Lower Devonian calmoniid trilobites from the Argentine Precordillera: new taxa of the Bouleia Group, and remarks on the tempo of calmoniid radiation

1994 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Edgecombe ◽  
Norberto E. Vaccari ◽  
Beatriz G. Waisfeld
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Lower Devonian ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Assemblage Zone ◽  
Argentine Precordillera ◽  
Gradual Transformation ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

AbstractNew calmoniids from the Lower Devonian Talacasto Formation in the Precordillera of San Juan, Argentina, extend the stratigraphic and geographic ranges of a clade including Bouleia Kozlowski, 1923 and Parabouleia Eldredge, 1972. The new genus Talacastops accommodates the Lochkovian T. zarelae sp.nov. from the Talacasto Formation and a closely related species from western Bolivia (Talacastops sp.nov. A). The diagnosis of Parabouleia is broadened to include P. eldredgei sp.nov., from Lochkovian strata in the lower part of the Talacasto Formation. Calmoniids from below the Scaphiocoelia Assemblage Zone display morphological disparity that rivals later occurrences, and do not conform to a model of gradual transformation of an acastomorph ancestor. Stratigraphic range extensions based on correction for ghost lineages imply a high diversity within Calmoniidae very early in the Devonian.

scholarly journals Two new cyclophoroid species from Hubei, China, with proposal of a new genus (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae and Alycaeidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe-Yu Chen ◽  
Min Wu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Western Hubei

Two new species, Sinoarinia feii Chen, gen. et sp. nov. and Pincerna vallis Chen & Wu, sp. nov., are described from western Hubei, China. The new genus Sinoarinia Chen & Wu, gen. nov. is established based on the strongly constricted penultimate whorl and the ascending last whorl. The Vietnamese species Pincerna costulosa (Bavay & Dautzenberg) is newly reported from Yunnan, China. For comparison, photographs of the shells of closely related species are provided. A key to the known species of Sinoariniagen. nov. is included.

Designation of a neotype for the Brazilian porcupine, Coendou prehensilis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2791 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
YURI L. R. LEITE ◽  
VILACIO CALDARA JÚNIOR ◽  
ANA CAROLINA LOSS ◽  
LEONORA PIRES COSTA ◽  
ÉVERTON R. A. MELO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Shed Light

The Brazilian porcupine was one of several species described and illustrated by the 17 th -century naturalist Georg Marcgrave, whose text was among the primary references upon which Linnaeus based his Hystrix prehensilis. As currently understood, Coendou prehensilis is a wide-ranging polytypic taxon that has never been revised and may represent a complex of closely related species. Given that no name-bearing type specimen of C. prehensilis is believed to be extant, and in order to avoid ambiguous application of this name, we designate a specimen collected at the type locality in Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, as the neotype for Hystrix prehensilis Linnaeus. The geographic distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes suggests that specimens from west-central Brazil previously identified as “Coendou prehensilis” belong to a different species, but only a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus will shed light on species limits and the geographic ranges of C. prehensilis and other congeneric forms.

Relocation of Alona manueli Sinev & Zawisza 2013 and a new closely related species from the Ecuadorian Andes to the new genus Alpinalona (Cladocera, Chydoridae, Aloninae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4350 (3) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUEL ALONSO ◽  
ARTEM Y. SINEV
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Related Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Head Pores ◽  
Lateral Head

Alpinalona gen. nov. is described for two species found in high altitude localities of continental North America and South America: Alona manueli (Sinev & Zawisza, 2013) from the Neovolcanic Mexican Axis and Alpinalona cajasi gen. et sp. nov from El Cajas National Park (Ecuador). The new genus is separated from Hexalona and allies by the absence of limb VI and filter plate V;  from Anthalona, Coronatella and the elegans-group by having seven setae on exopodite III, and by the presence of a well-developed seta 1 on the IDL of limb III; from Alona s. str. (quadrangularis-group) and Ovalona, by two main head pores, lateral head pores located close to main pores, and by a bilobed exopodite V; from Ovalona by the presence of seta (i) and inner setae 2–3 on limb I, and setae 4–5 of exopodite III being of same size; and from Alona s. lato by weakly developed marginal denticles of postabdomen, clusters of thin setulae on ventral surface of limb I, and by plumose setae 5–6 of exopodite IV. Alpinalona cajasi sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from A. manueli by the following characteristics: prominent posterodorsal angle of carapace; broader headshield; longer PP distance; and postanal marginal denticles organized into groups.  

New brittle-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from New Zealand waters

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 352 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONALD G. MCKNIGHT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Brittle Stars

Thirteen new species of brittle-stars (Ophiuroidea: Echinodermata) and one new genus are described from the New Zealand region. These include: Ophiacanthidae (Ophiolebes); Ophiomyxidae (Ophiolycus, Renetheo n. gen.); and Ophiuridae (Amphiophiura, Ophiocten, Ophiophycis, Ophiura (Dictenophiura), Ophiura (Ophiuroglypha), Ophiomidas, and Ophiophyllum). Keys are provided to the described species of Ophiophycis and 4 closely related species of Amphiophiura occurring around New Zealand.

scholarly journals Description of a New Genus and New Species of Soft Scale Insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from Cuba

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117954331878514
Author(s):  
Nereida Mestre-Novoa ◽  
Takumasa Kondo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Rhizophora Mangle ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Soft Scale

A new neotropical genus and species of soft scale insect from Cuba, Hamonicoccus Mestre and Kondo gen. nov. is described and Hamonicoccus alayoi Mestre and Kondo sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) is described and illustrated based on the adult female. The species was collected in Cayos de las Cinco Leguas, Matanzas Province, on Capparis cynophallophora (Capparaceae), and in Surgidero de Batabanó, Mayabeque Province, on Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae). The affinities of H alayoi sp. nov. with closely related species is discussed based on published literature. An updated list of soft scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae) known from Cuba is provided.

Two new cirroidean genera (Vetigastropoda, Archaeogastropoda) from the Emsian (Late Early Devonian) of Alaska with notes on the early phylogeny of Cirroidea

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Frýda ◽  
Robert B. Blodgett
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lower Devonian ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
West Central ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

Two new cirroidean gastropod genera, Alaskiella (family Porcelliidae) and Alaskacirrus (family Cirridae), from the Emsian (late Early Devonian) of west-central Alaska (Medfra B-4 quadrangle) are described. The shell of Alaskiella medfraensis new genus and species exhibits inclined heterostrophic coiling. This shell character is known among other members of the subclass Archaeogastropoda, but is recorded for the first time within members of the superfamily Cirroidea. Inclined heterostrophic coiling of the shell was probably developed independently in several different groups of the subclass Archaeogastropoda. The new genus Alaskacirrus, represented by Alaskacirrus bandeli new species, is the oldest and only known Paleozoic member of the family Cirridae. This suggests that the family Cirridae was separated from the family Porcelliidae since at least Early Devonian time and that it most probably developed from the subfamily Agnesiinae of the family Porcelliidae. Thus, the stratigraphic range of the family Cirridae is at least from Lower Devonian to Cretaceous, an interval of about 350 million years.

The new genusTalacastospongia: insights on the first record of a Devonian sponge from South America

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 912-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo G. Carrera ◽  
Juan José Rustán
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Lower Devonian ◽  
New Genus ◽  
First Record ◽  
Hexactinellid Sponge ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Argentine Precordillera ◽  
Hexactinellid Sponges

AbstractThe Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) hexactinellid spongeTalacastospongia minimanew genus new species is reported from the lower beds of the Talacasto Formation in the Argentine Precordillera. It represents the first Devonian sponge from South America and the best record in the paleobiogeographic context of the Malvinokaffric Realm, otherwise virtually devoid of spiculate sponges. This discovery provides some tentative insights on the age and oldest record of the Family Pileolitidae. The paleogeographical context for this new finding shows a high latitude setting with a notable scarcity of hexactinellid sponges recorded to date in Devonian Malvinokaffric basins, and the absence of calcareous spiculate sponges (heteractinids) and hypercalcified sponges (stromatoporoids, sphinctozoans).

Problematode: an enigmatic new genus of Membracidae (Hemiptera) with two new species from Venezuela

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4281 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
MARCO A. GAIANI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Reticulate Venation

The new Neotropical genus Problematode gen. nov. is described and illustrated to accommodate two new closely related species from the Coastal Montane Forests of Venezuela, P. sakakibarai sp. nov. and P. inerme sp. nov. Problematode gen. nov. appears to be closely related to Euwalkeria Goding on the basis of the reticulate venation of the forewing and lack of posterior pronotal processes, and to Smergotomia Dietrich and Smerdalea Fowler in the configuration of the anal veins of the forewing. The widely separated mid- and hind coxae, exposing the thoracic ventral sternites, and the fused mesothoracic trochanter and femur are unique features of these taxa, which are considered of uncertain position within Membracidae. 

scholarly journals Evolutionary relationships between drought-related traits and climate shape large hydraulic safety margins in western North American oaks

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. e2008987118
Author(s):  
Robert P. Skelton ◽  
Leander D. L. Anderegg ◽  
Jessica Diaz ◽  
Matthew M. Kling ◽  
Prahlad Papper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Xylem Embolism ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Optical Visualization ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Dated Phylogeny

Quantitative knowledge of xylem physical tolerance limits to dehydration is essential to understanding plant drought tolerance but is lacking in many long-vessel angiosperms. We examine the hypothesis that a fundamental association between sustained xylem water transport and downstream tissue function should select for xylem that avoids embolism in long-vessel trees by quantifying xylem capacity to withstand air entry of western North American oaks (Quercus spp.). Optical visualization showed that 50% of embolism occurs at water potentials below −2.7 MPa in all 19 species, and −6.6 MPa in the most resistant species. By mapping the evolution of xylem vulnerability to embolism onto a fossil-dated phylogeny of the western North American oaks, we found large differences between clades (sections) while closely related species within each clade vary little in their capacity to withstand air entry. Phylogenetic conservatism in xylem physical tolerance, together with a significant correlation between species distributions along rainfall gradients and their dehydration tolerance, suggests that closely related species occupy similar climatic niches and that species' geographic ranges may have shifted along aridity gradients in accordance with their physical tolerance. Such trends, coupled with evolutionary associations between capacity to withstand xylem embolism and other hydraulic-related traits, yield wide margins of safety against embolism in oaks from diverse habitats. Evolved responses of the vascular system to aridity support the embolism avoidance hypothesis and reveal the importance of quantifying plant capacity to withstand xylem embolism for understanding function and biogeography of some of the Northern Hemisphere’s most ecologically and economically important plants.

A new carnosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1735-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Azuma ◽  
Philip J Currie
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Immature Specimen ◽  
Active Predator

An associated skeleton from the Kitadani quarry of the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) strata in Fukui Prefecture, Japan, represents a new genus and species of carnosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda). The immature specimen, which is about 4.2 m long, is well preserved and includes elements of the skull, vertebral column, front limbs, and hind limbs. The hands are relatively large and armed with strongly curved, sharp claws, suggesting that it was an active predator. Phylogenetic analysis indicates it is a basal allosauroid. An isolated astragalus from Australia may represent a closely related species.

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