COASTAL RICE FARMING SYSTEMS IN GUINEA AND SIERRA LEONE - Deep Roots: Rice Farmers in West Africa and the African Diaspora. By Edda L. Fields-Black. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2008. Pp. xviii+278. £22.99/$34.95, hardback (ISBN 978-0-253-35219-4).

ABSTRAKPerubahan iklim mensyaratkan kapasitas beradaptasi yang memadai dari petani karena pengelolaan SUT padi sawah sangat bergantung pada daya dukung iklim. Musim menjadi tidak menentu dan cuaca sulit diprediksi. Petani mulai kesulitan menentukan awal dan komoditas tanam, sementara serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT), banjir, dan kekeringan sebagai dampak negatif dari perubahan iklim semakin sering terjadi. Melalui survey terhadap 96 petani, penelitian ini menakar kapasitas beradaptasi perubahan iklim petani padi sawah di daerah pertanaman padi di dataran rendah, sedang, dan tinggi yang pernah menjadi wilayah percontohan program pengembangan kapasitas adaptasi perubahan iklim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapasitas adaptasi petani padi sawah masih rendah dan memengaruhi tingkat penerapan adaptasi perubahan iklim mereka. Disarankan untuk dilakukan evaluasi terhadap strategi program-progran sejenis melalui penelitian mengenai faktor-faktor penentu kapasitas adaptasi perubahan iklim petani padi sawah.Kata kunci: kapasitas adaptasi, padi sawah, perubahan iklim, petani ABSTRACTClimate change requires adequate adaptation capability of farmers as the management of rice farming systems which is highly dependent on climate carrying a previously considered stable. Through a survey of 96 farmers, this study measured the adaptive capacity to climate change of rice farmers in the lowland, medium and highland rice cultivation areas as pilot zone in which improvement program in climate change adaptation has been established. The result shows rice farmers adaptive capacity is considered low and affects their adaptation level to climate change. It is necessary to evaluate the strategy of similar program by studying the determinant factors of climate change adaptation capacity of rice farmers.Keywords: Adaptive capacity, climate change, farmerCitation: Salampessy, Y.L.A., Lubis, D.P., Amien, I., Suhardjito, D. 2018. Menakar Kapasitas Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim Petani Padi Sawah (Kasus Kabupaten Pasuruan Jawa Timur). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(1), 25-34, doi:10.14710/jil.16.1.25-34

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The Slave Trade and Coastal West Africa

The Oxford Handbook of Historical Archaeology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199562350.013.26 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Kenneth G. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

West Africa ◽

Sierra Leone ◽

African Diaspora ◽

Slave Trade ◽

Heritage Tourism ◽

West African ◽

Gold Coast ◽

African Countries ◽

Archaeological Work

The Atlantic slave trade has been the focus of archaeological work in a number of West African countries. Much of the work has emphasized the impressive trade castles of the Ghana coast, where extensive European constructions demonstrate the importance of the slave trade in the regions’ history. Work has also been conducted on other settings, including in Bénin, where African agency manifested itself differently than on the Gold Coast of modern Ghana; Sierra Leone and Gambia, where European trading establishments were typically smaller; and Guinea, where the ‘illegal’ slave trade of the nineteenth century blossomed. Many of these sites of enslavement have become important parts of local heritage, as well as a global heritage of African-descended people and the heritage tourism associated with the African Diaspora.

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Understanding the Dynamic of Rice Farming Systems in Southern Mozambique to Improve Production and Benefits to Smallholders

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11051018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1018

Author(s):

Fátima Ismael ◽

Aires A. Mbanze ◽

Alexis Ndayiragije ◽

David Fangueiro

Keyword(s):

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Multinomial Logit Model ◽

Farming System ◽

Rice Production ◽

Rice Farming ◽

Subsistence Farming ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Crop Types ◽

Mixed Crops

Rice farming systems (RFSs) in southern Mozambique are very heterogeneous and diversified, which has implications for smallholders’ adoption of each RFS, as well as on rice production and productivity in the region. In this regard, it is important to understand: (i) which RFS typologies can be leveraged to improve rice production and productivity; (ii) the drivers for smallholder farmers’ decisions to adopt an RFS; and (iii) which policies/incentives could enhance existing RFSs. The present study was based on surveys of 341 smallholder rice farmers in the Chókwè Irrigation Scheme (CIS), southern Mozambique. Data on the productivity of rice, size of the herd, and total other crop types were used to frame the RFS typologies. A multinomial logit model (MLM) and multiple linear regression (MLR) were applied to determine the driver for each RFS, and predict the constraints for production and yield. Based on cluster analysis, four typologies of RFSs were identified: the subsistence farming system (FS), specialised rice FS, mixed crops FS, and rice–livestock FS. Farms with longer experience reported applying more fertiliser and seedlings per unit hectare. The availability of labour increased the likelihood of adopting the mixed crops FS and rice–livestock FS. Older households were more likely to adopt the subsistence FS, and live closer to the farming fields. Yield of rice was positively associated with inputs such as fertilisers, pesticides, and seedlings, as well as years of experience of the household. Our results suggest that smallholder farmers need more assistance and technical support to identify and adopt more productive and less costly RFSs in this region.

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Farmers’ Adoption of Organic Rice Production in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand

Journal of Agricultural Extension ◽

10.4314/jae.v24i2.8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 71-79

Author(s):

Suneeporn Suwanmaneepong ◽

Chanhathai Kerdsriserm ◽

Krichanont Iyapunya ◽

Unggoon Wongtragoon

Keyword(s):

Organic Farming ◽

Household Head ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Rice Production ◽

Farm Size ◽

Primary Data ◽

Rice Farming ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Organic Rice

This study analysed the factors affecting the adoption of organic rice production in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire completed by 108 farmers: (58 organic rice farmers and 50 non-organic rice farmers) in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand. A t-test was employed to investigate the differences in the demographics of organic and non-organic rice farmers, and percentage mean, and standard deviation was used to describe farmers’ attitudes. Logistic regression was employed to investigate factors influencing organic rice adoption, educational level, and farm size were significantly different between the organic and non-organic rice farmers. Education (positive), farming experience (positive), age of household head (negative) and farm size (negative) had highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) influences on organic farming adoption. The farmers’ attitude toward environmental concern was the most important reason for adopting organic rice farming. This research identified the factors affecting the adoption of organic rice farming; this information can be used to encourage farmers to practice organic rice farming in the targeted organic rice area in Thailand. In addition, the farmers’ attitudes toward organic farming systems could be used to help support farmers practicing organic rice farming. Keywords: organic rice adoption, organic rice production, organic farming adoption, farmer attitudes.

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