TODAY'S VIEW OF THE THIRD REICH AND THE SECOND WORLD WAR IN GERMAN HISTORIOGRAPHICAL DISCOURSE

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-564
Author(s):  
ULRICH SCHLIE
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current State ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Past ◽  
Nazi Era ◽  
And Coping

This review summarises the current state of knowledge and present trends in German historiography on the Third Reich. In Germany, assessment of the Nazi past has moved first from silence, and then from an emotionally charged engagement, to the more critical analyses of today. There has been a closer examination of the involvement of particular professional groups during the Nazi era, such as historians and lawyers. The ideological background of Hitler and the Nazi elite are being examined closely. Particular interest has also been shown in the ordinary aspects of living and coping in Hitler's Germany, the daily struggle and the moral dilemmas. An enormous interest in the German opposition against Hitler continues. In unified Germany, the memory of the struggle of the German resistance is kept alive in public consciousness as a positive line of continuity.

Der FC Bayern München im „Dritten Reich“. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichtspolitik des deutschen Rekordmeisters

STADION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-57
Author(s):  
Markwart Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Current State ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Nazi Era

Since 1945, FC Bayern Munich has presented its role in the Third Reich as that of a victim of the National Socialist dictatorship. In contrast to many other football clubs, the club claims to have resisted the regime’s numerous expectations. Because of this allegedly courageous behavior, FC Bayern purports to have been “systematically discriminated against”. But since May 2016 have considerable doubts arisen. There is now evidence that FC Bayern’s self-image is a historical football myth that cannot withstand critical scrutiny. What is still missing, however, is a detailed description and critical analysis of the individual components of the historical myth. It is precisely this task that this article undertakes. Beginning with a brief historical overview of the current state of research on football clubs in the Third Reich, it then focuses on the various stages of the emergence of the historical myth from 1945 to the present day. It covers the arguments with which FC Bayern justified its alleged victim role. The most comprehensive section then goes through previously unknown archive sources, which prove that FC Bayern did not play the role of victim or even hero under the dictatorship. The penultimate section classifies FC Bayern’s history policy, insofar as it relates to the Nazi era, in the changing periods of the German culture of remembrance. The final section shows FC Bayern’s self-image in the Third Reich as a historical-political anachronism, and it also identifies future directions for research.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Zeidman
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Racial Hygiene ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Era ◽  
Neuroscience Community ◽  
Scientific Topic

Despite knowledge since the postwar period and the efforts of neurologist Leo Alexander, the neuroscience community has been slow to recognize its involvement in the racial hygiene policies of the Third Reich. Part of this has been denial, but part of it protective of past perpetrators. However, since the popularization of medicine in the Nazi era in the 1980s, the fall of the Berlin Wall making previously unavailable patient data in the 1990s, and some astute articles in the neurology literature, neuroscience in the Nazi era has emerged as a scientific topic. Pioneering works by Shevell and Peiffer highlighted the unethical involvement of even famed German neuroscientists such as Julius Hallervorden. In the 2000s a growing body of literature has begun to show common threads between the exile of persecuted neuroscientists and the rise of increasingly destructive policies toward neurologic patients, and the exploitation of these patients for scientific research.

Health Reform and Race Hygiene: Adventists and the Biomedical Vision of the Third Reich

1996 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Blaich
Keyword(s):  
Health Reform ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
German Society ◽  
Domestic Sphere ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Era ◽  
The Church

German Seventh-day Adventists entered the Nazi era with apprehension. As a foreign sect which resembled Judaism in many respects, Adventists were particularly threatened by a society based on the principle of völkisch racism. Yet the new state also had much to offer them, for it held the prospect of new opportunities for the church. The Nazi state banished the scourge of liberalism and godless Bolshevism, it restored conservative standards in the domestic sphere, and it took effective steps to return German society to a life in harmony with nature—a life Adventists had long championed.

The Legacies of Memory: The Third Reich in Unified Germany

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Mark A. Wolfgram
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Past

Bill Niven, Facing the Nazi Past: United Germany and the Legacy of the Third Reich (London: Routledge, 2002)Siobhan Kattago, Ambiguous Memory: The Nazi Past and German National Identity (Praeger: Westport, Conn., 2001)

scholarly journals The Controversy That Isn't: The Debate Over Daniel J. Goldhagen's Hitler's Willing Executioners in Comparative Perspective

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
GAVRIEL D. ROSENFELD
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Media Hype ◽  
To Come ◽  
Nazi Past

This article attempts to explain the heated controversy sparked by Daniel Goldhagen's bestselling book Hitler's Willing Executioners, by comparing it with its most obvious precedent: the international furor in 1960–62 over William Shirer's The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. Through such a comparison, the Goldhagen controversy emerges as a relatively shallow event, largely driven by the book's own weaknesses and by media hype, that provides little of value for a deeper historical understanding of the Holocaust. At the same time, however, Goldhagen's surprising popularity in Germany does, in fact, signal a possible shift in the Germans' long postwar struggle to ‘come to terms' with the Nazi past.

German archaeology during the Third Reich, 1933–45: a case study based on archival evidence

Antiquity ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (291) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Maischberger
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Era ◽  
Locus Classicus

The history of the archaeological disciplines in Germany during the Nazi era can be considered as a locus classicus of nationalist interpretation and misuse of the past. For some time now, various efforts have been made to enhance our understanding of this period, including several aspects related to archaeology and cultural politics. Most studies have been carried on by modern historians, but also archaeologists have engaged in historiographical research on their own discipline. Some freqiiently cited works like Bollmus (1970) Kater (1974) and Losemann (1977) are still fundamental for our understanding of important aspects of Nazi cultural politics as well as the involvement of traditional institutions into the dictatorial system.

Colin Ross in South America, 1919-1920

1960 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Earl R. Beck
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Far East ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Era

Before he met death by his own hand in 1946, Colin Ross was one of Germany's most famous journalist-travelers. No less than fifteen books and a host of articles described his visits to countries from the Arctic to the Pacific and Haha Whenua to Africa, “ mit Kind und Kegel und Kamera ”—“ bag, baggage, and camera.” His greatest renown—or notoriety—dated from the Nazi era. Hitler himself said, “A man like Colin Ross, for example, gave me infinitely more precious information on the subject” of the Far East than all of the professional diplomats. Ross was, indeed, regarded with some exaggeration as “ one of Hitler's foremost geopoliticians,” and, probably with even greater exaggeration, as a paid spy for the Third Reich. When he visited South America in 1919-1920, however, it was suspicions of Bolshevist rather than Nazi inclinations which placed obstacles in the path of high ambitions.

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