Phosphorus: A limiting nutrient in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in Latin America and field screening for efficiency and response

1990 ◽  
pp. 501-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thung
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Field Screening ◽  
Limiting Nutrient

scholarly journals A Combined In Vitro (Caco-2 Cell) and In Vivo (Gallus gallus) Assessment Reveals the Iron Benefits of Consuming the Fast Cooking Manteca Yellow Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (P10-114-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Wiesinger ◽  
Raymond Glahn ◽  
Karen Cichy ◽  
Nikolai Kolba ◽  
Jon Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives The common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a globally produced pulse crop and an important source of protein and micronutrients for millions of people across Latin America and Africa. In these regions, energy for cooking is expensive or scarce and long cooking times deter consumers from purchasing beans. In addition, many of the preferred black and red seed types have phytate and polyphenols that limit the absorption of trace minerals. Yellow beans are unique because their seed coats are rich in kaempferol 3-glucoside, a recently discovered promoter of iron absorption. Several market classes of yellow beans are sold throughout Latin America and Africa, where they are marketed at premium prices for their fast cooking tendencies. Exploring the yellow bean's unique heritage to develop new fast cooking varieties that deliver more absorbable iron would be useful for regions where inhabitants have limited access to fuelwood for cooking. This study compared the iron bioavailability of three fast cooking yellow beans from Africa with contrasting seed coat colors (Manteca, Amarillo, Njano) to slower cooking white and red kidney commercial varieties from North America (Table 1). Methods Cooked beans were formulated into diets with the complementary food crops of potato, rice and cabbage. Iron bioavailability was measured as ferritin formation in an in vitro digestion Caco-2 bioassay and the ability to maintain total body iron hemoglobin (Hb-Fe) during a 6 week in vivo (Gallus gallus) feeding trial. Results Animals fed yellow bean diets had faster growth rates, accumulated more dietary iron and had higher Hb-Fe than animals fed either kidney bean diet (Figure 1). In contrast to yellow beans, the kidney beans had almost no kaempferol 3-glucoside (Table 2). When compared to the other four bean based diets, the fast cooking Manteca yellow bean diet had the highest Caco-2 ferritin formation in vitro (Table 3) and delivered the largest increase in Hb-Fe in vivo (Figure 1). Conclusions Through the added benefit of fast preparation times and improved iron quality after cooking, this study provides evidence that the Manteca market class is worthy of germplasm enhancement as a new convenience food to help alleviate trace mineral deficiencies in regions where beans are widely accepted as a dietary staple. Funding Sources USDA-NIFA. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Influence of temperature on growth and nitrogen fixation in cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L., inoculated with Rhizobium

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Response To Temperature

SUMMARYGrowth and nitrogen fixation of three cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L., inoculated with strain CIAT 161 of R. phaseoli, were compared at day-night temperatures of 36–25, 30–20 and 26–15 °C.Temperature affected the duration and magnitude of N2 (C2H2) fixation. Maximum fixation increased from 33·8 μmol C2H4 produced/plant/h at 35–25 °C to 73·0 μmol C2H4 produced/plant/h at 25–15 °C, but the peak in fixation was increasingly delayed as growth temperature was reduced. In the 25–15 °C treatment this delay in the onset of fixation led to decreasing leaf nitrogen concentrations and visible N-deficiency symptoms at the 28 day harvest.Varietal differences in response to temperature were not marked, though one cultivar achieved greater nodule development at 35–25 °C than the others. This earlyflowering cultivar again appeared weak in N2 (C2H2) fixation with low specific nodule activity at all temperatures studied.Results are related to bean production in Latin America, and to the possible need for ‘starter’ nitrogen in the cooler bean-producing regions.

Field screening accessions of Phaseolus vulgaris for capacity to nodulate over a range of environments

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Redden ◽  
A Diatloff ◽  
T Usher
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Field Screening ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Strain Compatibility ◽  
And Control ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Nineteen lines of Phaseolus vulgaris L. were identified as promising for nodulation ability in a sequence of 2 screenings from 1462 germplasm accessions. These 19 lines plus 4 checks were further evaluated over 4 sites (Rocklea in 1985; Hermitage, Kingaroy and Applethorpe in 1987) and were sown within split-blocks with main treatments of nitrogen fertiliser, inoculum applied, and control with nodulation dependent on indigenous rhizobia. Nitrogen fertiliser significantly suppressed nodulation at Applethorpe and Hermitage sites only. Inoculation with Rhizohium phuseoli strain CC511 was most effective at Applethorpe, the least fertile site. The control nodulated most at Kingaroy. Accession ICA2 1573 was exceptional in its ability to nodulate with indigenous or supplied inoculum, and in the presence of nitrogen fertiliser. This nodulating ability was also shown, less consistently, by accessions Epicure and Amarillo 155. Some accessions were treatment specific for nodulation level: the superior nodulation ability of Campbell 20 was strongly inhibited by nitrogen fertiliser; specific cultivar-Rhizobium strain compatibility was shown by Selection 46, Small White 38, and Red Mexican; BAT1 198 and G6637 were apparently incompatible with Rhizobium strain CC511. Other accessions showed site and treatment specific nodulation responses, while the check entry, Gallaroy, was consistently poor in nodulation throughout the trial.

ĐIỀU TRA, TINH SẠCH VÀ TÌM HIỂU TÍNH CHẤT ĐẶC TRƯNG CỦA LECTIN MỘT SỐ GIỐNG ĐẬU CÔ VE (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao Đăng Nguyên ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Hạnh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
White Bean

Đã điều tra lectin của 6 giống đậu cô ve thấy rằng cả 6 giống đều có hoạt tính lectin trong đó giống đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi (white bean core bush type white seeds) có hoạt tính lectin mạnh nhất, đặc biệt đối với hồng cầu trâu, bò, lợn. Lectin của 6 giống này đều không có biểu hiện đặc hiệu nhóm máu. Lectin đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi hoạt động tốt nhất ở nhiệt độ 300C – 400C, pH 6,8 – 7,6. Các đường α-D-glucose, α-D-galactose, D-mannose, D-fructose, D-saccharide,  D-lactose, D-arabinose và D-manitose ở nồng độ 0,05 – 0,1 M có tác dụng kìm hãm hoạt tính của lectin đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi. Lectin này cũng bị kìm hãm bởi protein của một số huyết thanh người và động vật (trâu, bò, lợn). Đã tinh sạch lectin đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi có độ tinh sạch gấp khoảng 52 lần so với dịch thô ban đầu. Trên gel polyacrylamide thấy xuất hiện 5 band có khối lượng phân tử trong khoảng 30 – 97 kDa.

Análisis de la variabilidad genética en poblaciones primitivas y silvestres de Phaseolus vulgaris, mediante marcadores bioquímicos y moleculares

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Marta Zulema Galván
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

El poroto común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es una leguminosa originaria de América y representa un componente importante en la dieta de la población latinoamericana por su alto contenido en proteínas y carbohidratos. El poroto cultivado se originó de los porotos silvestres, que son plantas anuales, herbáceas y trepadoras, que se distribuyen desde el norte de México hasta el noroeste de la Argentina. Estudios basados en caracteres morfológicos, bioquímicos y moleculares revelaron que tanto dentro de las variedades cultivadas como de las silvestres existen dos acervos génicos principales, uno Andino y el otro Mesoamericano. Las provincias del Noroeste Argentino (NOA) albergan un gran número de porotos silvestres y de variedades locales tradicionales (primitivas o “landraces”) mantenidas durante años en un sistema de cultivo tradicional. Sin embargo muchas de estas poblaciones están en peligro de extinción debido a las presiones de explotación forestal y pastoreo existentes en la zona, por lo que resulta de fundamental importancia su recolección y estudio. En esta tesis se analizó la variabilidad genética de un grupo de poblaciones silvestres y primitivas de poroto común del NOA, recolectadas en diferentes sitios de las provincias fitogeográficas de las Yungas, Prepuna y del Chaco, entre los 1300 y 2900 msnm, utilizando marcadores bioquímicos (proteínas de reserva de las semillas: faseolinas) y moleculares (RAPD e ISSR).

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