Changes in appendicularian Oikopleura dioica abundance caused by invasion of alien ctenophores in the Black Sea

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Shiganova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Total Zooplankton ◽  
Oikopleura Dioica ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Term Data

Oikopleura dioica is the only recorded appendicularian in the Black Sea. During the last two decades major changes in the O. dioica population size as well as total zooplankton community structures were recorded when invasive ctenophore species appeared in the Black Sea ecosystem. The state of the O. dioica population, before the invasion of ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata, is reviewed. The effect of the invasion of these ctenophores on the total zooplankton and particularly on the O. dioica standing stock is summarized from our long-term data and published information. The abundance, biomass and species composition of zooplankton greatly decreased after the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi invasion due to predation by M. leidyi. Specifically, the abundance of O. dioica declined at that period. But with increasing numbers of a new invader, the ctenophore Beroe ovata, a predator of M. leidyi, in 1999, the zooplankton community began to recover. The population density of Oikopleura dioica also gradually increased to a level that was within the range of its abundance before the M. leidyi outbreak and even higher due to increasing its prey bacteria, which was provoked by the mucus released by B. ovata.

Effect of invasive ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata on low trophic webs of the Black Sea ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 434-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Shiganova ◽  
A.S. Mikaelyan ◽  
S. Moncheva ◽  
K. Stefanova ◽  
V.K. Chasovnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Trophic Webs

Effect of starvation on the biochemical compositions and respiration rates of ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata in the Black Sea

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Anninsky ◽  
G.A. Finenko ◽  
G.I. Abolmasova ◽  
E.S. Hubareva ◽  
L.S. Svetlichny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Wet Weight

The proximate biochemical composition and metabolic rates of ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata from the Black Sea were examined with respect to starvation conditions. Although organic matter content in B. ovata was two times higher than that of M. leidyi (2.51 ±0.53 and 1.14 ±0.17 mg g-1 of wet weight, respectively), these species did not significantly differ in their biochemical composition. In both species protein formed about 80% of the total organic matter, lipids amounted to about 10%. Carbohydrate and amino acids measured separately made up less than 6.5% of the total organic matter. Under experimental starvation (18 days at 16—18°C for B. ovata and 8 days at 12.4°C for M. leidyi), wet weights of both ctenophore species were reduced by 9.4% and 9.3% d-1, respectively. The rate of organic matter decrease was nearly two times lower than that of wet weight being on average 5.9% d-1 in M. leidyi and 5.5% d-1 in B. ovata. There was no trend in percentage of the four major biochemical categories with starvation time. The glycogen content in polysaccharides reached maximum values in freshly collected ctenophores (76.0 ±7.9% in B. ovata, and 86.6% in M. leidyi), but it was reduced substantially (34.4 ±2.7% in B. ovata and 18.3—28.8% in M. leidyi) with starvation. Monosaccharide content, expressed as a percentage of total carbohydrate, decreased from 39.9% to 13.5% in B. ovata, and from 45.8% to 14.3—23.2% in M. leidyi. The relationship between respiration rate (R) and wet weight (W) of individuals during the starvation can be expressed by power function R = R1 Wk (r2=0.85—0.94; P>0.001) for both ctenophore species. On average, k values were 0.95 and 0.83 in B. ovata and in M. leidyi, respectively. By the end of the starvation, metabolic rate per unit wet weight decreased by 33% in B. ovata and 46% in M. leidyi. Organic matter utilization was almost totally explained by respiration of ctenophores in the experiments and exceeded metabolic requirements of studied species by 11% and 15%, correspondingly. As compared with Mnemiopsis, Beroe has better tolerance to starvation which explains to some extent the success of the species survival during prolonged periods of food shortage in the Black Sea conditions.

scholarly journals First record of Pseudodiaptomus marinus (Copepoda: Calanoida: Pseudodiaptomidae) in the Black Sea (Sevastopol Bay)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Garbazey ◽  
E. V. Popova ◽  
A. D. Gubanova ◽  
D. A. Altukhov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Pseudodiaptomus Marinus

Pseudodiaptomus marinus was initially discovered at the end of September 2016 in a sample taken during a long-term plankton survey of Sevastopol Bay started in 2002. We found 6 females and 12 copepodites (I-V stages) of P. marinus at the center of Sevastopol Bay (St. 3) on September 22. At the mouth of Bay (St. 2) the species was not found. Both females and copepodite stages I-V of P. marinus were found at the both stations on November 11. Abundance of P. marinus increased to 1236 individuals in sample (1373 ind/m3) at the center of the bay. Moreover, two individuals of P. marinus nauplii identified by Sazhina, were found in this sample. At the mouth of the bay abundance of the invasive species reached 103 individuals in sample (103 ind/m3). It is considered to be native to the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, but now species is widespread across the world. Brilinski described in details its distribution in the World's oceans. Recently P. marinus has been found in the Atlantic Ocean in the North Sea and in the Mediterranean Sea. P. marinus is a typical estuarine coastal copepod, living in shallow eutrophic inshore waters. It is tolerant to a wide range of salinity (2.5-35 ptt) and temperature (5-28 ºC) and has the highest invasive potential. Thus species is adapted to relatively low salinities and low winter temperatures of the Black Sea. Copepodite stages at both stations indicate the existence of reproducing populations. Thus, very likely P. marinus is the new established species in coastal area of the Black Sea. As other recent pelagic invaders – the copepods Acartia tonsa Dana 1849, Oithona davisae Ferrari F. D. & Orsi 1984; ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 and Beroe ovata Bruguiere, 1789 - P. marinus was most probably brought into Sevastopol Bay in the ballast water of ships. Long-term studies at basin scale are needed to estimate the structural changes in the Black Sea zooplankton community.

scholarly journals Modeling long-term changes of the Black Sea ecosystem characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2039-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Dorofeyev ◽  
T. Oguz ◽  
L. I. Sukhikh ◽  
V. V. Knysh ◽  
A. I. Kubryakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Long Term Changes

Abstract. A three dimensional coupled physical-biological model is provided for the Black Sea to investigate its long-term changes under the synergistic impacts of eutrophication, climatic changes and population outbreak of the gelatinous invader Mnemiopsis leidyi. The model circulation field is simulated using the high frequency ERA40 atmospheric forcing as well as assimilation of the available hydrographic and altimeter sea level anomaly data for the 30 yr period of 1971–2001. The circulation dynamics are shown to resolve well the different temporal and spatial scales from mesoscale to sub-basin scale and from seasonal peaks to decadal scale trend-like changes. The biogeochemical model includes the main vertical biological and chemical interactions and processes up to the anoxic interface zone. Its food web structure is represented by two phytoplankton and zooplankton size groups, bacterioplankton, gelatinous carnivores Mnemiopsis and Aurelia, opportunistic species Noctiluca scientillans. The nitrogen cycling is accommodated by the particulate and dissolved organic nitrogen compartments and the dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the forms of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate. The ecosystem model is able to simulate successfully main observed features and trends of the intense eutrophication phase (from the early 1970s to the early 1990s), but points to its modification to simulate better the ecosystem conditions of the post-eutrophication phase.

scholarly journals The Abundance and Biomass Dynamic of Populations the Black Sea Macrozooplankton

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
N. Louppova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Aurelia Aurita ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Successful Reproduction ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
Biomass Dynamic

The abundance and biomass dynamic of massive macrozooplankton of the Black Sea was studied over 3 years. Data on the dates of mass reproduction of Jellyfish Aurelia aurita and Ctenophore invaders Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata were obtained. The dependence of M. leidyi reproduction on the season and temperature of the medium was established, and for the other two gelatinous, on the successful reproduction of Mnemiopsis.

Modelling assessment of interactions in the Black Sea of the invasive ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiganova Tamara A. ◽  
Elena Alekseenko ◽  
Moskalenko Lidia ◽  
Nival Paul
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Beroe Ovata

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations in the Dynamics of the Number and Biomass of the Black Sea Macrozooplankton Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
N. Louppova
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Northeastern Shelf ◽  
Biomass Dynamics

The abundance and biomass dynamics of the jellyfish Aurelia aurita and ctenophores-invadors Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata in 2019 on the northeastern shelf of the Black Sea were studied. Data on the maxima of reproduction of each species of gelatinous macrozooplankton were obtained, as well as conclusions on the dynamics of individuals growth in populations and average life expectancy were drawn.

Oithona davisae: naturalization in the Black sea, inter-annual and seasonal dynamics, effect on the structure of the planktonic copepod community

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1015
Author(s):  
A. D. Gubanova ◽  
O. A. Garbazey ◽  
D. A. Altukhov ◽  
V. S. Mukhanov ◽  
E. V. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Acartia Tonsa ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Copepod Community ◽  
Oithona Davisae ◽  
Sevastopol Bay

Long-term (20032014) routine observations of zooplankton in Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea) have allowed the naturalization of the invasive copepod Oithona davisae to be studied in the Black Sea coastal waters. Inter-annual and seasonal variability of the species and their impact on the native copepod community have been analyzed. The invasion of O. davisae and their undoubted dominance in terms of abundance were shown to alter the community structure but, at the same time, the abundances of the native species did not decrease, excepting the Black Sea earlier invader Acartia tonsa. A significant decline in A. tonsa numbers over the stages of O. davisae establishment and naturalization provided evidence of competition between the species. O. davisae have been demonstrated to gain competitive advantage over A. tonsa, that ensured their fast dispersal in the Black Sea, acclimatization in the new habitat and the successful competition over native species.

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