The influence of density and nitrogen in seed production stands of S48 timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and S215 meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis L.)

1964 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Lambert

Seed production stands of S 48 timothy and S 215 meadow fescue were obtained with varying plant densities by utilizing two driE widths, removing sections of drill, or oversowing drilled material.Annual tiller counts were made in preselected quadrats, and performances of tiller populations were assessed from these quadrats.

Author(s):  
А.Д. Капсамун ◽  
Е.Н. Павлючик ◽  
Н.Н. Иванова

Изучение урожайности трёхкомпонентных бобово-злаковых травосмесей с различными сортами клевера лугового проводилось в Тверской области на опытном поле ВНИИ мелиорированных земель в 2018–2020 годах. Опыт заложен в 2018 году на осушаемой дерново-подзолистой почве. Изучались следующие сорта многолетних трав: клевер луговой (Trifolium pratense L.) Кретуновский, Грин, Шанс, Фаленский 86; люцерна изменчивая (× Medicago varia Mart.) Вега 87; тимофеевка луговая (Phleum pratense L.) ВИК 9 и овсяница луговая (Festuca pratensis L.) Сахаровская. В 2020 году наиболее высокими темпами роста обладали травостои второго года пользования с ранними сортами клевера лугового Кретуновский и Грин в смеси с тимофеевкой луговой сорта ВИК 9 — 67–70 см при густоте стеблестоя 495–852 шт./м2. Наиболее продуктивными на осушаемых землях показали себя смешанные травостои люцерны изменчивой, клевера лугового и тимофеевки луговой. Трёхкомпонентные агрофитоценозы укосного типа на основе сортов клевера лугового Кретуновский, Грин, Шанс, Фаленский 86, люцерны изменчивой и тимофеевки луговой сформировали урожай кормовой массы 35–39,7 т/га. Травосмесь тимофеевки луговой с раннеспелым сортом клевера Шанс сформировала два укоса с выходом сухой массы 9,5 т/га, овсяницы луговой — 9,0 т/га. Отмечено хорошее качество полученной растительной массы: содержание переваримого протеина составило 18,9–19,5 г/кг при энергетической питательности 1,09–1,26. В растительной массе травосмесей с овсяницей луговой содержание переваримого протеина было выше, чем в смесях с тимофеевкой луговой, на 1,1 г/кг корма в первом и на 2,41 г/кг корма во втором укосе. По содержанию кормовых единиц в 1 кг корма питательность кормовой массы в зависимости от состава исследуемых смесей была равноценна — 0,23–0,24. The investigation took place in the Tver region on the trial field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands in 2018–2020. The research tested the yield of trinary legume-gramineous ecosystems with various varieties of red clover. The field trial was carried out on the drained sod-podzolic soil in 2018. The following perennial grasses were studied: red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) “Kretunovskiy”, “Grin”, “Shans”, “Falenskiy 86”; bastard alfalfa (× Medicago varia Mart.) “Vega 87”; common timothy (Phleum pratense L.) “VIK 9”; and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis L.) “Sakharovskaya”. Growth rates were the highest in the mixtures with short-season red clover varieties “Kretunovskiy”, “Grin”, and common timothy. In 2020, these variants reached height of 67–70 cm and density of 495–852 plants per m2 in the second year. Trinary ecosystems to be cut with bastard alfalfa, red clover “Kretunovskiy”, “Grin”, “Shans”, “Falenskiy 86”, and common timothy provided the maximum yield on the drained lands — 35–39.7 t ha-1. The mixture of common timothy with short-season red clover “Shans” formed 9.5 t ha-1 of dry mass per two cuts, meadow fescue — 9.0 t ha-1. The feed mass showed high quality: digestible protein content was 18.9–19.5 g/kg, energy nutrition was 1.09–1.26. Mixtures with meadow fescue exceeded the ones with common timothy in digestible protein content by 1.1 g/kg in the first cut and by 2.41 g/kg — in the second one. Different variants showed almost no variation in feed units per 1 kg of forage — 0.23–0.24.


1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. DARWENT ◽  
J. H. SMITH

The effects of 2,4-D at 0.5 and 1.0 kg/ha and dicamba at 0.15–0.60 kg/ha on seed production of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) were evaluated. Applications of 2,4-D at 0.5 kg/ha to timothy in late September of the year of seeding severely reduced yields the following year. The same rate of 2,4-D applied in the spring before stem elongation also reduced yields, but spring applications at the shot-blade or 5% heading stage did not reduce yields. 2,4-D at 1.0 kg/ha caused yield reductions when applied at any of the above stages of crop development. Applications of dicamba at 0.15–0.60 kg/ha in late September of the year of seeding reduced yields the following year with the exception of the 0.15-kg/ha rate which reduced yields in only one of the 2 yr. Dicamba at the same rates reduced yields when applied in the spring before stem elongation or at the shot-blade stage. Yield losses due to dicamba increased with each advance in the stage of crop development at the time of herbicide application. 2,4-D had no significant effect on seed quality but dicamba applied in the spring reduced seed germination. Yield reductions caused by 2,4-D were attributed mainly to the reduction in the number of heads while those caused by dicamba were attributed mainly to the reduction in the weight of seed produced per head.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document