Babesia bigemina in ticks grown on non-bovine hosts and its transmission to these hosts

Parasitology ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Callow
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Animal Research Institute ◽  
Research Institute

The failure of Boophilus microplus to be cleansed of Babesia bigemina while the ticks were growing on non-bovine hosts, as well as the infection of the non-bovine hosts, was demonstrated in experiments in which infected ticks were released on a number of sheep, a goat and a horse.Seven of ten batches of ticks, collected from six non-bovine hosts, retained their babesia-infection.Blood subinoculated into cattle from seven of nine sheep and from the horse showed that these animals carried B. bigemina whilst the ticks were feeding on them. This suggested that ticks may have become reinfected from the non-bovine hosts, a possibility supported by the finding of B. bigemina in blood smears from two of the sheep.This work was performed at the Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, and in the Department of Parasitology, University of Queensland, and supported by funds from both organizations. I am indebted to Mr G. D. Daly for technical assistance, to Professor J. F. A. Sprent and Dr H. M. D. Hoyte for their interest and help.

APPEARANCE OF OESTRONE SULPHATE IN THE ALLANTOIC FLUID OF THE COW

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. ROBERTSON ◽  
G. J. KING ◽  
J. A. CARNEGIE
Keyword(s):  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Poultry Science ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Oestrone Sulphate ◽  
Pregnant Ewe ◽  
Animal Research Institute ◽  
Research Institute

Reproductive Physiology Program, Animal Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6 and * Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1 (Received 15 May 1978) The ability of the conceptus to synthesize oestrogens during the early stages of pregnancy has recently been receiving increasing attention. Among the domesticated species, the day 12 blastocyst of the pig has been shown to be capable of synthesizing oestrogens (Perry, Heap & Amoroso, 1973; Gadsby, Burton, Heap & Perry, 1976) and oestrone sulphate, synthesized as a product of conception, has been shown to be present in the peripheral plasma of the pregnant pig as early as day 17 (Robertson & King, 1974; Robertson, King & Dyck, 1978). In the pregnant ewe, oestrone sulphate has been shown to be the predominant oestrogen in allantoic fluid and to be present in measurable concentrations as early as day 30 (Carnegie & Robertson,

scholarly journals A sero-epidemiological survey of blood parasites in cattle in the north-eastern Free State, South Africa

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Mtshali ◽  
D.T. De Waal ◽  
P.A. Mbati
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Free State ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
The North ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Free State

A survey to determine the incidence of parasites in cattle (n = 386) was conducted in the north eastern Free State between August 1999 and July 2000. Giemsa-stained blood smears were negative for blood parasites. A total of 94 % of the cattle were sero-positive for Babesia bigemina by indirect fluorescent antibody test while 87 % were sero-positive for Anaplasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The observation of negative blood smears but high incidence of positive serological results for Anaplasma and Babesia for the same group of cattle indicates that this area is endemic for these diseases but with a stable disease situation. All the animals were sero-negative for B. bovis and this is probably because the tick vector (Boophilus microplus) which transmits the disease is not present in the Free State Province. Two tick species belonging to the family Ixodidae were found on cattle, namely Boophilus decoloratus and Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi. In the present study significant differences in seasonal burdens of B. decoloratus occurred, with the highest infestations recorded from February to June. The presence of R. evertsi evertsi throughout the year without any or with small fluctuations in winter months was observed, with a peak from February to May

Labelling larvae of the cattle-tick Boophilus microplus, with 32P to follow their movements on the host

Parasitology ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Kemp ◽  
D. Koudstall ◽  
J. D. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Drinking Solution

SUMMARYAfter 24 h desiccation at 28–29 °C and approximately 50 % relative humidity about 70 % of B. microplus larvae drank sufficient solution containing 1·5 mCi of 32P per ml for their movements on the host to be followed with a portable G-M counter. Reduced viability of the labelled ticks could not be detected when they were kept for 24 h on the host and either allowed to feed or prevented from doing so. When feeding was continued for 72 h or when larvae were incubated for 3–4 weeks, adverse effects were found, the severity of which could not be directly related to the amount of 32P label. Desiccation, handling of larvae and exposure to radiation in the drinking solution may have contributed to their reduced viability.Since resistance to the tick is manifest within the first 24 h after infestation labelled larvae could be used to compare development on different hosts during this time. Even after feeding for 72 h, larvae were more adversely affected by host resistance than by labelling damage.We would like to thank Mr C. A. Schuntner for helpful advice and Mrs J.Galligan for technical assistance. The financial support of the Australian Meat Research Committee is gratefully acknowledged. Messrs D. Hancox and S. R.Henderson assisted with some of the experiments.

scholarly journals Babesia bovis and B. bigemina DNA detected in cattle and ticks from Zimbabwe by polymerase chain reaction

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Smeenk ◽  
P.J. Kelly ◽  
K. Wray ◽  
G. Musuka ◽  
A.J. Trees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

From blood collected from 94 cattle at 12 locations in the eastern and northeastern areas of Zimbabwe, DNA was extracted and analysed by polymerase chain reaction with primers previously reported to be specific for Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis. Overall, DNA of Babesia bigemina was detected in the blood of 33/94 (35 %) cattle and DNA from B. bovis was detected in 27/58 (47 %) of cattle. The prevalence of DNA of B. bigemina was significantly higher in young animals (<2 years) (23/46) than in animals over 2 years of age (10/48; (chi)2 = 8.77; P < 0.01 %). Although tick sampling was not thorough, Boophilus decoloratus could be collected at 7/9 sites sampled and Boophilus microplus at 4/9 sites. Of the 20 B. decoloratus allowed to oviposit before PCR analysis, 1 (5 %) contained DNA that could be amplified with primers for B. bigemina while 12 (60 %) were positive with primers for B. bovis. Of the B. microplus allowed to oviposit, 11/16 (69 %) were positive for B. bovis DNAby PCR and 2/16 (12 %) were positive for B. bigemina.

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