scholarly journals Transmissible drug resistance in an epidemic strain ofSalmonella typhimurium

1962 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Datta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Epidemic Strain ◽  
No Elimination

Among 309 cultures ofSalmonella typhimurium, phage-type 27, fifteen, isolated from eight patients, were found to be resistant to the three drugs, streptomycin, tetracycline and sulphathiazole. This triple resistance could be transferred by growth in mixed broth culture to a strain ofSkigella sonneiand back again to sensitive cultures ofS. typhimurium. In whole cultures the resistance was stable, but spontaneous loss could be demonstrated in a small proportion of the organisms in such cultures. No elimination of resistance was demonstrated after treatment with acriflavine. Resemblances to the multiple drug resistance in enteric bacteria reported from Japan are noted.The author is most grateful to Dr E. S. Anderson, Director of the Enteric Reference Laboratory, Colindale, N.W. 9, for phage-typing the cultures ofSalmonella typhimurium, and to Dr K. Patricia Carpenter, Director of the Dysentery Reference Laboratory, for supplying cultures ofSh. sonneiwhich were essential for the experimental work.

scholarly journals Assessment of Murraya koenigii Leaf Extract against New Multiple Drug Resistance Human Enteric Pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 2647-2652
Author(s):  
Rudrangshu Chatterjee ◽  
Dushyant Singh ◽  
M.L. Aggarwal ◽  
Ajit Varma ◽  
Abhishek Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections

Sewage waters are the primary habitats to harbour antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) especially multi-drug resistance (MDR) human enteric pathogens. Microorganisms acquire resistance towards many commercial antibiotics due to their inappropriate use. In this study, human enteric pathogens were isolated, identified and characterized and shows the resistance against five different clinically significant commonly prescribed antibiotics. The bacterial strains were isolated from different sewage treatment plants located in Delhi city, India. Samples were analyzed for the detection of pathogenic human enteric bacteria through morphological, biochemical and molecular analysis. Methanolic leaf extract of Murraya koenigii showed the significant antibacterial activity against multi drug resistant human enteric pathogens. Thus, Murraya koenigii leaves would be a potential alterantive to antibiotic regimens for the prevention of gastrointestinal infections.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Herbal Drug Resistance in Enteric Bacteria Isolated from Faecal Droppings of Common House Lizard/Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhoj R. Singh ◽  
Vidya Singh ◽  
N. Ebibeni ◽  
Raj K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Herbal Drug ◽  
Raoultella Terrigena ◽  
Common House

From 194 faecal dropping samples of common house geckos collected from offices (60), houses (88), integrated farm units (IFS,18) and hostels, guest houses, and dining rooms of different canteen/mess (HGM, 28), 326 bacterial isolates of enteric bacteria belonging to 17 genera and 34 species were detected.Escherichia coliwere the most frequently (39) isolated followed byCitrobacter freundii(33),Klebsiella pneumonia(27),Salmonella indica(12),Enterobacter gergoviae(12), andEnt. agglomerans(11). Other important bacteria isolated from gecko droppings wereListonella damsela(2),Raoultella terrigena(3),S. salamae(2),S. houtenae(3),Edwardsiella tarda(4),Edwardsiella hoshinae(1), andKlebsiella oxytoca(2). Of the 223 isolates tested for antimicrobial drug sensitivity, 27 (12.1%) had multiple drug resistance (MDR). None of the salmonellae or edwardsiellae had MDR however, MDR strains were significantly more common amongEscherichiaspp. (P=1.9×10-5) and isolates from IFS units (P=3.58×10-23). The most effective herbal drug,Ageratum conyzoidesextract, inhibited growth of only 27.8% of strains tested followed by ethanolic extract ofZanthoxylum rhetsa(13.9%), eucalyptus oil (5.4%), patchouli oil (5.4%), lemongrass oil (3.6%), and sandalwood oil (3.1%), andArtemisia vulgarisessential oil (3.1%).

Do Multiple Drug Resistance Transporters Interfere with Cell Functioning under Normal Conditions?

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1560-1569
Author(s):  
D. A. Knorre ◽  
K. V. Galkina ◽  
T. Shirokovskikh ◽  
A. Banerjee ◽  
R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug

scholarly journals Amelioration of the Cost of Conjugative Plasmid Carriage in Eschericha coli K12

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 1641-1649
Author(s):  
Cecilia Dahlberg ◽  
Lin Chao
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Energetic Cost ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Bacterial Plasmid ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Although plasmids can provide beneficial functions to their host bacteria, they might confer a physiological or energetic cost. This study examines how natural selection may reduce the cost of carrying conjugative plasmids with drug-resistance markers in the absence of antibiotic selection. We studied two plasmids, R1 and RP4, both of which carry multiple drug resistance genes and were shown to impose an initial fitness cost on Escherichia coli. To determine if and how the cost could be reduced, we subjected plasmid-containing bacteria to 1100 generations of evolution in batch cultures. Analysis of the evolved populations revealed that plasmid loss never occurred, but that the cost was reduced through genetic changes in both the plasmids and the bacteria. Changes in the plasmids were inferred by the demonstration that evolved plasmids no longer imposed a cost on their hosts when transferred to a plasmid-free clone of the ancestral E. coli. Changes in the bacteria were shown by the lowered cost when the ancestral plasmids were introduced into evolved bacteria that had been cured of their (evolved) plasmids. Additionally, changes in the bacteria were inferred because conjugative transfer rates of evolved R1 plasmids were lower in the evolved host than in the ancestral host. Our results suggest that once a conjugative bacterial plasmid has invaded a bacterial population it will remain even if the original selection is discontinued.

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