Conqueria laevis gen. and sp. nov., a new soft-walled, monothalamous foraminiferan from the deep Weddell Sea

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Gooday ◽  
Jan Pawlowski
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Short Neck ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Cylindrical Test

Conqueria laevis gen. and sp. nov., a new monothalamous agglutinated foraminiferan, is described from core samples collected in the abyssal western Weddell Sea. The species is characterized by a very elongate, almost cylindrical test that usually follows a more or less curved course and has a single terminal aperture located at the end of a short neck. The wall has a very smooth outer surface and is composed of tiny (<5 μm) agglutinated particles. Very similar and presumably congeneric morphotypes occur at northern hemisphere sites, including Arctic fjords around Svalbard and the Porcupine Abyssal Plain. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on small subunit rRNA gene sequences, indicate that the new Weddell Sea species forms an independent lineage branching among monothalamous foraminiferans as a sister group to the clade of Psammophaga.

scholarly journals Description of Eurystomatella sinica n. gen., n. sp., with establishment of a new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. (Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia) and analyses of its phylogeny inferred from sequences of the small-subunit rRNA gene

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Miao ◽  
Yangang Wang ◽  
Weibo Song ◽  
John C. Clamp ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
New Family ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Great Divergence

Recently, an undescribed marine ciliate was isolated from China. Investigation of its morphology and infraciliature revealed it as an undescribed species representing a new genus, Eurystomatella n. gen., the type of the new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. The new family is defined by close-set, apically positioned oral membranelles and a dominant buccal field that is surrounded by an almost completely circular paroral membrane. The new genus is defined by having a small oral membranelle 1 (M1), bipartite M2 and well-developed M3, a body surface faintly sculptured with a silverline system in a quadrangular, reticulate pattern and a cytostome located at the anterior third of a large buccal field. The type species of the new genus, Eurystomatella sinica n. sp., is a morphologically unique form that is defined mainly by the combination of a conspicuously flattened body, several caudal cilia, extremely long cilia associated with the buccal apparatus and a contractile vacuole located subcaudally. According to phylogenetic analyses of small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences, Eurystomatella clusters with the genus Cyclidium, as a sister group to the family Pleuronematidae. The great divergence in both buccal and somatic ciliature between Eurystomatella and all other known scuticociliates supports the establishment of a new family for Eurystomatella.

Redescriptions of three trachelocercid ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora, Karyorelictea), with notes on their phylogeny based on small subunit rRNA gene sequences

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3506-3514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yan ◽  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Zhenzhen Yi ◽  
Alan Warren
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
First Time

Three trachelocercid ciliates, Kovalevaia sulcata (Kovaleva, 1966) Foissner, 1997, Trachelocerca sagitta (Müller, 1786) Ehrenberg, 1840 and Trachelocerca ditis (Wright, 1982) Foissner, 1996, isolated from two coastal habitats at Qingdao, China, were investigated using live observation and silver impregnation methods. Data on their infraciliature and morphology are supplied. The small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) genes of K. sulcata and Trachelocerca sagitta were sequenced for the first time. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA gene sequence data indicate that both organisms, and the previously sequenced Trachelocerca ditis, are located within the trachelocercid assemblage and that K. sulcata is sister to an unidentified taxon forming a clade that is basal to the core trachelocercids.

Small-subunit rRNA gene sequences from representatives of selected families of the Gigartinales and Rhodymeniales (Rhodophyta). 1. Evidence for the Plocamiales ord.nov.

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1250-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Saunders ◽  
G. T. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Nucleotide sequences of the nuclear, small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNAs, as inferred from polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products, are presented for Areschougia congesta (Turner) J. Agardh (Solieriaceae), Dasyphloea insignis Montagne (Dumontiaceae), Sarcothalia crassifolia (C. Agardh) Edyvane & Womersley (Gigartinaceae), Nizymenia australis Sonder (Nizymeniaceae), Phacelocarpus peperocarpos (Poiret) Wynne, Ardré & Silva (Phacelocarpaceae), Plocamiocolax pulvinata Setchell, Plocamium angustum (J. Agardh) J.D. Hooker, Plocamium cartilagineum (Linnaeus) Dixon (Plocamiaceae), Rhodymenia linearis J. Agardh (Rhodymeniaceae), and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius Stackhouse (Sphaerococcaceae). Phylogenetic analyses of the SSU sequences between the Plocamiaceae and members of the Sphaerococcaceae, Phacelocarpaceae, and Nizymeniaceae, with which the Plocamiaceae has been associated historically, show SSU differences of between 87 and 105 nucleotides and do not indicate a close relationship. A review of anatomical knowledge of the Plocamiaceae and Pseudoanemoniaceae and new information on vegetative and tetrasporangial development in Plocamium and Plocamiocolax are presented to buttress a case for the Plocamiales ord.nov. Representatives of the Nizymeniaceae and Phacelocarpaceae differ from one another by only nine nucleotides, suggesting that these two taxa are very closely related and perhaps not distinct at the family rank. Key words: Gigartinales, PCR, phylogeny, Plocamiales ord.nov., Pseudoanemoniaceae, Rhodophyta, small-subunit rRNA, systematics.

Small-subunit rRNA gene sequences from representatives of selected families of the Gigartinales and Rhodymeniales (Rhodophyta). 2. Recognition of the Halymeniales ord.nov.

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Saunders ◽  
G. T. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Botanical Nomenclature ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Suggested Keywords ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Nucleotide sequences of the nuclear, small-subunit ribosomal RNAs, as inferred from polymerase chain reaction amplified products, are introduced for representatives of the Dumontiaceae, Endocladiaceae, Halymeniaceae, and Kallymeniaceae of the order Cryptonemiales sensu Kylin, the Mychodeaceae, Phyllophoraceae, Schizymeniaceae, and Sebdeniaceae of the order Gigartinales sensu Kylin, and the Lomentariaceae and Rhodymeniaceae of the order Rhodymeniales. The new sequences are included in phylogenetic analyses incorporating previously published sequences from additional families of the orders Ahnfeltiales, Ceramiales, Gigartinales, Gracilariales, Palmariales, Plocamiales, and Rhodymeniales. We used the molecular data to test the validity of the taxonomic merger of the orders Gigartinales and Cryptonemiales that was proposed by G.T. Kraft and P.A. Robins in 1985. With only two exceptions (the families Halymeniaceae and Sebdeniaceae), phylogenetic analyses of the SSU data support a monophyletic origin for a combined Gigartinales–Cryptonemiales. We therefore propose the resurrection of a redefined Cryptonemiales to consist, at this time, of only the Halymeniaceae and Sebdeniaceae. Because virtually no elements of the original or recent definitions of the Cryptonemiales survive in the characterization of this taxon, we followed procedures allowed by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature to designate it the Halymeniales ord.nov. Analysis of molecular data further indicates that the Rhodymeniales is a monophyletic assemblage distinct from both the Gigartinales and Halymeniales; it should not be merged with the Gigartinales as is occasionally suggested. Keywords: Cryptonemiales, Gigartinales, Halymeniaceae, Halymeniales, phylogeny, Rhodophyta, Sebdeniaceae, small-subunit rRNA, systematics.

Morphology, morphogenesis and small-subunit rRNA gene sequence of the novel brackish-water ciliate Strongylidium orientale sp. nov. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 1155-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xumiao Chen ◽  
Miao Miao ◽  
Honggang Ma ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene

A novel stichotrich ciliate, Strongylidium orientale sp. nov., was discovered from a mangrove river in Hong Kong, southern China, and its morphology was investigated through observations in vivo and after protargol impregnation. Cells are 80–120×35–50 µm in vivo and fusiform in shape, with rounded anterior and tapered posterior ends. It is characterized by its brackish habitat and by the presence of two types of cortical granules arranged irregularly throughout the cortex. Morphogenetic events of cell division and physiological reorganization are described. The main ontogenetic features were: (i) only the posterior portion of the parental adoral zone of membranelles was renewed by dedifferentiation of the old structures; (ii) the oral primordium in the opisthe occurred apokinetally; (iii) the left and right ventral rows originated intrakinetally and the final left ventral row was spliced from two cirri from the frontoventral cirral anlage, a short cirral row from the anlage for the right ventral row and a long cirral row which was formed from the whole anlage of the left ventral row; (iv) the marginal rows developed intrakinetally; (v) the dorsal kineties replicated entirely de novo and did not fragment; and (vi) the two macronuclear nodules fused into a mass and then divided. Based on small-subunit rRNA gene sequences, phylogenetic analyses showed a close relationship with its congener Strongylidium pseudocrassum and with the genus Pseudouroleptus.

scholarly journals Two new marine ciliates, Euplotes sinicus sp. nov. and Euplotes parabalteatus sp. nov., and a new small subunit rRNA gene sequence of Euplotes rariseta (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea, Euplotida)

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1241-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamei Jiang ◽  
Qianqian Zhang ◽  
Xiaozhong Hu ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages

The morphology, infraciliature and silverline system of two marine Euplotes, Euplotes sinicus sp. nov. and Euplotes parabalteatus sp. nov., isolated from seawater near Qingdao, China, were investigated. E. sinicus is characterized by having conspicuous dorsal ridges, a single marginal cirrus and a silverline system of the double-patella-I type. E. parabalteatus is an extremely small form (only about 35 μm long) with 6–7 dorsal kineties and a silverline system of the double-eurystomus type. Small subunit (SSU) rRNA-based phylogenetic trees were constructed with three different methods and these firmly demonstrated that the novel species represent two distinct phylogenetic lineages within the genus Euplotes, branching as a sister group to all other sequenced congeners. In addition, the SSU rRNA gene of another rare, morphologically similar form, Euplotes rariseta, was sequenced. This revealed the phylogenetic position of E. rariseta to be basal to one of the major groups of Euplotes rather than close to Euplotes nobilii.

Morphology and small-subunit rRNA gene sequences of two novel marine ciliates, Metanophrys orientalis spec. nov. and Uronemella sinensis spec. nov. (Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia), with an improved diagnosis of the genus Uronemella

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3515-3523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuming Pan ◽  
Mingzhuang Zhu ◽  
Honggang Ma ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
Xiaozhong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Contractile Vacuole ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Marine Habitat ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene

The morphology and infraciliature of two novel marine scuticociliates, Metanophrys orientalis spec. nov. and Uronemella sinensis spec. nov., collected from sandy beaches at Qingdao, China, were investigated using live observation and protargol-staining methods. Metanophrys orientalis spec. nov. is distinguished by the following characteristics: marine habitat and a slender to elongate oval body with pointed anterior end and rounded caudal end, in vivo about 25–50 µm long; buccal field about a quarter to a third of body length; nine or ten somatic kineties with dikinetids approximately in anterior half of body, monokinetids in posterior half; membranelles 1 and 2 almost equal in length and composed of two and three longitudinal rows of kinetids respectively; paroral membrane with zigzag structure extending anteriorly to middle portion of membranelle 2; contractile vacuole pore located at posterior end of somatic kinety 1. The genus Uronemella is redefined as follows: marine form with an elongate-elliptical or inverted pear-shaped body; apical plate conspicuous; buccal field about two-thirds of body length, cytostome subequatorially located; oral apparatus Uronema-like; somatic kineties comprising a mixture of dikinetids and monokinetids. Uronemella sinensis spec. nov. is recognized by having an elongate-elliptical body with truncated apical frontal plate, size in vivo about 25–35×15–20 µm, nine or ten somatic kineties, membranelle 1 consisting of two or three basal bodies, contractile vacuole pore at posterior end of somatic kinety 1. This study also compared the small-subunit rRNA gene sequences of these two species with other closely related species to show the sequence divergence, which ranged from 3.53 to 9.60 %. Phylogenetic analyses support the contention that the genus Uronemella is monophyletic, while Metanophrys is non-monophyletic.

scholarly journals Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Pleuronema orientale spec. nov. and Pleuronema paucisaetosum spec. nov. (Ciliophora, Scuticociliata) from Hangzhou Bay, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4800-4808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Pan ◽  
Juxiang Hu ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
Liqing Wang ◽  
Jiamei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Hangzhou Bay ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene

Two novel species, Pleuronema orientale spec. nov. and Pleuronema paucisaetosum spec. nov., isolated from coastal waters of Hangzhou Bay, China, were investigated with standard methods. Pleuronema orientale is characterized as follows: size in vivo 95–135 × 50–85 μm; usually one spherical macronucleus; 12–15 prolonged caudal cilia; two or three preoral kineties and 42–50 somatic kineties; membranelle 1 (M1) about 20 % of the anterior fragment of membranelle 2 (M2a) in length, consisting of three longitudinal rows of kinetosomes; posterior end of M2a hook-like; membranelle 3 (M3) three-rowed. Pleuronema paucisaetosum is characterized as follows: size in vivo about 55–85 × 25–55 μm; four or five preoral kineties and 21–23 somatic kineties; posterior end of M2a hook-like; M3 three-rowed. The small-subunit rRNA gene was sequenced for both species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that P. orientale is most closely related to Pleuronema puytoraci and that P. paucisaetosum is sister to Pleuronema grolierei and Pleuronema setigerum (GenBank accession no. JX310015). With the inclusion of the two new sequences, the monophyly of the genus Pleuronema is not supported.

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