Phlebotomus caucasicus and Phlebotomus mongolensis (Diptera: Psychodidae): indistinguishable by the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Parvizi ◽  
H. Taherkhani ◽  
P.D. Ready
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Lineage Sorting ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractDiagnostic molecular markers for the females of Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) caucasicus and P. mongolensis were sought by characterizing from individual Iranian specimens a gene fragment, namely mitochondrial cytochrome b, that had previously proven useful for the taxonomy of phlebotomine sandflies. Males of both species were used as reference material because their external genitalia provide the only diagnostic morphological characters. A phylogenetic analysis of the new sequences, and those previously reported for P. grimmi, found no support for recognizing more than one species (P. caucasicus s.l.) in Iran. Most of the genetic variation was geographical. An absence of lineage sorting was demonstrated, and it is proposed that any search for species-specific molecular markers for these three taxonomic species should be continued by applied biologists only if there is better evidence for associating any one of them with phenotypes important for understanding the transmission of Leishmania species in foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.

scholarly journals New World Nine-Primaried Oscine Relationships: Constructing a Mitochondrial DNA Framework

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Klicka ◽  
Kevin P. Johnson ◽  
Scott M. Lanyon
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
New World ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Wood Warblers ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Strong Bootstrap Support ◽  
High Degree

AbstractHistorically, a paucity of comparative morphological characters has led to much debate regarding relationships within and among the major lineages of New World nine-primaried oscines. More recently, DNA-DNA hybridization studies have provided novel and testable hypotheses of relationships, although no consensus has been reached. For 40 songbird taxa, we obtained 1,929 base pairs (bp) of DNA sequence from the mitochondrial cytochrome-b (894 bp) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (1,035 bp) genes. Phylogenetic analyses confirm the monophyly of this assemblage as traditionally defined. The lineages delineated historically on morphological grounds are retained; finches (Fringillinae) are sister to a well-supported clade (Emberizinae) containing blackbirds (Icterini), sparrows (Emberizini), wood-warblers (Parulini), tanagers (Thraupini), and cardinal-grosbeaks (Cardinalini). However, each tribe individually is either paraphyletic or polyphyletic with respect to most recent songbird classifications. Our results suggest that Euphonia is not a tanager but perhaps represents a derived form of cardueline finch. Piranga, traditionally considered a typical tanager, is a cardinaline in all of our analyses. Calcarius falls outside the sparrow lineage in all of our analyses, but its true affinities remain unclear. Elements of four different AOU families are represented in our clade Thraupini. The inclusion of several “tanager-finches” (Haplospiza, Diglossa, Tiaris, Volatinia, Sporophila) and a nectarivore (Coereba) in this clade is consistent with findings from other molecular phylogenies in suggesting that convergence in feeding specializations among some lineages has confounded traditional morphological classifications. We obtained a novel arrangement of relationships among tribes in our “best” topology; Cardinalini is sister to the rest of the Emberizinae assemblage (as defined by Sibley and Ahlquist [1990]), and Thraupini is sister to a clade containing Icterini, Emberizini, and Parulini. Despite nearly 2,000 bp of sequence for each taxon, and a high degree of stability across most weighting schemes and analytical methods, most nodes lack strong bootstrap support. The ND2 gene provided higher resolution than did cytochrome b, but combining genes provided the most highly supported and resolved topology. We consider the phylogeny a working hypothesis to be used as a guide for further studies within the nine-primaried oscine assemblage.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of cattle and buffalo species meat origin using mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Sirazum Munira ◽  
Fatema Tuz Jahura ◽  
Md Munir Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Shamsul Alam Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Cyt B ◽  
Dna Yield ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Cyt B Gene

The study was conducted to adopt PCR based technique for identification of species origin from meat samples of cattle and buffalo using mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene fragment. A total of 42 ear tissue and meat samples were collected from different slaughterhouses and farms of Mymensingh, Bogra and Rangpur districts and stored in 96% ethanol at room temperature. Genomic DNA was extracted from all samples using GeNet Bio genomic DNA isolation kit. The average DNA yield of considered samples was found 204.57 ng/?l where the purity ranged from 1.82–1.99. Two (2) pair species-specific primers were used to amplify Cyt b gene fragments of 472 bp and 124 bp for cattle and buffalo, respectively. The PCR results revealed different species specific amplified fragments which could discriminate between cattle (472 bp) and buffalo (124 bp) species precisely from pure and mixed samples of those species. This study suggests an accurate molecular technique for identification of cattle and buffalo species meat origin and differentiates species present in adulterated meat samples. In conclusion, this DNA based technique could be utilized for prevention of malpractice in slaughterhouse and chain shops and thereby to protect consumer’s right.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 177-182

A new Real Time PCR with species-specific primers from Plasmodium malariae/P. brasilianum mitochondrial cytochrome b gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 102069
Author(s):  
Emilly Henrique dos Santos ◽  
Lidia Yamamoto ◽  
Wilson Domingues ◽  
Silvia Maria di Santi ◽  
Kelly Aparecida Kanunfre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Plasmodium Malariae ◽  
Cytochrome B Gene ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Molecular detection of goat and sheep meat origin using mitochondrial cytochrome b gene

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
FT Jahura ◽  
S Munira ◽  
AKFH Bhuiyan ◽  
MR Hoque ◽  
MSA Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Cyt B ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Indigenous Goat ◽  
Meat Species ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Cyt B Gene

The present study was conducted to discriminate between sheep and goat species meat origin utilizing mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene fragment. A total of 46 ear tissue and meat samples were collected from different slaughterhouses and farms of Mymensingh and Rangpur districts. Genomic DNA was extracted using GeNet Bio DNA isolation kit and DNA concentration and purity was quantified by NanoDrop spectrophotometer. Two pairs species specific primer were used to amplify Cyt b gene fragments. Selected primers were highly conserved across the breed within a species and worked well with the species of indigenous goat and sheep resulting similar size of the amplicons 330 and 585 bp respectively. The duplex PCR condition would enable to detect adulteration from goat and sheep mixed samples which revealed by two precise bands (330 and 585 bp) in a single reaction. This study suggests an accurate molecular technique for identification of sheep and goat meat species origin and differentiates species present in adulterate meat samples. In conclusion, this DNA based marker could be used for prevention of fraudulent practice in slaughterhouse and chain shops in Bangladesh.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (2): 41-45

Non-invasive DNA extraction for molecular identification of royal Bengal tiger Panthera tigris tigris

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
MS Alam ◽  
MA Rahaman ◽  
RA Begum ◽  
RM Shahjahan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Cytochrome B Gene ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Panthera Tigris Tigris ◽  
Bengal Tiger ◽  
Species Specific

The flagship animal species of Sundarbans, the Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is under threat of extinction. Its natural population is declining day by day. So, to avoid killing and harming the animal, the use of non-invasive samples such as scat, hair, or scent is preferred for DNA extraction and subsequent genotyping of tiger species. DNA has been extracted from scat samples of the Bengal tiger in the present study, and a fragment of the cytochrome b gene has been sequenced after PCR with species-specific primers. DNA has been extracted manually using a previously described methodology with slight modifications. The size of the PCR product and sequence of cytochrome b gene indicates that tiger DNA is successfully extracted from scat samples using tigerspecific primers. Thus, presence of tiger DNA can be detected by using this method just by the PCR product size in the gel. This is the first report of a partial sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of P. t. tigris from Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 325-330, 2021 (July)

Western boundary of the subfamily Danioninae in Asia (Teleostei, Cyprinidae): derived from the systematic position of Barilius mesopotamicus based on molecular and morphological data

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2880 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
TE-YU LIAO ◽  
ERHAN ÜNLÜ ◽  
SVEN O. KULLANDER
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B

Analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences from 198 species confirms the position of Barilius mesopotamicus as a species of the Asian genus Barilius within the subtribe Chedrina in the subfamily Danioninae. This relationship is supported by a parsimony analysis based on 43 morphological characters, and the morphological examination confirms that B. mesopotamicus possesses the synapomorphies of the Danioninae and Chedrina, viz. absence of the Y-shaped ligament and the greatly reduced postcleithrum, respectively. Barilius mesopotamicus greatly expands the western boundary of the Asian Danioninae into the Tigris-Euphrates basin.

Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Middle Eastern geckos of the genus Cyrtopodion and their selected relatives

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1931 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN ČERVENKA ◽  
LUKÁŠ KRATOCHVÍL ◽  
DANIEL FRYNTA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Eastern Species

Representatives of the gekkonid genus Cyrtopodion and related genera form a highly diversified group of Palearctic geckos, whose taxonomy is still unstable and phylogeny little known. This study tries to improve this situation by attempting to reconstruct the phylogeny based on two molecular markers (partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b and 12S rRNA genes) in the Middle Eastern species of the genus Cyrtopodion and members of the genera Agamura and Bunopus. The results support the monophyly of the species groups within the genus Cyrtopodion as defined by Anderson (1999), but relationships between these groups remain largely unresolved. The kotschyi group (= subgenus Mediodactylus) is not closely related to the rest of the genus Cyrtopodion and should be treated as an autonomous genus. Agamura persica forms a monophyletic group with agamuroides + caspium + scabrum species groups. The genus Bunopus does not seem to be closely related to this clade. We briefly discuss the implications of our findings and stress the importance of further molecular studies in Palearctic geckos.

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