size ◽  
First Millennium

The collection of continental European and Anglo-Saxon jewellery dating from the second half of the first millennium of our era in the Ashmolean Museum, though of no great size, has for many years been noted for its quality, including, as it does, the fine series of ornaments and rings collected by Sir John Evans and presented in 1908 by Sir Arthur Evans, together with such outstanding pieces as the Alfred Jewel and the Minster Lovel jewel. To these have more recently been added important gold rings, a further gift from Sir Arthur Evans, and the magnificent brooch from Sarre, Kent, purchased in 1934.In the early half of this year an unexpended balance of a grant from the bequest of Mr. George Flood France, allotted by the Visitors of the Museum for the purchase of objects of art, allowed the Department of Antiquities to contemplate the acquisition of yet another important jewel, and by the help of a supplementary grant which the Trustees of the National Art-Collections Fund generously promised to contribute if needed, there has now been added to the collection a gold ring of the finest quality, its interest enhanced by the presence of a runic inscription engraved on the inside of the hoop (pl. L).

scholarly journals Variation in the Continuity of Land-Use Patterns through the First Millennium AD in Lowland Britain

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-154
Author(s):  
Stephen Rippon ◽  
Ralph Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Profound Change ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
First Millennium

AbstractThis paper explores the contribution that palaeoenvironmental evidence, and in particular palynology, is making to our understanding of landscape evolution in Britain during the 1st millenniumAD. This was a period of profound social and economic change including a series of invasions, some associated with a mass folk migration. Archaeologists and historians continue to debate the significance of these events, and palaeoenvironmental evidence is now starting to provide an additional perspective. Key to this has been obtaining pollen sequences, although there remains a need for more evidence from lowland areas, alongside higher resolution sampling and improved dating. It is suggested that although the 1st millenniumADsaw some significant long-term shifts in climate, these are unlikely to have had a significant causal effect on landscape change in lowland areas (both in areas with and without significant Anglo-Saxon immigration). The analysis of pollen data from across Britain shows very marked regional variations in the major land-use types (arable, woodland, improved pasture, and unimproved pasture) throughout the Roman and Early Medieval periods. While Britain ceasing to be part of the Roman empire appears to have led to a decline in the intensity of agriculture, it was the ‘long 8th c.’ (the later 7th to early 9th c.) that saw a more profound change, with a period of investment, innovation, and intensification, including an expansion in arable cultivation.

Slavery in Europe during Antiquity and the First Millennium

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-69
Author(s):  
Stefan Brink
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
First Millennium

In this chapter I give an overview of research on slavery (for some parts) of Western Europe in the first Millennium: The Roman Empire, Francia, Anglo-Saxon England, Ireland and Visigothic Spain. The difficulties of properly defining the legal status—whether free or unfree—for terms such as coloni, villani, bordari, cottari, famulus, servus etc. are discussed, and it is shown that in some areas and during some periods the legal status can differ. This is to serve as a background for our discussion of a Scandinavian slavery.

Did the Anglo-Saxons Play Games of Chance? Some Thoughts on Old English Board Games

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 330-345
Author(s):  
Ian Payne
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Board Games ◽  
Games Of Chance ◽  
First Millennium

H J R Murray, the distinguished board games historian, stated categorically in 1952 that the popular Germanic game of tæfl (more specifically referred to in a ninth- to twelfth-century Norse context as hnefatafl), a game entirely of skill, was the only board game played in Anglo-Saxon England. But Old English literary evidence might pose a challenge to Murray's thesis, and could be taken to suggest that the English also played games of chance (perhaps even tabula, an ancestor of backgammon) in the first millennium AD.

Bronze Age Chariots from Europe

1960 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Anati
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
The South ◽  
Wheeled Vehicle ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

The Oriental origin of the wheeled vehicle has long been recognized. It seems to have originated in Sumer, in the Uruk period, in the first half of the fourth millennium B.C.A rich collection of material, including isolated wheels and other remains of wheeled vehicles, models and pictures representing vehicles, show that wagons and carts had spread to Italy, Eastern and Central Europe, and the south Scandinavian countries by the middle of the second millennium B.C. Although the presence of wheeled vehicles has been claimed in Spain as early as the ‘copper age’ the first datable evidence for them is given there by the Solana de Cabanas stele and other west Spanish stelae that probably belong to the end of the second and the first millennium B.C.

Stage settings for a connected scene. Globalization and material-culture studies in the early first-millennium B.C.E. Mediterranean

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Hodos
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Material Culture Studies ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Diverse Cultures ◽  
Greek World

Miguel John Versluys has produced a stimulating and thought-provoking agenda to reinvigorate study of the Roman world, with its myriad social, political and economic connections between Rome and the diverse cultures and communities that fell within and beyond the boundaries of its empire. He teases out the explicitly anti-colonial nature in recent decades of specifically Anglo-Saxon discussions of Rome and its empire in response to Romanization. He also sets these particular understandings of what it meant to live within that empire in a comparative context with other scholarly traditions that engage with Roman studies. He advocates both globalization theories and material-culture perspectives to reconsider aspects addressed by Romanization as a means of pushing the discussion beyond Romans and Natives, where ultimately it still lingers in the guise of much more recent perspectives, which emphasize imperialism. The critical evaluation of Romanization of the 1990s in the Anglo-Saxon tradition was not a unique process for Anglo-Saxon scholarship engaged in study of colonizing cultures, however. Parallels can be seen in contemporary Anglo-Saxon scholarship of the Greek world as well. Does this mean that the potential Versluys sees for Roman studies in the marriage of globalization and material-culture approaches can apply to Greek studies too?

scholarly journals Implementation of Media Education in Europe - Comparison between Media Education in Different Countries in Western and Central Europe

InterNaciones ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Polakevičová ◽  
Marcel Lincényi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
General Education ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
21St Century ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Media Education ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Anglo Saxon

The first considerations about increasing a person’s media competence aspart of lifelong learning in post-modern society had already appeared inpost-war Europe. International institutions, however, only began paying attention to media education in the 1990’s. At the beginning of the 21st century, the topic of media education has been implemented into the content of general education in most countries of the European Union. In most countries, this topic has been integrated into compulsory subjects, in some countries it is a cross-cutting theme in several subjects, while in some places the increase of media competence is a part of extracurricular education. The situation across countries is differentiated —Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian countries have the longest history and the highest scores in the Union—. The presented research study deals with comparing the implementation of media education in Western and Central Europe.

The Idea of Order

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
The Creation

Richard Bradley investigates the idea of circular buildings - whether houses or public architecture - which, though unfamiliar in the modern West, were a feature of many parts of prehistoric Europe. Why did so many people build circular monuments? Why did they choose to live in circular houses, when other communities rejected them? Why was it that those who preferred to inhabit a world of rectangular dwellings often buried their dead in round mounds and worshipped their gods in circular temples? Why did people who lived in roundhouses decorate their pottery and metalwork with rectilinear motifs, and why was it that the inhabitants of longhouses placed so much emphasis on curvilinear designs? Although their distinctive character has engaged the interest of alternative archaeologists, the significance of circular structures has rarely been discussed in a rigorous manner. The Idea of Order uses archaeological evidence, combined with insights from anthropology, to investigate the creation, use, and ultimate demise of circular architecture in prehistoric Europe. Concerned mainly with the prehistoric period from the origins of farming to the early first millennium AD, but extending to the medieval period, the volume considers the role of circular features from Turkey to the Iberian Peninsula and from Sardinia through Central Europe to Sweden. It places emphasis on the Western Mediterranean and the Atlantic coastline, where circular dwellings were particularly important, and discusses the significance of prehistoric enclosures, fortifications, and burial mounds in regions where longhouse structures were dominant.

Update on the Absolute Chronology of the Migration period in Central Europe (375–568 AD): new data from Maria ponsee, Lower Austria

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1653-1662
Author(s):  
Jakub Kaizer ◽  
Eva Maria Wild ◽  
Peter Stadler ◽  
Maria Teschler-Nicola ◽  
Peter Steier
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Migration Period ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Settlements

ABSTRACTThe Danube region in Central Europe was one of the areas where several cultures appeared before moving further or being defeated during the Migration Period in the middle of the first millennium AD. The Lombards, who crossed the Danube in 505 AD, settled in the “Tullnerfeld” where the Maria Ponsee graveyard was excavated in 1965–1972. From the historical evidence about the temporal and spatial migration of the Lombards, it was concluded that the graveyard was in use between 505 and 568 AD by three groups of migrants. We processed and dated a new set of 23 bones, found in the Maria Ponsee site. The determined 14C dates fit well in the expected time interval, though discrimination between the grave groups could not be obtained. The dates were added to the chronological sequence, recording the Migration Period in Central Europe. The sequence lead to a good correlation of the modelled and historical data (Amodel = 87.6%). The results show differentiations of the respective tribes in the pre-Lombardic period. However, transitions between the Lombard phases were rather ambiguous, indicating that the Lombards set up new settlements while only partially abandoning the already inhabited ones before 546 AD.

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