Studies on Larval Trematodes Infecting Freshwater Snails in London (U.K.) and Some Adjoining Areas. Part VI. The Gercariae of the “Vivax” Group and the Life History of Cercaria bushiensis n.sp. (=Cyathocotyle bushiensis n.sp.)

1962 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daler Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Cyathocotyle Bushiensis

Three new species of cercariae of the ‘Vivax’ type are described from London (U.K.) and the classification of this group of cercariae is discussed.The life-cycle of one of the cercariae is studied and different stages are described in detail.

A study of the Eugregarines of the grass-grub [larva of Costelytra zealandica (White), Melolonthinae], with a description of three new species

Parasitology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Size Group ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Costelytra Zealandica ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three New Species

1. Three new species of eugregarine are described from the mid-gut of the larva of Costelytra zealandica (White).2. Euspora zealandica occurs in the anterior region of the mid-gut near the gut caeca. Slictospora costelytrae occurs just posteriorly to E. zealandica. Euspora sp. occurs posteriorly to the malpighian tubules, but was found only rarely.3. A description of the species and the life-cycle of two species are given.4. The life-cycle of S. costelytrae takes about 8 weeks and that of E. zealandica 6 weeks.5. Gametocysts will develop only at a humidity of 95–100 %.6. The bi-associative species, E. zealandica, is more abundant in the 1st and 2nd instars than the large species, S. costelytrae. Both species are equally abundant in the 3rd instars, but the peak for incidence was in May for E. zealandica and June for S. costelytrae. This is related to the longer period of time taken for the life-history of S. costelytrae.7. The incidence of gregarines builds up in each instar to over 90% then falls off, the time of fall off corresponding with the production of gametocysts which pass out with the faeces of the grub.8. The gregarines mostly complete their cycle before the instars moult. This is borne out by the observation that cysts were not found in the smallest size group of each instar. There were many cases in the larger size group of all three instars where cysts only occurred.9. Gametocysts are produced mainly in the autumn.10. Gregarines were not found in grubs approaching metamorphosis (prepupae) nor in pupae nor adults.11. It seems unlikely from the results that the gregarines have an adverse effect on the grubs as, in general, it was found that the larger grubs had the greater number of gregarines present, but further work on this is needed.12. The life-history of the gregarines is closely correlated with the life-history of the beetle.13. The presence of the gregarines only in the larval stages is related to the different habitat and behaviour of larva and adult.I am grateful to the University Grants Committee for financial support.

Taxonomic descriptions and comments on the life history of new species of Eulimdana (Nematoda: Filarioidea) with skin-inhabiting microfilariae in the Charadriiformes (Aves)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Bartlett ◽  
R. C. Anderson ◽  
Albert O. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Eulimdana juventarum n.sp. from Willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus (Gmelin)), Eulimdana asperum n.sp. from Wilson's Phalaropes (Phalaropus tricolor (Vieillot)), and Eulimdana pseudolari n.sp. from Red-necked Phalaropes (Phalaropus lobatus (L.)) in Canada are described. The name "Eulimdana lari (Yamaguti, 1935)" is restricted to filarioids described by Yamaguti from the Eastern Common Gull (Larus kamtschatschensis (Bonaparte)). Numerous reports of "E. lari" in other charadriiforms are probably incorrect, and new taxonomic studies of lemdanine filarioids in palaearctic charadriiforms are required. Eulimdana bibulbosa (Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901) n.comb. is proposed for Filaria bibulbosa Annett, Dutton, and Elliott, 1901. The 11 species in Eulimdana and their host groups are listed. Adult worms of the three new species occurred in subcutaneous tissues of the neck and connective tissues around the trachea and oesophagus. Microfilariae of E. juventarum and E. asperum occurred in skin, and skin-inhabiting microfilariae may be common in charadriiform birds. Microfilariae of E. asperum were also found in blood, but less frequently than in skin. Microfilariae of E. pseudolari were found in blood but probably occur in both blood and skin; skin was not examined. Prevalence of infection will be underestimated if hosts are examined only for microfilariae as sterile infections (those with only male or only female worms) are common. Adult worms in patent infections (those with mocrifilariae) apparently are short-lived and then completely resorbed by the host. In late patency infections, therefore, skin-inhabiting microfilariae occur in the absence of adult worms. Patent infections probably produce a protective immunity. Amblyceran lice probably transmit species of Eulimdana in the Charadriiformes.

The Life History of Hypoderaeun essexensis n.sp., the Adult of Cercaria essexensis Khan, 1960

1962 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

Cercaria essexensis Khan, 1960 is shown to encyst in freshwater snails and to develop into a new species of Hypoderaeum when fed to pigeons, chickens and ducklings. Different stages in the life history, except the redia and the cercaria which have been described before, are described.

Observations on the life cycle of Grysoma indica n.sp. (Trematoda: Psilostomidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
K. Umadevi ◽  
R. Madhavi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Freshwater Stream ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thiara Tuberculata

AbstractThe life history of Grysoma indica n.sp., a psilostome trematode, obtained experimentally in ducklings, after feeding with metacercariae occurring in the snail Thiara tuberculata, is elucidated. Natural infections with cercariae were found in T. tuberculata, collected from a freshwater stream at Visakhapatnam, India. Metacercarial cysts were found in the same and other species of snails in the locality. The new species differs from other species of the genus in the sucker proportions, position of the testes and distribution of the vitelline follicles.

scholarly journals Notes on the genus Toxoplasma , with a description of three new species

1916 ◽  
Vol 89 (616) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Three New Species

The genus Toxoplasma has not yet any definite systematic position. By some, the organisms which hear this name are regarded as being allied to the Leishmania, and by others to the yeasts. This uncertainty must exist so long as we do not know the complete life-history of these organisms; but, since any addition of new facts concerning them may help towards the acquisition of this knowledge, it has been thought worth while to record the finding of three new varieties, and to describe them. The organisms were first seen by Splendore (1), and were described by him in July, 1908. He found them in the blood of a rabbit in Brazil, and the name Toxoplasma was given to them by Nicolle and Manceaux (2), who found them in a gondi in Tunis, shortly after Splendore’s discovery, and described them in October, 1908. Since then, others have been found in the dog by Mello in Italy and by Yakimoff in Germany, in the mole by Prowazek in Japan, and in the pigeon by Carini in Brazil.

Three new species, two new genera, and new family Biphragmosagittidae (Сhaetognatha) from Southwest Pacific Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
A.P. Kassatkina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

Resuming published and own data, a revision of classification of Chaetognatha is presented. The family Sagittidae Claus & Grobben, 1905 is given a rank of subclass, Sagittiones, characterised, in particular, by the presence of two pairs of sac-like gelatinous structures or two pairs of fins. Besides the order Aphragmophora Tokioka, 1965, it contains the new order Biphragmosagittiformes ord. nov., which is a unique group of Chaetognatha with an unusual combination of morphological characters: the transverse muscles present in both the trunk and the tail sections of the body; the seminal vesicles simple, without internal complex compartments; the presence of two pairs of lateral fins. The only family assigned to the new order, Biphragmosagittidae fam. nov., contains two genera. Diagnoses of the two new genera, Biphragmosagitta gen. nov. (type species B. tarasovi sp. nov. and B. angusticephala sp. nov.) and Biphragmofastigata gen. nov. (type species B. fastigata sp. nov.), detailed descriptions and pictures of the three new species are presented.

On Protozoal Blood Parasites Collected in Uganda

Parasitology ◽  
1932 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecil A. Hoare
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Protozoa ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Nomen Novum ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

This paper contains a report on a collection of parasitic protozoa from the blood of some vertebrate animals of Uganda.Seven new species and a number of parasites recorded for new hosts are described. New observations on some known parasites are also recorded.An account is given of the life history of the crocodile haemogregarine. It is shown that the schizogony of Hepatozoon pettiti (nomen novum for Haemogregarina pettiti) occurs in the liver of the crocodile, while the sporogony takes place in Glossina palpalis, its intermediate host.A list of all the blood parasites found, together with their hosts, is given.

Amoeba hugonis n.sp.: Life-history

1952 ◽  
Vol s3-93 (24) ◽  
pp. 427-434
Author(s):  
MONICA TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Adult Specimen ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Average Adult

Material collected in Loch Tannoch was allowed to macerate in a chemical nutrient. A rich crop of Euglena gracilis as well as other infusoria resulted. Eight months later, when the Euglena had encysted, many amoebae were found at the bottom of the receptacle. They constitute a new species, here named Amoeba hugonis. An average adult specimen, when extended, measures about 104x52·2µ. The nucleus consists of a central karyosome lying in the nuclear sap, separated from the cytoplasm by a wellmarked nuclear membrane. Between the latter and the karyosome is situated an achromatic ‘collar’ with chromatin particles embedded in it. Fission is described, but a study of mitosis has been deferred. The life-history of this small amoeba is very similar to that of the large A. proteus, &c. The cycle occupies two months. Chromidia begin to appear in the cytoplasm of the early adult. They give rise to spores, out of which amoebulae hatch.

The reproduction and larval development of Nereis fucata (Savigny)

1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Brown-Gilpin
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

The wide variety of reproductive patterns and behaviour in the many species of Nereidae already studied clearly justifies further research. But the life history of Nereis fucata (Savigny) is not only of interest from the comparative point of view. Its commensal habit (it occurs within shells occupied by hermit crabs) immediately gives it a special importance. This alone warrants a detailed study, particularly as no commensal polychaete has yet been reared through to metamorphosis and settlement on its host (Davenport, 1955; Davenport & Hickok, 1957). The numerous interesting problems which arise, and the experimental methods needed to study them, are, however, beyond the range of a paper on nereid development. It is therefore proposed to confine the present account to the reproduction and development up to the time when the larvae settle on the bottom. The complete life cycle, the mechanism of host-adoption, and related topics, will be reported in later papers.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF THE LIFE HISTORY OF TRICHOBILHARZIA CAMERONI SP. NOV. (FAMILY SCHISTOSOMATIDAE)

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Yu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Local Infection ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
Ottawa River ◽  
Daughter Sporocyst ◽  
Physa Gyrina ◽  
History Of

A cause of swimmer's itch in the lower Ottawa River is Trichobilharzia cameroni sp. nov. Its life cycle has been completed experimentally in laboratory-bred snails and in canaries and ducks, and the various stages are described. The eggs are spindle-shaped. The sporocysts are colorless and tubular. Mother sporocysts become mature in about a week. The younger daughter sporocyst is provided with spines on the anterior end and becomes mature in about three weeks. The development in the snail requires from 28 to 35 days. A few cercariae were found to live for up to 14 days at 50 °C., although their life at 16° to 18 °C. was about four days. Cercariae kept at room temperature for 60 to 72 hr. were found infective. The adults become mature in canaries and pass eggs in about 12 to 14 days. Physa gyrina is the species of snail naturally infected. It was found in one case giving off cercariae for five months after being kept in the laboratory. Domestic ducks were found to become infected until they were at least four months old, with the parasites developing to maturity in due course; no experiments were made with older ducks. Furthermore, miracidia were still recovered from the faeces four months after the duck had been experimentally infected, and it is suggested that migratory birds are the source of the local infection.

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