Humoral immunity and output of first-stage larvae of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi (Nematoda, Metastrongyloidea) by infected reindeer, Rangifer tarandus tarandus

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gaudernack ◽  
O. Halvoresen ◽  
A. Skorping ◽  
K. A. Stokkan
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Elaphostrongylus Rangiferi ◽  
Inverse Pattern

AbstractThe use of an indirect immunofluorescence technique demonstrated that serum from reindeer, Rangifer tarandus tarandus, infected with Elaphostrongylus rangiferi (Nematoda, Metastrongyloidea) contained antibodies directed against antigen(s) on the cuticle of the parasites first-stage larvae (LI). Output of LI from the male reindeer was low in the period June to August, but increased to a higher level during the rutting season (September to October). The titre of specific antibody showed an inverse pattern. In the female reindeer, larval output remained high throughout the sampling period from January to July. During this period antibody titre was low. A relationship between stress (rutting season or calving period), immunity and larval output is suggested.

Experimental infection of reindeer with Elaphostrongylus (Nematoda; Protostrongylidae) originating from reindeer, red deer, and moose

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odd Halvorsen ◽  
Arne Skorping ◽  
Karstein Bye
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Arianta Arbustorum ◽  
Elaphostrongylus Rangiferi

To test the hypothesis that palearctic cervids are infected with several species of Elaphostrongylus, reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) calves were inoculated with third-stage larvae grown in Arianta arbustorum from first-stage larvae extracted from reindeer, red deer (Cervus elaphus atlanticus), and moose (Alces alces) feces. None of the five reindeer calves inoculated with larvae from red deer and none of the three reindeer calves inoculated with larvae from moose became infected. Twelve of the 14 reindeer calves inoculated with larvae from reindeer became infected. Infection was demonstrated by finding first-stage larvae in the feces and (or) by finding worms at necropsy. These results suggest that several species of Elaphostrongylus parasitize palearctic cervids. In view of our results and the need for further taxonomic work on the group, it is argued that the names Elaphostrongylus cervi and Elaphostrongylus rangiferi should be reserved for worms from red deer and reindeer, respectively. Worms from moose may belong to an undescribed species.

Studies on Tyzzer's disease in rats

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Schaich Fries ◽  
O. Svendsen
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Post Mortem Findings ◽  
The Individual

An outbreak of an epidemic disease occurred in a specified-pathogen-free (SPF) breeding colony of rats. The clinical signs and the post-mortem findings were characteristic for Tyzzer's disease. The causative agent, Bacillus piliformis, was demonstrated microscopically in ileum, liver and myocardium, and transmitted to mice where its pathogenicity appeared to be similar to that of another strain isolated from mice. B. piliformis from spontaneously-infected rats was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence technique. By means of the same technique it was found that the fluorescence antibody titre obtained of the individual sera from spontaneously-infected mice, rats and rabbits was the same, whether the antigen employed was organisms isolated from rats or mice. By testing sera from healthy rats in 3 different colonies by use of immunofluorescence technique, antibodies were found in several sera.

scholarly journals Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Tryland ◽  
Terje D. Josefsen ◽  
Javier Sánchez Romano ◽  
Nina Marcin ◽  
Torill Mørk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Chemical Immobilization ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Scientific Experiment ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Verminous Pneumonia ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
Elaphostrongylus Rangiferi

Semidomesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus, n = 21) were scheduled twice for chemical immobilization with medetomidine–ketamine as part of a scientific experiment in June 2014. During the first round of immobilizations, seven animals developed severe respiratory depression (RD). Three individuals died, and 4 recovered. The ambient temperature during the 2 days of immobilization (June 3 and 4) was high (mean 13.9–17.6°C) compared to the normal mean temperature for these 2 days (7–8°C) based on statistical records. During the second round of immobilizations, using the same anesthetic protocol for the remaining animals as in the first round but conducted under cooler conditions (mean 6.6°C for the period June 9–18), no signs of RD were observed. Clinical and pathological investigations indicated that the animals suffered from circulatory changes possibly caused by high ambient temperatures and granulomatous interstitial pneumonia due to Elaphostrongylus rangiferi larvae. These conditions, together with the cardiovascular effects of medetomidine, were likely causes of RD and the fatal outcome. We conclude that chemical immobilization of reindeer with medetomidine–ketamine should be avoided in May–June due to the potential risk when animals partly in winter coats encounter rising ambient temperatures and usually have parasites developing in their airways.

scholarly journals Experimental studies of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus): Clinical observations

Rangifer ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Handeland ◽  
A. Skorping ◽  
S. Stuen ◽  
T. Slettbakk
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Elaphostrongylus Rangiferi

Clinical observations were made on 12 reindeer calves (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) experimentally infected with 200-1000 infective larvae of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi and autopsied 2.5-196 days post inoculation (p.i). Seven experimental animals autopsied later than 20 days p.i. all developed neurologic signs starting 4-8 weeks p.i. In six of these animals, signs lasted until autopsy 0-12 weeks after onset. The seventh animal recovered completely after a disease period lasting five months. A dose-response relationship between the infective dose and severity of signs was observed. Clinical signs observed in all affected animals were paraparesis, tail paresis and posterior ataxia. Other signs included lowered head, general weakness, lameness, tetraparesis, scoliosis, anal hypotonia, head and neck turn, depression and reduced vision. The prepa-tent period was 4-4.5 months.

scholarly journals Clinical outbreak of babesiosis caused by Babesia capreoli in captive reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus tarandus ) in the Netherlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan H. Bos ◽  
Fokko C. Klip ◽  
Hein Sprong ◽  
Els M. Broens ◽  
Marja J.L. Kik
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus
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