scholarly journals ФАРМАКО–ТОКСИКОЛОГІЧНА ОЦІНКА ПРЕПАРАТУ «ЦИФЛУР»

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
L.V. Nagorna
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Concentrate Solution ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Test Concentration ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Oily Solution ◽  
Experimental Preparation ◽  
Observation Period

The results of pharmaco–toxicological evaluation insectoacaricid preparation «Tsiflur», in particular the study of locally irritating effect of the drug on the skin and mucous membranes of rabbits eyes. The preparation «Tsiflur» – representative of synth pyrethroids, in its composition has the active ingredient cyfluthrin, production NPF «Brovafarma». According to the manufacturer's instructions, the preparation recommended for the control of flying midges and other representatives akaroentomofauny that have veterinary importance. The tool is a clear oily solution of a yellowish color.Experimental studies were conducted on rabbits analogues in several stages. In the first phase we studied local irritant effect of the preparation in varying degrees of dilution when applied to intact skin of rabbits. The aim of the second stage of the research was to determine the local irritant effect of the d preparation on the mucous membrane of the eyes of rabbits.It has been established that the preparation «Tsiflur» in the test concentration (1: 100, 1: 200, 1: 400 concentrate solution) during the observation period did not show locally irritating effects in a single application to the intact areas of the skin of rabbits. Monitoring the bellies of the experiment showed no redness, swelling, thickening of the skin folds and the pain response to palpation place application of the preparation. Not set also signs of toxic effects of native preparation «Tsiflur», when applied under similar conditions. The reaction of the skin of animals per application experimental preparation was valued at 0 points. In the study of the preparation in a similar concentration on the possibility of providing local irritant effect on the mucous membrane of the eyes of rabbits determined that the native application of the preparation led to the emergence of a slight reddening of the eye mucosa and the appearance of watery eyes. These symptoms disappear without any intervention on the second day of the experiment. The reaction to the introduction of the preparation «Tsiflur» was estimated at 1 point, for each identified symptom. 

Labour-use Efficiency of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank: Branch- and District-level Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102222110243
Author(s):  
Mohuya Deb Purkayastha ◽  
Joyeeta Deb ◽  
Ram Pratap Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Observation Period

The present study estimated labour-use efficiency of 48 branches of Assam Gramin Vikash Bank at its branch level, covering three districts of Barak Valley, which falls under Silchar region of the bank for the time period from 2010–2011 to 2017–2018. The study applied data envelopment analysis for estimating labour-use efficiency. In the second stage, the study applied censored Tobit regression for determining the impact of several contextual variables on efficiency. The study reveals that the mean labour-use efficiency score of the selected branches is 76% when averaged for the in-sample branches over the observation period. Results of the Tobit regression identified cluster 2 and total business of the branches as the significant factors for determining efficiency and the number of employees as a significant variable influencing inefficiency. JEL Classifications: G2, G20, G21, J3

Investigation of Drainage and Waste Water Quality for the Improvement of Technological Treatment Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Yulia DOMASHENKO ◽  
Sergey VASILYEV ◽  
Dmitry VASILYEV
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Holding Device ◽  
Observation Period

The purpose of this work is to study the qualitative indicators of drainage and waste water from irrigated areas in order to justify the treatment technology. The research was carried out within the Bagayevskaya irrigation system located in the Rostov Region, the Russian Federation. The location of the well is confined to the second terrace above the floodplain of the Western Manych River. The chemical composition of drainage water allows us to refer this water category to the sulfate class, the sodium group of a partially mixed cationic composition. The type of drainage water is sulfate sodium and sulfate calcium. In drainage runoff, there are no chlorine-magnesium waters, even in the autumn period. The content of biogenic elements during the observation period in the investigated wells was within the following limits: phosphates – from 0.04 to 0.75 mg/dm3, ammonium ions – from 0.07 to 1.35 mg/dm3, and nitrates – from 0.05 to 0.43 mg/dm3. An improved treatment method of drainage and waste water for crop irrigation is proposed. It includes the removal of mechanical impurities and petroleum products (in the first stage) on coalescent modules installed directly on the discharge or drainage channel in the form of a framework module and the release of heavy metal ions, organic substances and excess salts (in the second stage) in the sorption block, which includes three sorption layers – S-VERAD, zeolite and quartz in an equal ratio, placed in a grid of a filter cassette of the cassette-holding device.

scholarly journals Changes of the ultrastructural organization of cells of rats esophagus in the modeling of second-degree esophageal stricture

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Ye.V. Shaprynskyi
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Esophageal Strictures ◽  
Second Degree

Scar strictures that lead to obstruction of the esophagus do not tend to decrease lately, but on the contrary, the number of such patients is increasing, which is caused by the use of a large range of chemicals in human life. The results of treatment of scarring strictures depend on the degree of stenosis. With complete obstruction of the esophagus, the question arises about conducting surgical treatment. Methods of correction of esophageal strictures have a considerable number of postoperative complications and lethal consequences – from 5.0 % to 15.0 %. Therefore, in order to create a unified pathogenetic tactic for the management and treatment of esophageal strictures, we were offered to study the ultrastructural changes of the mucous membrane of the stricture of the second stage during its modeling in the experiment. The purpose of the work is to investigate the dynamics of ultrastructural changes of the mucous membrane of the esophagus wall in the normal and second stage of its stricture. The experimental study was performed on adult white male rats weighing between 250 and 300 g. A total of 16 animals were operated on, which were divided into 2 groups: a control group (6 rats) and a study group (10 rats). The studies were performed under ketamine anesthesia. In animals of the control group performed only laparotomy, followed by layer-by-layer suturing of the anterior abdominal wall. In animals of the study group created a model of obstruction of the esophagus of the second stage. Electron microscopic examination was performed on days 3, 4, and 5 of the experiment, eliminating animals by overdosing on ketamine. As a result of the electron microscopic study of the ultrastructural organization of basal, spinosum, superficial epitheliocytes of stratified squamous epithelium without keratin, smooth muscle myocytes of the muscular plate and contractile elements of the muscular layer of the esophagus of rats with simulated stricture of the second degree revealed dystrophic and destructive disorders that varied in depth and severity. It was established that mitochondrial dysfunction leads to a decrease in the activity of reparative, metabolic and synthetic processes of the cell, which is indirectly manifested by a decrease in ribosomes and polysomes in the cytoplasm, loosening and focal lysis of membranes of the granular endoplasmic reticulum. Stricture of esophagus of the second stage causes activation of catabolic intracellular processes in all cells, which is morphologically confirmed by the appearance in the cytoplasm of secondary lysosomes and inclusions of lipids.

scholarly journals A Contribution to the Biology of Trypanosoma equiperdum

Parasitology ◽  
1922 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 315-319
Author(s):  
E. Iwanow
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Trypanosoma Equiperdum

It has hitherto been firmly established from experience gained in the studfarms and by experimental investigations (Hertwig, Prince and Lafosse, Frasbot, Pench) that Dourine is transmitted almost exclusively through coitus. Flies take no part in the transmission of the disease (Laveran and Mesnil), however, the possibility of infection through the bite of fleas (Eabino-witsch and Kempner) or ticks, is not excluded, and was proved experimentally (Sieber and Gonder). Experiments conducted on rabbits and dogs (Rouget, Schneider and Buffard, Laveran and Mesnil) have shown that T. equiperdum is capable of penetrating through the intact mucous membrane of the eye and genital organs, but not through the alimentary tract. Manteuffel's experiments have shown that T. equiperdum can even penetrate through the intact skin.

scholarly journals DETERMINAN TINGKAT EFISIENSI BANK PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH (BPD) SYARIAH DI INDONESIA: TWO-STAGE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Hilda Sukma Puspita ◽  
Atina Shofawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The One ◽  
Regional Development Bank ◽  
Observation Period

This study aims to analyze the efficiency level of Sharia Regional Development Bank on the first stage and to analyze the influence of Bank Size, ROA, NPF, FDR and Inflation for the efficiency level of Sharia Regional Development Bank on the second stage. The population in this study is the Sharia Regional Development Bank in Indonesia. The sample used in this research is 14 Shariah Regional Development Bank that fulfill the criteria of taking the sample that is having Sharia Business Unit, presenting the financial statements and has been published, and no change of business entity. The observation period of the study is from 2012 to 2016. This researchanalysis technique used DEAP 2.1. on the one stage and Tobit on the twostage. The result of this study indicates that the Bank Size, ROA and FDR positif significant influence to efficiency level, while the NPF and Inflation don’t have influence to efficiency level.

scholarly journals Research on the Flight Evolution of Melolontha Melolontha L. (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) Species in the Central of Moldavia Conditions, Romania

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Elena Trotuş ◽  
Margareta Naie ◽  
Alexandra-Andreea Buburuz
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Melolontha Melolontha ◽  
Flight Curve ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Observation Period

Abstract The cockhafer (Melolontha melolontha L.) is the most widespread and best known bug. It is a polyphagous bug, being harmful both in adulthood and in larva stage. The researches were conducted at Agricultural Research and Development Station (A.R.D.S.) of Secuieni, Neamţ county, Romania, and followed the evolution of adult flight, during 1993 - 2012 with a light trap help. The gatherings and records were made daily from 1 April to 31 October every year, during the observation period. Dividing the observation period into four stages of five years each, it was found that the largest number of specimens, 38059, was collected in the second stage (1998 - 2002), followed by the third stage (2003 - 2007) with 18167 specimens, first stage with 12173 specimens, and the lowest number of 286 specimens was recorded in the fourth stage (2008 - 2012). The adults flight started in all the years in the second or the third decade of April and lasted until the second or the third decade of May, with the exception of 1995 şi 2009 when he finished in the first decade of June. The average duration of the flight was 39 days. The maximum flight curve was reached, in all years of observation, in the third decade of April and first decade of May. The maximum intensity of flight curves was recorded every three years, as follows: 1994, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012. This shows that, in Secuieni conditions, the insect has one generation at 3 years. Highest intensity of flights has been in the years 2000, when the top flight was conducted by 38059 specimens, 2003 with 13912 specimens/flight and 1997 with 10221 specimens/flight.

scholarly journals Assessment of safety of influence of radiation of lengths of waves of 410, 580, and 630 nanometers for skin and a mucous membrane

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
L. S. Kholupova ◽  
S. I. Surkichin
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Negative Effect

Background. The safety effects of individual emission spectra of visible light are currently not well understood. Based on the above works, one can only indirectly judge the presence or absence of an adverse effect of the selected spectrum during mototherapy. Aims: in our work, the goal was to detect the presence of a negative effect of certain wavelengths (410 nm, 580 nm and 630 nm) during mono-exposure to mucous membranes and skin. Methods. At the first stage, the effect of radiation with wavelengths of 410 nm and 630 nm on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity of laboratory animals was determined. At the second stage of the study, 30 women aged 3545 years with signs of photodamage of the skin took part. Results. No undesirable consequences were recorded either immediately after the procedure, or after 20 days. The results of histological examination at all stages of the study indicated the absence of pathological changes. Conclusions. The results showed that mono-exposure with wavelengths of 410 nm, 580 nm and 630 nm is safe and can be recommended for further study and practical application.

Altered Fine Structure of B Lymphocytes Correlated with Defective Terminal Differentiation

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
Dale E. Bockman ◽  
L. Y. Frank Wu ◽  
Alexander R. Lawton ◽  
Max D. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Deficiency Diseases ◽  
Cell Line Generation

B-lymphocytes normally synthesize small amounts of immunoglobulin, some of which is incorporated into the cell membrane where it serves as receptor of antigen. These cells, on contact with specific antigen, proliferate and differentiate to plasma cells which synthesize and secrete large quantities of immunoglobulin. The two stages of differentiation of this cell line (generation of B-lymphocytes and antigen-driven maturation to plasma cells) are clearly separable during ontogeny and in some immune deficiency diseases. The present report describes morphologic aberrations of B-lymphocytes in two diseases in which second stage differentiation is defective.

Pathology of Bone Cells in Pigs with Experimental Turbinate Osteoporosis (Atrophic Rhinitis)

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
A. W. Fetter ◽  
C. C. Capen
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Osteocytic Osteolysis ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Atrophic rhinitis in swine is a disease of uncertain etiology in which infectious agents, hereditary predisposition, and metabolic disturbances have been reported to be of primary etiologic importance. It shares many similarities, both clinically and pathologically, with ozena in man. The disease is characterized by deformity and reduction in volume of the nasal turbinates. The fundamental cause for the localized lesion of bone in the nasal turbinates has not been established. Reduced osteogenesis, increased resorption related to inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, and excessive resorption due to osteocytic osteolysis stimulated by hyperparathyroidism have been suggested as possible pathogenetic mechanisms.The objectives of this investigation were to evaluate ultrastructurally bone cells in the nasal turbinates of pigs with experimentally induced atrophic rhinitis, and to compare these findings to those in control pigs of the same age and pigs with the naturally occurring disease, in order to define the fundamental lesion responsible for the progressive reduction in volume of the osseous core.

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