A study of the Eugregarines of the grass-grub [larva of Costelytra zealandica (White), Melolonthinae], with a description of three new species

Parasitology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Size Group ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Costelytra Zealandica ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three New Species

1. Three new species of eugregarine are described from the mid-gut of the larva of Costelytra zealandica (White).2. Euspora zealandica occurs in the anterior region of the mid-gut near the gut caeca. Slictospora costelytrae occurs just posteriorly to E. zealandica. Euspora sp. occurs posteriorly to the malpighian tubules, but was found only rarely.3. A description of the species and the life-cycle of two species are given.4. The life-cycle of S. costelytrae takes about 8 weeks and that of E. zealandica 6 weeks.5. Gametocysts will develop only at a humidity of 95–100 %.6. The bi-associative species, E. zealandica, is more abundant in the 1st and 2nd instars than the large species, S. costelytrae. Both species are equally abundant in the 3rd instars, but the peak for incidence was in May for E. zealandica and June for S. costelytrae. This is related to the longer period of time taken for the life-history of S. costelytrae.7. The incidence of gregarines builds up in each instar to over 90% then falls off, the time of fall off corresponding with the production of gametocysts which pass out with the faeces of the grub.8. The gregarines mostly complete their cycle before the instars moult. This is borne out by the observation that cysts were not found in the smallest size group of each instar. There were many cases in the larger size group of all three instars where cysts only occurred.9. Gametocysts are produced mainly in the autumn.10. Gregarines were not found in grubs approaching metamorphosis (prepupae) nor in pupae nor adults.11. It seems unlikely from the results that the gregarines have an adverse effect on the grubs as, in general, it was found that the larger grubs had the greater number of gregarines present, but further work on this is needed.12. The life-history of the gregarines is closely correlated with the life-history of the beetle.13. The presence of the gregarines only in the larval stages is related to the different habitat and behaviour of larva and adult.I am grateful to the University Grants Committee for financial support.

Studies on Larval Trematodes Infecting Freshwater Snails in London (U.K.) and Some Adjoining Areas. Part VI. The Gercariae of the “Vivax” Group and the Life History of Cercaria bushiensis n.sp. (=Cyathocotyle bushiensis n.sp.)

1962 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daler Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Cyathocotyle Bushiensis

Three new species of cercariae of the ‘Vivax’ type are described from London (U.K.) and the classification of this group of cercariae is discussed.The life-cycle of one of the cercariae is studied and different stages are described in detail.

Taxonomic descriptions and comments on the life history of new species of Eulimdana (Nematoda: Filarioidea) with skin-inhabiting microfilariae in the Charadriiformes (Aves)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Bartlett ◽  
R. C. Anderson ◽  
Albert O. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Eulimdana juventarum n.sp. from Willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus (Gmelin)), Eulimdana asperum n.sp. from Wilson's Phalaropes (Phalaropus tricolor (Vieillot)), and Eulimdana pseudolari n.sp. from Red-necked Phalaropes (Phalaropus lobatus (L.)) in Canada are described. The name "Eulimdana lari (Yamaguti, 1935)" is restricted to filarioids described by Yamaguti from the Eastern Common Gull (Larus kamtschatschensis (Bonaparte)). Numerous reports of "E. lari" in other charadriiforms are probably incorrect, and new taxonomic studies of lemdanine filarioids in palaearctic charadriiforms are required. Eulimdana bibulbosa (Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901) n.comb. is proposed for Filaria bibulbosa Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901. The 11 species in Eulimdana and their host groups are listed. Adult worms of the three new species occurred in subcutaneous tissues of the neck and connective tissues around the trachea and oesophagus. Microfilariae of E. juventarum and E. asperum occurred in skin, and skin-inhabiting microfilariae may be common in charadriiform birds. Microfilariae of E. asperum were also found in blood, but less frequently than in skin. Microfilariae of E. pseudolari were found in blood but probably occur in both blood and skin; skin was not examined. Prevalence of infection will be underestimated if hosts are examined only for microfilariae as sterile infections (those with only male or only female worms) are common. Adult worms in patent infections (those with mocrifilariae) apparently are short-lived and then completely resorbed by the host. In late patency infections, therefore, skin-inhabiting microfilariae occur in the absence of adult worms. Patent infections probably produce a protective immunity. Amblyceran lice probably transmit species of Eulimdana in the Charadriiformes.

Observations on the life cycle of Grysoma indica n.sp. (Trematoda: Psilostomidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
K. Umadevi ◽  
R. Madhavi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Freshwater Stream ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thiara Tuberculata

AbstractThe life history of Grysoma indica n.sp., a psilostome trematode, obtained experimentally in ducklings, after feeding with metacercariae occurring in the snail Thiara tuberculata, is elucidated. Natural infections with cercariae were found in T. tuberculata, collected from a freshwater stream at Visakhapatnam, India. Metacercarial cysts were found in the same and other species of snails in the locality. The new species differs from other species of the genus in the sucker proportions, position of the testes and distribution of the vitelline follicles.

scholarly journals Notes on the genus Toxoplasma , with a description of three new species

1916 ◽  
Vol 89 (616) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Three New Species

The genus Toxoplasma has not yet any definite systematic position. By some, the organisms which hear this name are regarded as being allied to the Leishmania, and by others to the yeasts. This uncertainty must exist so long as we do not know the complete life-history of these organisms; but, since any addition of new facts concerning them may help towards the acquisition of this knowledge, it has been thought worth while to record the finding of three new varieties, and to describe them. The organisms were first seen by Splendore (1), and were described by him in July, 1908. He found them in the blood of a rabbit in Brazil, and the name Toxoplasma was given to them by Nicolle and Manceaux (2), who found them in a gondi in Tunis, shortly after Splendore’s discovery, and described them in October, 1908. Since then, others have been found in the dog by Mello in Italy and by Yakimoff in Germany, in the mole by Prowazek in Japan, and in the pigeon by Carini in Brazil.

THE MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY, AND LIFE HISTORY OF METORCHIS CONJUNCTUS (COBBOLD, 1860)

1944 ◽  
Vol 22d (1) ◽  
pp. 6-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. M. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Intermediate Host

A trematode, widely distributed in Canada, and occurring in man and other fish-eating mammals, is described and its taxonomy discussed. Its life cycle has been worked out and it is shown to involve a snail, Amnicola limosa porata as first intermediate host and a fish, the common sucker (Catostomus commersonii) as the second intermediate host. The larval stages are described.

On the genus Holophryxus (Isopoda: Epicaridea), with description of the male and redescription of the female of Holophryxus acanthephyrae

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Jones ◽  
G. Smaldon
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Definitive Host ◽  
Final Host ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

INTRODUCTIONAdults of the isopod genus Holophryxus (Dajidae) occur as ectoparasites on natant decapod crustaceans, but little is known of the ecology and life-history of most species. Species of Holophryxus are thought to have a typical dajid life cycle involving an intermediate host (copepod), a definitive host (prawn) and three larval stages (epicaridium, microniscus, cryptoniscus), and the one species for which details are available fits this pattern (Coyle & Mueller, 1981). The final host is infected by the cryptoniscus, a stage superficially resembling a cirolanid isopod, and the first cryptoniscus to settle loses its isopod-like appearance and develops through a juvenile stage into a rather inflated, highly modified female (Coyle & Mueller, 1981). Any subsequent settler becomes a male, retains the small cryptoniscus body form and lives within the marsupium of the female.

Ontogenies of some Ordovician Telephinidae from Argentina, and larval patterns in the Proetida (Trilobita)

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. E. Chatterton ◽  
Gregory D. Edgecombe ◽  
Norberto E. Vaccari ◽  
Beatriz G. Waisfeld
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Larval Type ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Argentine Precordillera ◽  
Life History Patterns ◽  
Three New Species

The ontogenies of three new species of Telephinidae, Telephina calandria, Telephina chingolo, and Telephina problematica are described from Arenig-Caradoc strata in the Argentine Precordillera, and compared with the larval stages of some other Proetida, including other telephinids.New findings reveal 1) a radical metamorphosis in the ontogenies of these Telephina species late in the meraspid period, not previously described among Trilobita; and 2) distinctive hypostomes of Telephinidae containing long, thin anterolaterally and dorsally splayed anterior wings. Early ontogenies of different species currently assigned to the genus Telephina fall into at least two distinct morphological and life history groups, and hypostomes (if correctly assigned in previous works) vary significantly. The three new species strengthen the hypothesis of a phylogenetic connection between Oopsites and Telephina.Three morphological types of protaspid instars are described for proetide trilobites. Two are anaprotaspides, and the third is a metaprotaspis. They always occur in the same sequence in the ontogeny, but no cases are known of all three types in the same species. These larval types are important for understanding the systematics and life cycles of the Proetida. Benthic/pelagic transitions identify four life history patterns among the the Proetida. The best larval synapomorphy for the Proetida is the distinctive metaprotaspid larval type, which is absent in very few proetides (some Telephinidae), perhaps as a result of heterochronic displacement of this stage into the meraspid period.

On Protozoal Blood Parasites Collected in Uganda

Parasitology ◽  
1932 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecil A. Hoare
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Protozoa ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Nomen Novum ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

This paper contains a report on a collection of parasitic protozoa from the blood of some vertebrate animals of Uganda.Seven new species and a number of parasites recorded for new hosts are described. New observations on some known parasites are also recorded.An account is given of the life history of the crocodile haemogregarine. It is shown that the schizogony of Hepatozoon pettiti (nomen novum for Haemogregarina pettiti) occurs in the liver of the crocodile, while the sporogony takes place in Glossina palpalis, its intermediate host.A list of all the blood parasites found, together with their hosts, is given.

Amoeba hugonis n.sp.: Life-history

1952 ◽  
Vol s3-93 (24) ◽  
pp. 427-434
Author(s):  
MONICA TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Adult Specimen ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Average Adult

Material collected in Loch Tannoch was allowed to macerate in a chemical nutrient. A rich crop of Euglena gracilis as well as other infusoria resulted. Eight months later, when the Euglena had encysted, many amoebae were found at the bottom of the receptacle. They constitute a new species, here named Amoeba hugonis. An average adult specimen, when extended, measures about 104x52·2µ. The nucleus consists of a central karyosome lying in the nuclear sap, separated from the cytoplasm by a wellmarked nuclear membrane. Between the latter and the karyosome is situated an achromatic ‘collar’ with chromatin particles embedded in it. Fission is described, but a study of mitosis has been deferred. The life-history of this small amoeba is very similar to that of the large A. proteus, &c. The cycle occupies two months. Chromidia begin to appear in the cytoplasm of the early adult. They give rise to spores, out of which amoebulae hatch.

The Euphausiidæ in the Neighbourhood of Plymouth. II. Nyctiphanes Couchii and Meganyctiphanes noruegica.

1925 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie V. Lebour
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica

The present paper is a continuation of last year's work on the Euphausiidæ in the neighbourhood of Plymouth (Lebour, 1924), in which the early larval stages were described of Nyctiphanes Couchii, Meganyctiphanes norvegica and, less fully, those of Thysanoessa inermis and T. neglecta. These two last-named forms are reserved for a detailed description in another paper, only Nyctiphanes and Meganyctiphanes being dealt with here. The first paper described these as far as the last Calyptopis stages, and it was shown that they were much alike although perfectly distinct, especially as regards colour. The nauplii and metanauplii were easily distinguishable. The whole of the remaining life-history of Nyctiphanes Couchii has now been elucidated and also that of Meganyctiphanes norvegica, with the exception of a few late larval stages. The absence of these, however, does not materially affect our knowledge of its life-history.

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