Adult development in the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Adult Development ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Egg Maturation ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Resulting Condition ◽  
Australian Plague Locust

AbstractIn the field in eastern Australia, adult females of Chortoicetes terminifera (Wlk.) underwent stages of body growth, fat accumulation and then egg maturation. Rainfall, and the resulting condition of the feed, determined the speed of development through the stages. If feed was dry, development was slow and stages could be suppressed; but even with feed that was only ‘dry-green’ locusts grew normally, accumulated fat, and then matured eggs after migration. If lush green pasture occurred following rain on the adults, they persisted and soon began to mature eggs. Thus females oviposit in the area where they hatched only if pastures there are lush green, thus ensuring some food for their offspring.

A revision of the taxonomy of the gennus Daphnia (Crustacea : Daphnidae) in south-eastern Australia

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
PDN Hebert
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Daphnia Carinata ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The taxonomy of Daphnia in south-eastern Australia has been revised on the basis of conventional morphological studies supplemented by electrophoretic analysis. Ten species are recognized; of these five have not previously been described and three others have been treated as forms of Daphnia carinata. Detailed descriptions, with figures of the females of all species and of the males of eight species, are included as well as a key to the adult females. Comment is made on the ecology and distribution of the species and on the zoogeographical relationship of Australian Daphnia.

Lipid accumulation and migratory flight in the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

1981 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Hunter ◽  
L. McCulloch ◽  
D. E. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Migratory Flight ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Australian Plague Locust

AbstractLong distance migration by adults of Chortoicetes terminifera (Wlk.) in Australia was shown to be associated with the accumulation of fat-body lipid. Lipid was accumulated if the plant growth index was 0·3 or more within a week of the final moult; when the plant growth index was less than 0·3, there was little fat accumulation. Locusts with large amounts of fat-body lipid migrated on nights with warm strong winds, while those with little persisted.

Changes in Critical Temperature During Nymphal and Adult Development in the Rabbit Tick, Haemaphysalis Leporispalustris (Acari: Ixodides: Ixodidae)

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
MINH-TAM BUI DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Nutritional State ◽  
Close Correspondence ◽  
Evaporative Water ◽  
Adult Females

1. During the developmental period from nymphal to adult engorgement of the rabbit tick, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris critical temperature changed with developmental stage and nutritional state, but was similar in the two sexes. 2. Critical temperature was low in engorged nymphs one day after drop-off (in the range of 36-40°C), increased during the following 15 days (46-47°C), slightly decreased just after ecdysis (42-43°C), remained constant in unfed females for the next 2 months (42-43°C) and then decreased again during engorgement of adult females (from 42-43 to 37-38°C then to 35-36°C). The rates of water loss also changed with the developmental period. 3. The hypothesis that evaporative water loss might initiate the rapid engorgement phase is supported, although not confirmed, by a close correspondence between the host body temperature and the critical temperature of the tick just prior to the rapid engorgement phase.

Ground control of nymphal (hopper) bands of the Australian plague locusts in eastern Australia

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Wright
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Direct Band ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Australian Plague Locust ◽  
Ground Spraying

Landholders control hopper bands of the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker), by ground spraying using diluted emulsifiable concentrate insecticide, usually fenitrothion. The effectiveness of this method was assessed in 1978 and 1979 in New South Wales. Line transects were used to assess the infestation level shortly before and 36 h after treatment; the estimated mean reduction in infestation was only 38% when the bands alone were sprayed but 80% if the whole paddock or a large section was blanket sprayed. The cost of blanket treatment ($13.20/ha of band destroyed) was far greater than direct band attack ($3.70), except where ultra-low volume methods were used to drift spray an area ($5.60). Ground control could be twice as effective if blanket spraying was widely adopted, but this would require the general use of ultra-low volume spraying equipment. Furthermore, fewer bands would be missed if all paddocks were thoroughly searched before spraying.

scholarly journals Natural Selection and the Maintenance of Colour Pattern Polymorphism in the Australian Plague Locust Chortoicetes terminifera

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M Dearn ◽  
Richard AH Davies
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Differential Selection ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Pattern Polymorphism ◽  
Australian Plague Locust ◽  
Dominant Genes

Twelve samples of C. termini/era from seven locations in eastern Australia were analysed for colour pattern polymorphism. Although there was heterogeneity between the samples the overall frequencies of the colour pattern genotypes were very similar. Males and females showed consistent differences in their genotype frequencies and this is presumed to reflect differential selection between the two sexes. A comparison between observed genotype frequencies and those expected under random mating and in the absence of selection revealed large differences. In particular, genotypes heterozygous for two dominant genes were consistently underrepresented. While these differences could result from non-random mating it is argued that they are more likely to be due to viability differences between the genotypes.

Costs of reproduction in female moose (Alces alces) as measured by means of phenotypic correlations

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Sand
Keyword(s):  
Alces Alces ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Individual Quality ◽  
Costs Of Reproduction ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Lactation Phase ◽  
Reproductive Category

The costs of pregnancy and lactation in terms of subsequent body growth and fecundity were studied by comparing different reproductive categories of Swedish female moose (Alces alces) during 1989-1992. Non-reproducing females and females that experienced gestation but not lactation were significantly heavier than females in the same reproductive category prior to reproduction. Production of one offspring and subsequent lactation during the summer and early autumn were also associated with an average annual increase in carcass mass, although this was less pronounced than in females that only experienced gestation. By contrast, production of two offspring and successful rearing of both to the autumn resulted, on average, in a reduction of carcass mass (7%) relative to that of females in the same reproductive category prior to reproduction. In female moose, while body growth was affected by the costs of lactation, future fecundity was not. Instead, future fecundity was related most strongly to the number of offspring produced during the current year. This positive association could not be attributed to variation in individual quality in terms of age or carcass mass. The ultimate consequences of reproduction in female moose seem to strongly influence the patterns of growth: adult females will alternate between gain and loss of body mass among years, depending on the number of offspring produced and successfully reared through the lactation phase.

Siphonoecetini Just, 1983 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Ischyroceridae) 9: New species in Rhinoecetes Just, 1983, Cephaloecetes gen. nov. and Neoecetes gen. nov. from the south-eastern Australian shelf

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3234 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
JEAN JUST
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Margin Entire ◽  
Moreton Bay ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia

Six new species of Rhinoecetes Just, 1983, R. rhinoceros, R. dinoceros, R. brevirostris, R. coclearis, R. albomaculosus andR. meridianus, are described together with Cephaloecetes enigmaticus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Neoecetes conipes gen.nov., sp. nov. from eastern Australia from Moreton Bay in Queensland to Bass Strait and Tasmania. Cephaloecetes gen.nov. differs from Rhinoecetes by having the head front margin entire and a pseudorostrum arising underneath from thefrons. Neoecetes gen. nov. differs from Rhinoecetes in having two robust setae instead of one on the posterior projectionof gnathopod 2 carpus, a row of small accessory robust setae on pereopods 5 and 6 carpus instead of a single one, anduropod 3 ramus being conical instead of round. Keys to genera and species are given. A novel character, a pair of sternalpapillae, is documented in Rhinoecetes and Cephaloecetes on the ventral surface of pereonite 7 in adult females. The dis-tribution of the species is commented upon. The most diverse fauna of Siphonoecetini was found in Jervis Bay, New South Wales.

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