scholarly journals A Contribution to the Biology of Trypanosoma equiperdum

Parasitology ◽  
1922 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 315-319
Author(s):  
E. Iwanow
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Trypanosoma Equiperdum

It has hitherto been firmly established from experience gained in the studfarms and by experimental investigations (Hertwig, Prince and Lafosse, Frasbot, Pench) that Dourine is transmitted almost exclusively through coitus. Flies take no part in the transmission of the disease (Laveran and Mesnil), however, the possibility of infection through the bite of fleas (Eabino-witsch and Kempner) or ticks, is not excluded, and was proved experimentally (Sieber and Gonder). Experiments conducted on rabbits and dogs (Rouget, Schneider and Buffard, Laveran and Mesnil) have shown that T. equiperdum is capable of penetrating through the intact mucous membrane of the eye and genital organs, but not through the alimentary tract. Manteuffel's experiments have shown that T. equiperdum can even penetrate through the intact skin.

scholarly journals ФАРМАКО–ТОКСИКОЛОГІЧНА ОЦІНКА ПРЕПАРАТУ «ЦИФЛУР»

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
L.V. Nagorna
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Concentrate Solution ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Test Concentration ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Oily Solution ◽  
Experimental Preparation ◽  
Observation Period

The results of pharmaco–toxicological evaluation insectoacaricid preparation «Tsiflur», in particular the study of locally irritating effect of the drug on the skin and mucous membranes of rabbits eyes. The preparation «Tsiflur» – representative of synth pyrethroids, in its composition has the active ingredient cyfluthrin, production NPF «Brovafarma». According to the manufacturer's instructions, the preparation recommended for the control of flying midges and other representatives akaroentomofauny that have veterinary importance. The tool is a clear oily solution of a yellowish color.Experimental studies were conducted on rabbits analogues in several stages. In the first phase we studied local irritant effect of the preparation in varying degrees of dilution when applied to intact skin of rabbits. The aim of the second stage of the research was to determine the local irritant effect of the d preparation on the mucous membrane of the eyes of rabbits.It has been established that the preparation «Tsiflur» in the test concentration (1: 100, 1: 200, 1: 400 concentrate solution) during the observation period did not show locally irritating effects in a single application to the intact areas of the skin of rabbits. Monitoring the bellies of the experiment showed no redness, swelling, thickening of the skin folds and the pain response to palpation place application of the preparation. Not set also signs of toxic effects of native preparation «Tsiflur», when applied under similar conditions. The reaction of the skin of animals per application experimental preparation was valued at 0 points. In the study of the preparation in a similar concentration on the possibility of providing local irritant effect on the mucous membrane of the eyes of rabbits determined that the native application of the preparation led to the emergence of a slight reddening of the eye mucosa and the appearance of watery eyes. These symptoms disappear without any intervention on the second day of the experiment. The reaction to the introduction of the preparation «Tsiflur» was estimated at 1 point, for each identified symptom. 

scholarly journals II. The thyroid and parathyroid glands throughout vertebrates, with observations on some other closely related structures

1911 ◽  
Vol 201 (274-281) ◽  
pp. 91-132 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Parathyroid Glands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Lower Vertebrates

The main object of the investigation, the results of which are given in the present communication, is to throw light on the question as to a morphological and functional relationship between the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Incidentally it has been necessary to describe the appearances and discuss the significance of some closely allied structures, that is to say, of other tissues and bodies which are developed in the region of the mucous membrane of the fore part of the alimentary tract, such as the post-branchial body, the ventral “ Kiemenrest ” of anura, the carotid body, and pars intermedia of the pituitary. A large amount of work has been done upon the development of the parathyroids, thymus, and some of the less known gill cleft derivatives (especially in the lower vertebrata) such as the ventral branchial bodies in anura, and the doubtful structure known as the carotid gland. On the other hand, detailed descriptions in the adult condition accompanied by illustrations are wanting, or at any rate inaccessible. Thus, even such detailed accounts of the branchial organs as are given by Gaupp are unaccompanied by drawings, and I am not aware of the existence of a histological illustration of the ventral branchial body in the Frog, one of the most striking organs of the cervical region of the animal, larger than thyroids and parathyroids together, and in my experience, indeed, the only one of the series which can be readily found by the ordinary methods of dissection. For these reasons it seemed that a series of drawings of these bodies in the lower vertebrates would be valuable.

Site availability and density-dependent constraints on the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

Parasitology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Bates ◽  
C. R. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Threshold Density ◽  
Pomphorhynchus Laevis ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Intestinal Length ◽  
The Mean

Threshold density levels were investigated experimentally in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, for the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis. Fifty small fish 120–150 mm long were infected with 50 cystacanths each every 4 weeks for 16 weeks, and samples of up to 10 fish examined at 1, 5, 9, 13 and 17 weeks after the original infection. The mean intestinal length was found to have increased significantly over this period, from a mean of 125 to 173 mm and the mean number of parasites recovered increased after each interval of 4 weeks, and significantly from 19·30 to 86·40 per fish over the 17 weeks. The distribution of the parasites in the alimentary tract of O. mykiss was unaltered, indicating that the favourable region for establishment had remained unchanged. The failure to detect any manifestations of competition is discussed, and the relevance of conventional approaches to experimental investigations of both intra- and interspecific competition in fish was queried, and contrasted to the situation in birds and mammals.

Pathology of Bone Cells in Pigs with Experimental Turbinate Osteoporosis (Atrophic Rhinitis)

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
A. W. Fetter ◽  
C. C. Capen
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Osteocytic Osteolysis ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Atrophic rhinitis in swine is a disease of uncertain etiology in which infectious agents, hereditary predisposition, and metabolic disturbances have been reported to be of primary etiologic importance. It shares many similarities, both clinically and pathologically, with ozena in man. The disease is characterized by deformity and reduction in volume of the nasal turbinates. The fundamental cause for the localized lesion of bone in the nasal turbinates has not been established. Reduced osteogenesis, increased resorption related to inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, and excessive resorption due to osteocytic osteolysis stimulated by hyperparathyroidism have been suggested as possible pathogenetic mechanisms.The objectives of this investigation were to evaluate ultrastructurally bone cells in the nasal turbinates of pigs with experimentally induced atrophic rhinitis, and to compare these findings to those in control pigs of the same age and pigs with the naturally occurring disease, in order to define the fundamental lesion responsible for the progressive reduction in volume of the osseous core.

Desmosomal distribution in the epidermis of a non-contracting human skin equivalent

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
L.X. Oakford ◽  
S.D. Dimitrijevich ◽  
R. Gracy
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
Tissue Component ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Similar Sequence ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Suprabasal Keratinocytes ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent

In intact skin the epidermal layer is a dynamic tissue component which is maintained by a basal layer of mitotically active cells. The protective upper epidermis, the stratum corneum, is generated by differentiation of the suprabasal keratinocytes which eventually desquamate as anuclear comeocytes. A similar sequence of events is observed in vitro in the non-contracting human skin equivalent (HSE) which was developed in this lab (1). As a part of the definition process for this model of living skin we are examining its ultrastructural features. Since desmosomes are important in maintaining cell-cell interactions in stratified epithelia their distribution in HSE was examined.

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