Influence of temperature on growth and nitrogen fixation in cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L., inoculated with Rhizobium

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Response To Temperature

SUMMARYGrowth and nitrogen fixation of three cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L., inoculated with strain CIAT 161 of R. phaseoli, were compared at day-night temperatures of 36–25, 30–20 and 26–15 °C.Temperature affected the duration and magnitude of N2 (C2H2) fixation. Maximum fixation increased from 33·8 μmol C2H4 produced/plant/h at 35–25 °C to 73·0 μmol C2H4 produced/plant/h at 25–15 °C, but the peak in fixation was increasingly delayed as growth temperature was reduced. In the 25–15 °C treatment this delay in the onset of fixation led to decreasing leaf nitrogen concentrations and visible N-deficiency symptoms at the 28 day harvest.Varietal differences in response to temperature were not marked, though one cultivar achieved greater nodule development at 35–25 °C than the others. This earlyflowering cultivar again appeared weak in N2 (C2H2) fixation with low specific nodule activity at all temperatures studied.Results are related to bean production in Latin America, and to the possible need for ‘starter’ nitrogen in the cooler bean-producing regions.

Nodule development and nitrogen fixation in cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. as influenced by planting density

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Graham ◽  
J. C. Rosas
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stem Development

SUMMARYThree cultivars of P. vulgaris, tested 39 and 69 days after planting, differed in the extent to which nitrogen (C2H2) fixation and nodule development were affected by plant density.At the 39-day harvest the climbing cultivar P590 declined in fixation from 15·1 μmol C2H4 produced/plant/h at 8·5 plants/m2, to only 4·2 μmol C2H4 produced/plant/h at 41·5 plants/m2; while the prostrate P498 showed consistently high fixation from 8·5 to 41·5 plants/m2. Variation in nitrogen fixation could be explained largely by change in nodule weight, though specific nodule activity (SNA) was affected, particularly in the cultivar P590. Since the percentage soluble carbohydrate in nodules of two varieties increased at certain planting densities while SNA decreased, some nodule dysfunction is possible.Density changes affected leaf, root and stem development in all cultivars, leaves on the lower nodes being most severely affected.At the 69-day harvest two varieties were advanced in filling the pods and showed poor nodulation and limited fixation, even at the widest plant spacings, while nodulation and nitrogen (C2H2) fixation in the third variety, which had just flowered, showed optima similar to the earlier harvest.

Plant and nodule development and nitrogen fixation in climbing cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown in monoculture, or associated with Zea mays L.

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Graham ◽  
J. C. Rosas
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Slight Inhibition

SummaryPlant and nodule development and nitrogen fixation were studied in two climbing cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris, grown in monoculture, or associated with two maize populations differing in growth characteristics.Bean cultivar P590 showed similar plant and pod fresh weight development in monoculture and when associated with a vigorous landrace maize, interspecific competition becoming significant only 92 days after planting. Nitrogen (C2H2) fixation in this cultivar was greatest 68 days after planting and declined rapidly thereafter, showing no significant differences between monoculture and associated plantings. When the bean cultivar P526 was associated with the landrace maize, plant development was depressed as early as 50 days after planting. While slight inhibition of nitrogen fixation, specific nodule activity (SNA) and nodule carbohydrate content was also observed at this time, it could not be concluded that such inhibition was definitely due to the associated planting.Association with an improved maize, amarillo subtropical, did not affect plant development in P590 but did decrease growth of P526 at the 80 and 92 day harvests.

Comparison of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for nitrogen fixation tolerance to soil drying

2012 ◽  
Vol 364 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mura Jyostna Devi ◽  
Thomas R. Sinclair ◽  
Stephen E. Beebe ◽  
Idupulapati M. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

Variability in nitrogen fixation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercropped with maize

1993 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Tsai ◽  
P. M. Da Silva ◽  
W. L. Cabezas ◽  
R. Bonetti
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

scholarly journals A Combined In Vitro (Caco-2 Cell) and In Vivo (Gallus gallus) Assessment Reveals the Iron Benefits of Consuming the Fast Cooking Manteca Yellow Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (P10-114-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Wiesinger ◽  
Raymond Glahn ◽  
Karen Cichy ◽  
Nikolai Kolba ◽  
Jon Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives The common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a globally produced pulse crop and an important source of protein and micronutrients for millions of people across Latin America and Africa. In these regions, energy for cooking is expensive or scarce and long cooking times deter consumers from purchasing beans. In addition, many of the preferred black and red seed types have phytate and polyphenols that limit the absorption of trace minerals. Yellow beans are unique because their seed coats are rich in kaempferol 3-glucoside, a recently discovered promoter of iron absorption. Several market classes of yellow beans are sold throughout Latin America and Africa, where they are marketed at premium prices for their fast cooking tendencies. Exploring the yellow bean's unique heritage to develop new fast cooking varieties that deliver more absorbable iron would be useful for regions where inhabitants have limited access to fuelwood for cooking. This study compared the iron bioavailability of three fast cooking yellow beans from Africa with contrasting seed coat colors (Manteca, Amarillo, Njano) to slower cooking white and red kidney commercial varieties from North America (Table 1). Methods Cooked beans were formulated into diets with the complementary food crops of potato, rice and cabbage. Iron bioavailability was measured as ferritin formation in an in vitro digestion Caco-2 bioassay and the ability to maintain total body iron hemoglobin (Hb-Fe) during a 6 week in vivo (Gallus gallus) feeding trial. Results Animals fed yellow bean diets had faster growth rates, accumulated more dietary iron and had higher Hb-Fe than animals fed either kidney bean diet (Figure 1). In contrast to yellow beans, the kidney beans had almost no kaempferol 3-glucoside (Table 2). When compared to the other four bean based diets, the fast cooking Manteca yellow bean diet had the highest Caco-2 ferritin formation in vitro (Table 3) and delivered the largest increase in Hb-Fe in vivo (Figure 1). Conclusions Through the added benefit of fast preparation times and improved iron quality after cooking, this study provides evidence that the Manteca market class is worthy of germplasm enhancement as a new convenience food to help alleviate trace mineral deficiencies in regions where beans are widely accepted as a dietary staple. Funding Sources USDA-NIFA. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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