I.—Notes on a Collection of Fossil Plants from the Newent Coal-Field (Gloucestershire)

1910 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Newell Arber
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Upper Carboniferous ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

It has been known for more, than a hundred years past that a small tract of Upper Carboniferous rocks occurs in North-West Gloucestershire, between May Hill and the Malverns. The beds crop out in the neighbourhood of Newent, a village lying some ten miles to the north-west of Gloucester. The field, however, is almost entirely concealed beneath Triassic rocks. The measures are productive, and have been worked at various periods on a small scale, though the greater portion of the basin remains to this day unexplored.

V.—The Fossil Flora of the Ingleton Coal-Field (Yorkshire)

1912 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Newell Arber
Keyword(s):  
Geological Survey ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Upper Carboniferous ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Coal Fields

The Upper Carboniferous rocks of the Ingleton Coal-field in North-West Yorkshire present a difficult study, and at the present time they are very imperfectly known. As mapped by the Geological Survey, there is apparently a perfect succession, passing up from the Yoredales, through the Millstone Grits, to the Lower and Middle Coal-measures. The coal-measures are in part overlain hy a series of red rocks, which have been assigned to the Permian, as in the case of other of the Midland Coal-fields. In the index of the Survey map of the north-eastern portion of the coal-field, the Deep Coal is taken as the top of the Lower, and the bottom of the Middle Coal-measures.

Deep Sinking for Coal in the Wyre Forest Coal-Field

The Geologist ◽  
1861 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
George E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Shaft Sinking ◽  
Considerable Range

Some other memoranda which I find among my papers relating to this work (for a section of which, with particulars of shaft-sinking, see “Geologist” of last month) may not be unacceptable to your coal-mining readers.The spot where the shaft was sunk was 476 feet above the level of the Severn Valley Railway at Eymoor, and about 510 feet above the ordinary height of the River Severn, from which it was distant about two miles. The coal seam met with and worked at the depth of 176 yards, has in other parts of the coal-field a thickness of four feet. The colliers regard it as a Flying Reed (red?) coal. Two of the thin coal-seams afterwards sunk through were entirely made up of the remains of Sigillariæ; the coal, in consequence, was “long grained” and slaty. These Sigillarian coals have a considerable range through the Wyre Forest field, and in common with most of the other seams, crop out along the western border. At the Baginswood pits, in the north-west corner of the coal·field, the upper coal, two feet four inches in thickness, worked by hand-draw, being only ten yards from surface, is a most interesting seam, made up entirely of compressed Sigillariæ.

Long Term Changes in Abundance of Eggs of the Cornish Pilchard (Sardina Pilchardus Walbaum) Off Plymouth

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Southward
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Personal Communications ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inshore Waters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Hearsay Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

The inshore fishery for the pilchard in Cornish waters has existed for several hundred years, and such records as are available concerning fluctuation in catches and market conditions have been reviewed by Couch (1865), Cushing (1957) and Culley (1971). Although pilchard have been landed from Lyme Bay, from the eastern half of the Channel, and from the southern North Sea (Couch, 1865; Furnestin, 1945; Cushing, 1957; personal communications G. T. Boalch) the catches have usually been incidental to other fisheries and more sporadic than in Cornish waters. Traditionally there are three areas fished for the Cornish pilchard: on the north-west coast around St Ives; in Mounts Bay and towards the Scillies; and between the Lizard Pt and Bolt Tail in Devon (Couch, 1865; Culley, 1971). The latter region, constituting the inshore waters of south-east Cornwall and south Devon, effectively forms the eastern limits of the regular occurrence of commercial shoals. Knowledge of the breeding and life-history of the fish in this region has always been scarce and subject to much hearsay evidence (reviewed in Southward, 1963). Up to quite recently it was thought that the main spawning area lay well to the west of the entrance to the Channel, and it was not until the investigations reported by Corbin (1947,195°) a nd Cushing (1957)tnat it was conclusively shown that extensive spawning can occur within the English Channel from May to October. The relationship of the spawning in the western Channel to the other areas of spawning off the entrance to the Channel and in the northern Bay of Biscay is illustrated in a recent series of reports (Arbault & Boutin, 1968; Arbault & Lacroix-Boutin, 1969; Arbault & Lacroix, 1971; Wallace, P. D. & Pleasants, C. A., duplicated ICES meeting paper CM 1972/J: 8), and is further demonstrated by Demir & Southward (1974) in discussing the results of a study of small scale seasonal changes in spawning intensity in inshore waters.

scholarly journals AMM15: a new high-resolution NEMO configuration for operational simulation of the European north-west shelf

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 681-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Graham ◽  
Enda O'Dea ◽  
Jason Holt ◽  
Jeff Polton ◽  
Helene T. Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operational System ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean State

Abstract. This paper describes the next-generation ocean forecast model for the European north-west shelf, which will become the basis of operational forecasts in 2018. This new system will provide a step change in resolution and therefore our ability to represent small-scale processes. The new model has a resolution of 1.5 km compared with a grid spacing of 7 km in the current operational system. AMM15 (Atlantic Margin Model, 1.5 km) is introduced as a new regional configuration of NEMO v3.6. Here we describe the technical details behind this configuration, with modifications appropriate for the new high-resolution domain. Results from a 30-year non-assimilative run using the AMM15 domain demonstrate the ability of this model to represent the mean state and variability of the region.Overall, there is an improvement in the representation of the mean state across the region, suggesting similar improvements may be seen in the future operational system. However, the reduction in seasonal bias is greater off-shelf than on-shelf. In the North Sea, biases are largely unchanged. Since there has been no change to the vertical resolution or parameterization schemes, performance improvements are not expected in regions where stratification is dominated by vertical processes rather than advection. This highlights the fact that increased horizontal resolution will not lead to domain-wide improvements. Further work is needed to target bias reduction across the north-west shelf region.

scholarly journals Neurocysticercosis : a possible cause of epileptiform seizures in people residing in villages served by the Bethanie clinic in the North West Province of South Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Veary ◽  
S.N. Manoto
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Meat Inspection ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North West Province ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Pig Husbandry

A study to detect human taeniasis and cysticercosis was conducted in 4 village communities served by the Bethanie clinic in the North West Province, based on reports of people being diagnosed there with epileptiform episodes. Many home owners in the villages rear pigs in small numbers for both meat availability and an immediate income from live pig or pig meat sales. The primary aim of the work was to conduct in the study area a census of all small scale pig producers and a survey of rural village consumers, both by means of a structured questionnaire. The former reviewed pig husbandry practices, slaughter and marketing of pigs and the latter provided information on pork consumption, sanitation as well as people's basic knowledge of Taenia solium. Stool samples from consenting participants were screened by a contracted approved laboratory for T. solium. A descriptive analysis of retrospective data was conducted at the Bethanie clinic to determine the proportional morbidity of neurocysticercosis from the medical records of patients diagnosed with seizures in an attempt to establish possible sources of infection and routes of transmission. In addition, the total pig population in the study area was determined more accurately and the prevalence of cysticercosis investigated in pigs subjected to meat inspection at an approved abattoir. The questionnaires revealed a poor understanding of the disease, poor sanitation and hygiene, poor methods of pig husbandry and poor meat inspection and control in rural smallholder communities. There was no significant statistical difference in the proportion of households reporting evidence of epilepsy and owning pigs and those that did not. There is a strong evidence of a tendency towards an association between epilepsy, consumption habits and some identified epidemiological risk factors.

scholarly journals AMM15: A new high resolution NEMO configuration for operational simulation of the European North West Shelf

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Graham ◽  
Enda O’Dea ◽  
Jason Holt ◽  
Jeff Polton ◽  
Helene T. Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operational System ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean State

Abstract. This paper describes the next generation ocean forecast model for the European North West Shelf, which will become the basis of operational forecasts in 2018. This new system will provide a step change in resolution, and therefore our ability to represent small scale processes. The new model has a resolution of 1.5 km, compared with a grid spacing of 7 km in the current operational system. AMM15 (Atlantic Margin Model, 1.5 km) is introduced as a new regional configuration of NEMO v3.6. Here we describe the technical details behind this configuration, with modifications appropriate for the new high resolution domain. Results from a 30 year non-assimilative run, using the AMM15 domain, demonstrate the ability of this model to represent the mean state and variability of the region. Overall, there is an improvement in the representation of the mean state across the region, suggesting similar improvements may be seen in the future operational system. However, the reduction in seasonal bias is greater off-shelf than on-shelf. In the North Sea, biases are largely unchanged. Since there has been no change to the vertical resolution or parameterisation schemes, performance improvements are not expected in regions where stratification is dominated by vertical processes, rather than advection. This highlights the fact that increased horizontal resolution will not lead to domain-wide improvements. Further work is needed to target bias reduction across the North West Shelf region.

Small-scale variation within a Modiolus modiolus (Mollusca: Bivalvia) reef in the Irish Sea. II. Epifauna recorded by divers and cameras

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.G. Sanderson ◽  
R.H.F. Holt ◽  
L. Kay ◽  
K. Ramsay ◽  
J. Perrins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irish Sea ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Competitive Response ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Strangford Lough ◽  
Modiolus Modiolus ◽  
Bed Form ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Horse Mussel

The spatial heterogeneity of epifauna on a Modiolus modiolus reef off north-west Wales was investigated using divers. The community associated with these horse mussels was similar to that described previously from Loch Creran and the north basin of Strangford Lough. Some differences in epifauna may be attributable to the less sheltered nature of the site. Modiolus modiolus numbers and the associated epifaunal community were significantly different between ridge and trough sub-habitats. Troughs can be considered ‘reduced’ ridge communities whereas ridges have high densities of horse mussels and certain sessile taxa were correlated with their abundance. Modiolus modiolus aggregation as a competitive response to the feeding environment, enhanced food availability on ridges and sediment deposition amongst mussel clumps may start to explain the undulating bed-form. Patchiness in community composition and periodic cover by ophuroids has implications when considering the monitoring of the horse mussel community. Stratified, in situ recording of the highly populated ridges could improve the statistical sensitivity of monitoring horse mussel reefs whilst simultaneously focusing on the more sensitive indicators of fishing threats.

scholarly journals Irrigation Water Value at Small-scale Schemes: Evidence from the North West Province, South Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Speelman ◽  
S. Farolfi ◽  
S. Perret ◽  
L. D'haese ◽  
M. D'haese
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Value ◽  
North West Province

Fold Structures in the Mylor Beds, near Porthleven, Cornwall

1966 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Stone
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

AbstractEarly folds (F1) in the Mylor Beds are upright or overturned to the north-west and trend north-easterly. They are cut by a flat-lying cleavage (S2) which is related to small-scale recumbent folds (F2) superimposed on the steep limbs of the early folds. The sequence of development of folds can be found elsewhere in the Mylor-Gram-scatho Beds and also in the Lizard Head mica schists. It is shown that F2 folds and S2 cleavage resulted from vertical shortening, which is believed to have been caused by the superimposition of slide sheets. It is suggested that the previously accepted age order of the Mylor and Gramscatho Beds should be reversed.

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