High genetic similarity between geographically distant populations in a sea anemone with low dispersal capabilities

Samples of the large sublittoral sea anemone Urticina eques (Gosse) were collected from three localities in the northern North Sea and from one locality in the northern Irish Sea. Around the coast the total distance between sampling sites is approximately 1,200 km. The species has a large lecithotrophic larva which may not be planktonic. All samples were screened genetically for 13 loci coding for 11 different enzymes. Results overall indicated a high degree of genetic uniformity over the four populations sampled (FST = 0·025). The data are discussed in relation to current ideas of larval dispersal and results from other similar studies. It is concluded that the lack of genetic differentiation shown by Urticina eques is surprising given the apparently poor dispersive powers of the larva.

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Amphipods of the shallow-water sand community in the northern Irish Sea

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400038066 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 1003-1024 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A. A. Fincham

Keyword(s):

Shallow Water ◽

Indicator Species ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Irish Sea ◽

Amphipod Species ◽

Northern Irish ◽

Degree Of Association ◽

High Degree

Analysis of grab samples from the shallow-water sand community (0—6 m) in the northern Irish Sea has shown that there is an increase in the diversity and in the abundance of amphipod species westwards. The most frequently occurring and the over-all dominant species is Bathyporeia elegans. Six indicator species (Ampelisca brevicornis, Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana, B. elegans, B. nana, Perioculodes longimanus and Pontocrates arenarius) with a high degree of association are present in varying proportions throughout the community.

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High genetic similarity of Salmonella Enteritidis as a predominant serovar by an independent survey in three large-scale chicken farms in China

Poultry Science ◽

10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.038 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhang Jian ◽

Wei Luo ◽

Guifeng Liu ◽

Yang Wang ◽

Shizhong Geng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Similarity ◽

Salmonella Enteritidis ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Genetic Similarity

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Ophiocordyceps salganeicola, a parasite of social cockroaches in Japan and insights into the evolution of other closely-related Blattodea-associated lineages

IMA Fungus ◽

10.1186/s43008-020-00053-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

João P. M. Araújo ◽

Mitsuru G. Moriguchi ◽

Shigeru Uchiyama ◽

Noriko Kinjo ◽

Yu Matsuura

Keyword(s):

Genetic Similarity ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Evolutionary Relationships ◽

Ryukyu Archipelago ◽

Phylogenetic Placement ◽

The Social ◽

Host Jump ◽

High Degree ◽

A New Species

AbstractThe entomopathogenic genus Ophiocordyceps includes a highly diverse group of fungal species, predominantly parasitizing insects in the orders Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. However, other insect orders are also parasitized by these fungi, for example the Blattodea (termites and cockroaches). Despite their ubiquity in nearly all environments insects occur, blattodeans are rarely found infected by filamentous fungi and thus, their ecology and evolutionary history remain obscure. In this study, we propose a new species of Ophiocordyceps infecting the social cockroaches Salganea esakii and S. taiwanensis, based on 16 years of collections and field observations in Japan, especially in the Ryukyu Archipelago. We found a high degree of genetic similarity between specimens from different islands, infecting these two Salganea species and that this relationship is ancient, likely not originating from a recent host jump. Furthermore, we found that Ophiocordyceps lineages infecting cockroaches evolved around the same time, at least twice, one from beetles and the other from termites. We have also investigated the evolutionary relationships between Ophiocordyceps and termites and present the phylogenetic placement of O. cf. blattae. Our analyses also show that O. sinensis could have originated from an ancestor infecting termite, instead of beetle larvae as previously proposed.

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Genetic Similarity of Avena sativa L. Varieties as an Example of a Narrow Genetic Pool of Contemporary Cereal Species

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071424 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1424

Author(s):

Magdalena Cieplak ◽

Sylwia Okoń ◽

Krystyna Werwińska

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Avena Sativa ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Central European ◽

Cereal Species ◽

Genetic Pool ◽

Selection Of ◽

High Genetic Similarity

The assessment of the genetic diversity of cultivated varieties is a very important element of breeding programs. This allows the determination of the level of genetic differentiation of cultivated varieties, their genetic distinctiveness, and is also of great importance in the selection of parental components for crossbreeding. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of genetic diversity of oat varieties currently grown in Central Europe based on two marker systems: ISSR and SCoT. The research conducted showed that both these types of markers were suitable for conducting analyses relating to the assessment of genetic diversity. The calculated coefficients showed that the analyzed cultivars were characterized by a high genetic similarity. However, the UPGMA and PCoA analyses clearly indicated the distinctiveness of the breeding programs conducted in Central European countries. The high genetic similarity of the analyzed forms allow us to conclude that it is necessary to expand the genetic pool of oat varieties. Numerous studies show that landraces may be the donor of genetic variation.

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