Serological evidence of continuing infection of swine in Great Britain with an influenza A virus (H3N2)

SummarySerum samples collected from swine and cattle in Great Britain at various times between July 1971 and July 1977 were examined by haemagglutination-inhibition or single radial haemolysis methods for evidence of infection with influenza A (H3N2) viruses. A small proportion of swine sera collected in each year reacted in the tests but there was no evidence of infection in cattle. The significance of the findings is discussed, with particular reference to the seasonal fluctuations in the prevalence of antibody in swine observed during the period of the study, and their possible relevance to influenzal events in the human population. None of the sera tested had antibody to swine influenza strains (HSw1N1).

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Serological survey of the influenza A virus in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds in 2011–2015

Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.1515/jvetres-2017-0020 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 157-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ewelina Czyżewska-Dors ◽

Arkadiusz Dors ◽

Krzysztof Kwit ◽

Zygmunt Pejsak ◽

Małgorzata Pomorska-Mól

Keyword(s):

Influenza A Virus ◽

Influenza A ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Swine Influenza ◽

Seroprevalence Rate ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Molecular Surveillance ◽

Surveillance Programme ◽

Future Studies ◽

Swine Influenza A Virus

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of swine influenza A virus (SIV) in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds.Material and Methods: Serum samples collected from 5,952 pigs, from 145 farrow-to-finish herds were tested for the presence of antibodies against H1N1, H1N1pdm09, H1N2, and H3N2 SIV subtypes using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Samples with HI titres equal or higher than 20 were considered positive.Results: HI antibodies to at least one of the analysed SIV subtypes were detected in 129 (89%) herds and in 2,263 (38%) serum samples. Antibodies to multiple SIV subtypes were detected in 104 (71.7%) herds and in 996 (16.7%) serum samples. Concerning the seroprevalence rate, according to age category, the highest prevalence of the antibodies was detected in weaners, with regard to the H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2, and in sows, with regard to the H1N1pdm09. The lowest seroprevalence for all evaluated SIV subtypes was detected in finishers.Conclusion: The study indicates that antibodies against single and multiple SIV subtypes are circulating in Polish farrow-to-finish herds and highlights the importance of conducting a molecular surveillance programme in future studies.

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Detection of H1 Swine Influenza A Virus Antibodies in Human Serum Samples by Age Group1

Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽

10.3201/eid2609.191796 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2118-2128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elien Vandoorn ◽

Isabel Leroux-Roels ◽

Geert Leroux-Roels ◽

Anna Parys ◽

Amy Vincent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Serum ◽

Influenza A Virus ◽

Influenza A ◽

Swine Influenza ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Human Serum Samples ◽

Swine Influenza A Virus

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Influenza D Virus: Serological Evidence in the Italian Population from 2005 to 2017

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v12010030 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 30 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Claudia M. Trombetta ◽

Serena Marchi ◽

Ilaria Manini ◽

Otfried Kistner ◽

Feng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Sharp Increase ◽

Human Population ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Conclusive Evidence ◽

Italian Population ◽

Serological Study ◽

Serological Evidence ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Natural Reservoir

Influenza D virus is a novel influenza virus, which was first isolated from an ailing swine in 2011 and later detected in cattle, suggesting that these animals may be a primary natural reservoir. To date, few studies have been performed on human samples and there is no conclusive evidence on the ability of the virus to infect humans. The aim of this serological study was to assess the prevalence of antibodies against influenza D virus in human serum samples collected in Italy from 2005 to 2017. Serum samples were analysed by haemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralization assays. The results showed that the prevalence of antibodies against the virus increased in the human population in Italy from 2005 to 2017, with a trend characterized by a sharp increase in some years, followed by a decline in subsequent years. The virus showed the ability to infect and elicit an immune response in humans. However, prevalence peaks in humans appear to follow epidemics in animals and not to persist in the human population.

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