The conservation status of West Indian palms (Arecaceae)

AbstractThe conservation status of 134 species, subspecies and varieties of West Indian palms (Arecaceae) is assessed and reviewed, based on field studies and current literature. We find that 90% of the palm taxa of the West Indies are endemic. Using the IUCN Red List categories one species is categorized as Extinct, 11 taxa as Critically Endangered, 19 as Endangered, and 21 as Vulnerable. Fifty-seven taxa are classified as Least Concern. Twenty-five taxa are Data Deficient, an indication that additional field studies are urgently needed. The 11 Critically Endangered taxa warrant immediate conservation action; some are currently the subject of ex situ and in situ conservation projects in the region’s botanical gardens. We recommend that preliminary conservation assessments be made of the 25 Data Deficient taxa so that conservation measures can be implemented for those facing imminent threats.

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Conservation Status of Brachycephalus Toadlets (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d11090150 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 150

Author(s):

Marcos R. Bornschein ◽

Marcio R. Pie ◽

Larissa Teixeira

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Atlantic Rainforest ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon ◽

Iucn Red List Categories ◽

Data Deficient ◽

Polygon Method ◽

Official Recognition ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

The number of described anurans has increased continuously, with many newly described species determined to be at risk. Most of these new species inhabit hotspots and are under threat of habitat loss, such as Brachycephalus, a genus of small toadlets that inhabits the litter of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Of 36 known species, 22 were described in the last decade, but only 11 have been assessed according to the IUCN Red List categories, with just one currently listed as Critically Endangered. All available data on occurrence, distribution, density, and threats to Brachycephalus were reviewed. The species extent of occurrence was estimated using the Minimum Convex Polygon method for species with three or more records and by delimiting continuous areas within the altitudinal range of species with up to two records. These data were integrated to assess the conservation status according to the IUCN criteria. Six species have been evaluated as Critically Endangered, five as Endangered, 10 as Vulnerable, five as Least Concern, and 10 as Data Deficient. Deforestation was the most common threat to imperiled Brachycephalus species. The official recognition of these categories might be more readily adopted if the microendemic nature of their geographical distribution is taken into account.

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Global extinction risk for seahorses, pipefishes and their near relatives (Syngnathiformes)

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605320000782 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Riley A. Pollom ◽

Gina M. Ralph ◽

Caroline M. Pollock ◽

Amanda C.J. Vincent

Keyword(s):

Threatened Species ◽

Habitat Degradation ◽

Extinction Risk ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Field Research ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Point Estimate ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Data Deficient

Abstract Few marine taxa have been comprehensively assessed for their conservation status, despite heavy pressures from fishing, habitat degradation and climate change. Here we report on the first global assessment of extinction risk for 300 species of syngnathiform fishes known as of 2017, using the IUCN Red List criteria. This order of bony teleosts is dominated by seahorses, pipefishes and seadragons (family Syngnathidae). It also includes trumpetfishes (Aulostomidae), shrimpfishes (Centriscidae), cornetfishes (Fistulariidae) and ghost pipefishes (Solenostomidae). At least 6% are threatened, but data suggest a mid-point estimate of 7.9% and an upper bound of 38%. Most of the threatened species are seahorses (Hippocampus spp.: 14/42 species, with an additional 17 that are Data Deficient) or freshwater pipefishes of the genus Microphis (2/18 species, with seven additional that are Data Deficient). Two species are Near Threatened. Nearly one-third of syngnathiformes (97 species) are Data Deficient and could potentially be threatened, requiring further field research and evaluation. Most species (61%) were, however, evaluated as Least Concern. Primary threats to syngnathids are (1) overexploitation, primarily by non-selective fisheries, for which most assessments were determined by criterion A (Hippocampus) and/or (2) habitat loss and degradation, for which assessments were determined by criterion B (Microphis and some Hippocampus). Threatened species occurred in most regions but more are found in East and South-east Asia and in South African estuaries. Vital conservation action for syngnathids, including constraining fisheries, particularly non-selective extraction, and habitat protection and rehabilitation, will benefit many other aquatic species.

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Validation of the name Mitreola crystallina (Loganiaceae), a new species endemic to southwestern China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.471.2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 471 (2) ◽

pp. 139-144

Author(s):

JIAN-RONG YOU ◽

JUAN RAN ◽

CHENG LIU ◽

YU-MIN SHUI ◽

JIA-XIANG LI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Southwest China ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Corolla Tube ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Key To Species ◽

Iucn Red List Categories ◽

Data Deficient ◽

A New Species

Mitreola crystallina was proposed in 2006, but not valid. Here, we validate the name by giving a complete description, diagnosis, and illustration as a new species of Loganiaceae. Morphologically, it is most similar to M. pedicellata, but can be distinguished by its stems erect (vs. creeping), corolla lobes blue (vs. white), and stamens inserted at or near base of the corolla tube (vs. middle to nearly mouth of corolla tube). It is endemic to the shady cliffs of limestone forests of Malipo County, southwest China. The conservation status was assessed as data deficient (DD) according to the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. And a key to species of Mitreola in China is provided.

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Distribution, status, and conservation of Camellia changii Ye (Theaceae), a Critically Endangered plant endemic to southern China

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605313001324 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 358-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Hai Ren ◽

Shuguang Jian ◽

Yongju Chen ◽

Hong Liu ◽

Qianmei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nature Reserve ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Southern China ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Species Conservation ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Flowering Rate ◽

In The Wild

AbstractThe distribution of the endemic threatened plant Camellia changii Ye (Family Theaceae) is restricted to a small area in southern China, and little else is known about its status in the wild. To provide information for the conservation of C. changii we investigated its distribution, population size and structure, and habitat, and assessed its conservation status. Surveys confirmed that the species grows in a narrow band along both sides of a 4 km long segment of a stream in Ehuangzhang Nature Reserve, under the discontinuous canopy of a secondary evergreen broadleaved forest on well-drained, acidic sandy loam soil. We found a total of 1,039 individuals of C. changii. The population has a high flowering rate but a low seed-setting rate. The population appears to be in decline because no seedlings and few young plants were evident. Our findings indicate that C. changii should be categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. We have recommended an integrated species-conservation plan for the species that includes patrolling the Ehuangzhang Nature Reserve to prevent plant removal, establishing an ex situ living collection that contains the entire wild genetic diversity (accomplished by grafting of short cuttings from all wild individuals), facilitating propagation for commercial use, and implementing reintroduction to augment the wild population.

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Czerwona lista porostów wymarłych i zagrożonych w Polsce [Red List of extinct and threatened lichens in Poland]

Monographiae Botanicae ◽

10.5586/mb.2003.001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 91 ◽

pp. 13-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Stanisław Cieśliński ◽

Krystyna Czyżewska ◽

Jerzy Fabiszewski

Keyword(s):

Lower Risk ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Iucn Red List Categories ◽

Lichen Biota ◽

The Status ◽

Red List Categories ◽

Data Deficient ◽

Near Threatened

The authors present a list of regionally extinct, threatened, lower risk and insufficiently status taxa of lichens in whole Poland. It is thirth edition of our list. Status of threat to the lichen species used has been determined according to the IUCN Red List Categories in version 3.1 (modified by GlNSBURG 2001). The Red List includes 886 taxa, which constitute 55.4% of the Polish lichen biota. The status of threatened biota has the following categories: Regionally Extinct (RE) - 141 taxa, Critically Endangered (CR) - 179, Endangered (EN) - 201, Vulnerable (VU) - 165, Near Threatened (NT) - 68, Least Concern (LC) - 22 and Data Deficient (DD) 110.

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Conservation assessment and action on Lotus sanguineus (Fabaceae), a critically endangered endemic species to Turkey

Hacquetia ◽

10.2478/hacq-2020-0003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 307-315

Author(s):

Ümit Subaşı ◽

Fatoş Şekerciler ◽

Mecit Vural

Keyword(s):

Endemic Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

In Situ Conservation ◽

Field Studies ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Conservation Priorities ◽

Conservation Assessment ◽

Area Of Occupancy

AbstractLotus sanguineus is one of the endemic taxa from Mediterranean Region of Turkey. It has hitherto been known from type locality and was assessed under VU and EN categories despite the lack of information on the population size, number of location and habitat quality. This study aims to determine the global conservation status and conservation strategies of the narrow endemic species. We collected all available data and evaluated them with the field studies. We reported the sizes of populations, altitude, coordinates, habitat types and the threats it faces for each locality. GeoCAT analyses at global levels indicate the extent of occurrence 19.965 km2 and area of occupancy 9 km2 and there could be an inferred decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation of the original population, suggesting this species might be classified as Critically Endangered, based on criterium B1ab (i, ii, iii) + 2ab (i, ii, iii) in the Red List categorization. Conservation priorities include life history and ecology studies, in-situ conservation, population monitoring and ex-situ conservation to prevent the destruction of the existing gene pool.

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Hemiboea chanii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from limestone areas of northern Vietnam

PhytoKeys ◽

10.3897/phytokeys.183.69180 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 183 ◽

pp. 108-114

Author(s):

Cuong Huu Nguyen ◽

Ly Van Nguyen ◽

Khang Sinh Nguyen ◽

Alexander A. Egorov ◽

Leonid V. Averyanov

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Flowering Time ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Northern Vietnam ◽

Iucn Red List Categories ◽

Red List Categories ◽

A New Species

Hemiboea chanii, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam, is here described and illustrated. It has many branched stems, diamond-shaped involucre with two cirrose opposite apices, a pink corolla, red spotted inside, and a flowering time in January-February. Among congeners with an externally hairy corolla, this new species is morphologically close to H. crystallina and H. sinovietnamica. Diagnostic discriminative characters in all mentioned species are discussed. The conservation status of this species is considered to be “Critically endangered” (CR) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

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Conservation status of the unique population of Wenchengia alternifolia, an enigmatic plant endemic to Hainan Island, China

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605313001373 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 354-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bo Li ◽

Zhiyong Zhang ◽

Dianxiang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Ex Situ Conservation ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Hainan Island ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Field Surveys ◽

Remnant Population

AbstractWenchengia alternifolia (Lamiaceae) is a plant species endemic to Hainan Island, China. Since the 1930s it was known from only four collections and was believed to be extinct until a remnant population was rediscovered in 2010. We conducted further field surveys during 2010–2012 but located only one population, with 66 individuals. W. alternifolia is restricted to the c. 1,500 m2 Shuangximu Valley, in a harsh microenvironment surrounded by plantations. As the population comprises < 50 mature individuals, we propose that W. alternifolia be categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, based on criterion D. We recommend that the remnant population and its habitat need urgent protection and monitoring and that ex situ conservation, for future reintroduction, should be implemented.

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Conservation status assessment of the amphibians and reptiles of Uruguay

Iheringia Série Zoologia ◽

10.1590/s0073-47212010000100001 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 05-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andrés Canavero ◽

Santiago Carreira ◽

José A. Langone ◽

Federico Achaval ◽

Claudio Borteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Amphibian Species ◽

Status Assessment ◽

Data Deficient ◽

Iucn Red List Criteria ◽

Definition Of ◽

Near Threatened

The native species of amphibians and reptiles of Uruguay were categorized according to the IUCN Red List criteria. Out of 47 amphibian species, seven are listed as Critically Endangered (CR), five as Endangered (EN), one as Vulnerable (VU), three as Near Threatened (NT), and two as Data Deficient (DD); the remaining species are considered to be Least Concern (LC). Among the 64 species of reptiles evaluated, one is listed as Critically Endangered (CR), seven as Endangered (EN), two as Vulnerable (VU), one as Near Threatened (NT) and seven as Data Deficient (DD); the rest are considered to be Least Concern (LC). The use of these results as an additional criterion in the definition of protected areas in Uruguay will contribute towards the conservation of the aforementioned threatened species and their associated ecosystems.

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An investigation of taxon boundaries in rare and range-restricted Synaphea (Proteaceae: Conosperminae) species from south-west Western Australia

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb14015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

R. Butcher ◽

K. R. Thiele

Keyword(s):

Western Australia ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Land System ◽

European Settlement ◽

Iucn Red List Categories ◽

South West ◽

Subsequent Publication ◽

High Conservation ◽

Data Deficient

The Swan Coastal Plain of south-west Western Australia has been extensively cleared since European settlement, with the fertile Pinjarra Plain land system preferentially cleared for grazing; what remains of the native vegetation is of high conservation value despite being highly fragmented and often degraded. The following six taxa of Synaphea R.Br. (Proteaceae), with conservation status corresponding to IUCN Red List categories Threatened and Data Deficient, are restricted to vegetation remnants in this region: S. stenoloba A.S.George, S. odocoileops A.S.George, S. sp. Pinjarra (R. Davis 6578), S. sp. Fairbridge Farm (D. Papenfus 696), S. sp. Pinjarra Plain (A.S. George 17182) and S. sp. Serpentine (G.R. Brand 103). Taxonomic boundaries among these morphologically similar taxa of Synaphea were investigated using morphometric analyses based on characters of leaves, inflorescences, flowers and fruits. Results allow the circumscription of the four informally named taxa from this complex, which will enable their formal description in a subsequent publication. They also provide support for several morphologically closely related taxa, including the provisional distinction of S. sp. Udumung (A.S. George 17058) from close ally S. decorticans Lindl. Two described species (S. odocoileops and S. stenoloba) and several anomalous specimens could not be adequately resolved in these analyses, and further investigation of their boundaries using molecular markers is required.

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