Polystoma nacialtuneli n. sp. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) from the eastern spadefoot, Pelobates syriacus (Pelobatidae) in Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Yildirimhan ◽  
L.H. Du Preez ◽  
O. Verneau
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Pelobates Cultripes

AbstractPolystoma nacialtuneli n. sp. is described from the urinary bladder of the eastern spadefoot, Pelobates syriacus from Turkey. This is the fifth polystome species known from Turkey and the third species in Pelobates. We show that this new parasite species can be distinguished from other polystome species in the area by a combination of characteristics, including parasite size and the shape and size of the hamuli. Polystoma pelobatis from Pelobates cultripes has a pair of well-developed hamuli, while P. fuscus from Pe. fuscus characteristically has a pair of underdeveloped hamuli barely larger than the marginal hooklets. Polystoma nacialtuneli n. sp. has well-developed hamuli that vary significantly in shape. Phylogenetic relationships of P. nacialtuneli n. sp. within Polystoma, supplemented with molecular divergences estimated from internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences, indicate that they are well separated from their closest relatives, i.e. P. fuscus and P. pelobatis from Pe. fuscus and Pe. cultripes, respectively.

Phylogeny of Palaearctic Pharyngodonidae parasite species of Testudinidae: a morphological approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 1885-1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah Bouamer ◽  
Serge Morand
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Morphological Approach ◽  
Species Descriptions

The phylogenetic relationships of 23 oxyurid species from five genera (21 parasite species of the Palaearctic Testudinidae, 1 parasite species of Uromastix acanthinurus Bell, 1825 from Algeria, and 1 parasite species of Cteno sa ura pectinata (Wiegmann, 1834) from Mexico) were investigated using 30 morphological characters obtained from species descriptions. The nonweighted analysis produced one shortest tree. All species of the ingroup form a monophyletic group and the oxyurid species of Testudinidae form a monophyletic group. The type species of the genus Alaeuris Thapar, 1925 is the basal member of the species parasitizing Testudinidae. The analysis confirms the monophyly of the genus Thaparia Ortlepp, 1933, whereas the genera Mehdiella Seurat, 1918 and Tachygonetria Wedl, 1862 are considered paraphyletic groups. The large diversification in the genus Tachygonetria is linked to their position in the host caecum. The ancestral state is in the paramucous and the derived state is in the centre of the caecum. This suggests that recent speciation in the group occurs in the centre of the caecum.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Relationships of Local Durian Species based on Morphological Characteristics and PCR-RFLP Analysis of the Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) DNA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Fidia Fibriana ◽  
Lutfia Nur Hadiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Restriction Pattern ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Pcr Products

<p>In this study, twenty local durian accessions obtained from Central Java in situ collection were characterized using the morphological characteristics and the restriction patterns which generated from the region spanning the internal transcribed spacers ITS LEU and ITS 4. Morphological characteristics of durian leaf, stem, tree, and fruit showed variations for the different accessions, whereas polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of ribosomal DNA region showed a low length of variation. The size of the PCR products and the restriction analyses with the restriction endonucleases Bsp1431yielded a restriction pattern for each accessions. The results of this study can be utilized by local durian farmers as a preliminary reference for durian propagation. The data obtained need to be supported by further research using the other molecular markers to obtain more accurate data. The clear identity of durian species can help the management of propagation systems by farmers to get superior local durian.</p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Fibriana, F., &amp; Hadiyanti, L. N. (2016). Phylogenetic Relationships of Local Durian Species based on Morphological Characteristics and PCR-RFLP Analysis of the Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) DNA. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</em>, 8(3), 362-370. </p>

Phylogenetic relationships among species of Ganoderma (Ganodermataceae, Basidiomycota) from Cameroon

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Kinge ◽  
A. M. Mih ◽  
M. P. A. Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
New Records ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
The Tropics

Ganoderma is an important genus of the Polyporales in the tropics. Identification of tropical species has mainly been based on morphology, which has led to misidentification. This study aimed to elucidate the diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Ganoderma isolates from different hosts in Cameroon using morphological and molecular techniques. Analyses of basidiocarp morphology and the internal transcribed spacer and mitochondria small subunit were undertaken for 28 isolates from five plant species. The results show that the isolates belong to eight species. Three of the species were identified to species level; of these only G. ryvardense has been previously described from Cameroon while G. cupreum and G. weberianum are new records. The five remaining species did not match with any previously described species and have been designated as Ganoderma with different species affinities.

Phylogenetic Relationships of Wildlife Order Carnivora in Thailand Inferred from the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunrat Chaveerach ◽  
Nattapong Srisamoot ◽  
Suporn Nuchadomro ◽  
Nison Sattayasai ◽  
Prapansak Chaveerach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region

scholarly journals Open removal as a first-line treatment of magnetic intravesical foreign bodies

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max A. Levine ◽  
Howard Evans
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Magnetic Beads ◽  
Minimally Invasive Techniques ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
The Third ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
First Line Treatment

Intravesical foreign bodies are an uncommon, but significant, cause of urologic consultation. We present 3 patients who all inserted magnetic beads per urethra into the urinary bladder, which subsequently became retained. Endoscopic attempts were unsuccessfully tried in the first 2 cases, necessitating open cystotomy to remove the beads. The third went straight to open removal. Given the failure of minimally invasive techniques, we believe that open removal should be the first-line treatment for these types of foreign bodies.

The phylogenetic relationships of the anaerobic chytridiomycetous gut fungi (Neocallimasticaceae) and the Chytridiomycota. I. Cladistic analysis of rRNA sequences

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1738-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinliang Li ◽  
I. Brent Heath
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Algorithm ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
Partial 18S

To clarify the phylogenetic relationships of the Chytridiomycota and the anaerobic fungi from the rumen and caecum of herbivorous animals, we analyzed the partial 18S rRNA sequences from 28 species ranging from protists to mammals and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and its adjacent sequences from four gut fungi and one chytrid by using three algorithms from the Phylogeny Inference Package (PHYLIP). To get the confidence limits for each branch, we applied bootstrapping for each algorithm. Our analysis on partial 18S rRNA sequences shows that the Chytridiomycota are clustered with other fungi with 98, 76, and 30% confidences in the Fitch–Margoliash, neighbour-joining, and maximum parsimony algorithms. None of these three algorithms place any of 17 protists from 12 phyla with the fungi, including the chytrids. The same analysis also shows that the Spizellomycetales and Chytridiales cluster with the gut fungi but does not identify which order is closest to them. These results suggest that the Chytridiomycota, including the gut fungi, are indeed fungi but the gut fungi might not belong to the Spizellomycetales. The phylogenetic trees generated by the above three algorithms, plus the maximum likelihood algorithm, based on ITS1 and its adjacent regions show that Anaeromyces is more distant from Orpinomyces, Neocallimastix, and Piromyces. However, they failed to determine the relationships among the last three genera. Key words: Chytridiomycota, gut fungi, rumen fungi, phylogeny, rRNA sequences.

scholarly journals An ITS-based phylogenetic framework for the genus Vorticella : finding the molecular and morphological gaps in a taxonomically difficult group

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1771) ◽  
pp. 20131177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Sun ◽  
John C. Clamp ◽  
Dapeng Xu ◽  
Bangqin Huang ◽  
Mann Kyoon Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Branching Order ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework

Vorticella includes more than 100 currently recognized species and represents one of the most taxonomically challenging genera of ciliates. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Vorticella has been performed so far with only sequences coding for small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA); only a few of its species have been investigated using other genetic markers owing to a lack of similar sequences for comparison. Consequently, phylogenetic relationships within the genus remain unclear, and molecular discrimination between morphospecies is often difficult because most regions of the SSU rRNA gene are too highly conserved to be helpful. In this paper, we move molecular systematics for this group of ciliates to the infrageneric level by sequencing additional molecular markers—fast-evolving internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions—in a broad sample of 66 individual samples of 28 morphospecies of Vorticella collected from Asia, North America and Europe. Our phylogenies all featured two strongly supported, highly divergent, paraphyletic clades (I, II) comprising the morphologically defined genus Vorticella . Three major lineages made up clade I, with a relatively well-resolved branching order in each one. The marked divergence of clade II from clade I confirms that the former should be recognized as a separate taxonomic unit as indicated by SSU rRNA phylogenies. We made the first attempt to elucidate relationships between species in clade II using both morphological and multi-gene approaches, and our data supported a close relationship between some morphospecies of Vorticella and Opisthonecta , indicating that relationships between species in the clade are far more complex than would be expected from their morphology. Different patterns of helix III of ITS2 secondary structure were clearly specific to clades and subclades of Vorticella and, therefore, may prove useful for resolving phylogenetic relationships in other groups of ciliates.

Phylogenetic relationships of the monogenomic species of the wheat tribe, Triticeae (Poaceae), inferred from nuclear rDNA (internal transcribed spacer) sequences

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hsiao ◽  
N. J. Chatterton ◽  
K. H. Asay ◽  
K. B. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cytogenetic Evidence

Phylogenetic relationships of 30 diploid species of Triticeae (Poaceae) representing 19 genomes were estimated from the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The ITS sequence phylogeny indicated that: (i) each genome group of species is monophyletic, concordant with cytogenetic evidence; (ii) Hordeum (I) and Critesion (H) are basal; (iii) Australopyrum (W) is closely related to Agropyron (P); (iv) Peridictyon (G), Heteranthelium (Q), and Dasypyrum (V) are closely related to Pseudoroegneria (S); (v) most of the annuals, Triticum s.l. (A, B, D), Crithopsis (K), Taeniatherum (T), Eremopyrum (F), Henrardia (O), Secale (R), and two perennials, Thinopyrum (J) and Lophopyrum (E), all of Mediterranean origin, are a monophyletic group. However, phylogenetic trees based on morphology group these Mediteranean species with various perennial lineages of the Arctic-temperate region. The molecular data and biogeography of the tribe suggest that the Mediterranean lineage is derived from the Arctic-temperate lineage and that the two lineages have evolved in parallel. Extensive morphological parallelism apparently obscures the true genealogical history of the tribe when only morphology is considered.Key words: Poaceae, Triticeae, rDNA sequence, molecular phylogeny, parallel evolution.

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