Drug-free patients with major depression show an increased electrophysiological response to valid and invalid feedback

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2515-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Mies ◽  
F. M. van der Veen ◽  
J. H. M. Tulen ◽  
T. K. Birkenhäger ◽  
M. W. Hengeveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Electrophysiological Response ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Positive And Negative Feedback ◽  
Time Estimation Task ◽  
Drug Free

BackgroundDepressed patients are biased in their response to negative information. They have been found to show a maladaptive behavioral and aberrant electrophysiological response to negative feedback. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral and electrophysiological response to feedback validity in drug-free depressed patients.MethodFifteen drug-free in-patients with unipolar major depression disorder (MDD) and 30 demographically matched controls performed a time-estimation task in which they received valid and invalid (i.e. related and unrelated to performance) positive and negative feedback. The number of behavioral adjustments to the feedback and the feedback-related negativity (FRN) were measured.ResultsPatients made fewer correct adjustments after valid negative feedback than controls, and their FRNs were larger. Neither patients nor controls adjusted their time estimates following invalid negative feedback.ConclusionsThe FRN results suggest that depressed drug-free in-patients have an atypical rostral anterior cingulate response to feedback that is independent of feedback validity. Their behavioral response to invalid negative feedback, however, is not impaired. This study confirms the notion that the behavioral responses of depressed individuals to negative feedback are context dependent.

The Devil You Know

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 962-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob B. Hirsh ◽  
Michael Inzlicht
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Feedback Information ◽  
Time Estimation Task ◽  
The Devil

Individuals differ in the extent to which they respond negatively to uncertainty. Although some individuals feel little discomfort when facing the unknown, those high in neuroticism find it aversive. We examined neurophysiological responses to uncertainty using an event-related potential framework. Participants completed a time-estimation task while their neural activity was recorded via electroencephalography. The feedbackrelated negativity (FRN), an evoked potential that peaks approximately 250 ms after the receipt of feedback information, was examined under conditions of positive, negative, and uncertain feedback. The magnitude of these responses was then analyzed in relation to individual differences in neuroticism. As expected, a larger FRN was observed after negative feedback than after positive feedback for all participants. For individuals who scored highly on trait neuroticism, however, uncertain feedback produced a larger neural response than did negative feedback. These results are discussed in terms of affective responses to uncertainty among neurotic individuals.

Relationship between blood magnesium and psychomotor retardation in drug-free patients with major depression

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Widmer ◽  
JG Henrotte ◽  
Y Raffin ◽  
D Mouthon ◽  
D Chollet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Psychomotor Retardation ◽  
Intracellular Magnesium ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Plasma Magnesium ◽  
Drug Free

SummaryIn previous reports, we have observed that blood magnesium was significantly higher in drug-free patients with major depression when compared to healthy controls. This was especially true for erythrocyte magnesium. Furthermore, the most severely depressed patients had the highest intracellular magnesium content, showing that intracellular magnesium rate was related to the intensity of symptoms. We report here the results of blood magnesium measured in 88 major depressed patients as compared to 61 controls. We show that the mean erythrocyte and also plasma magnesium contents are both increased in these patients. We observe that about 40% of male and female patients have a very significant increase (25%) in intracellular magnesium content as compared to controls. However, about 60% of the hospitalised depressed patients have normal values. None of the controls has high erythrocyte magnesium. This is less evident concerning the plasma magnesium. No differences are observed between patients when classified according to the intensity of moral pain or anxiety. In contrast, the patients with mild to high psychomotor retardation score, which is an index of hypoexcitability, have significant higher erythrocyte magnesium values compared with other patients. The results of male patients without psychomotor retardation do not differ from control values. Our study suggests that central hypoexcitability might be related to an increase in intracellular magnesium observed at the peripheral level, keeping in mind that hyperexcitability, as observed in various conditions such as stress and cardiovascular disorders, is frequently associated, in contrast, with a decrease in blood magnesium.

scholarly journals dACC Response to Presentation of Negative Feedback Identifies Stimulant Dependence Diagnoses and Stimulant Use Severity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Claus ◽  
Matthew S. Shane
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Error Monitoring ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Stimulant Use ◽  
Core Reduction ◽  
Time Estimation Task ◽  
Following Error ◽  
Stimulant Dependence

AbstractError-monitoring abnormalities in stimulant-dependent individuals (SDIs) may be due to reduced awareness of committed errors, or to reduced sensitivity upon such awareness. The distinction between these alternatives remains largely undifferentiated, but may have substantial clinical relevance. We sought to better characterize the nature, and clinical relevance, of SDIs’ error-monitoring processes by comparing carefully isolated neural responses during the presentation of negative feedback to a) stimulant dependence status and b) lifetime stimulant use. Forty-eight SDIs and twenty-three non-SDIs performed an fMRI-based time-estimation task specifically designed to isolate neural responses associated with the presentation (versus expectation) of contingent negative feedback. SDIs showed reduced dACC response compared to non-SDIs following the presentation of negative feedback, but only when error expectancies were controlled. Moreover, lifetime stimulant use correlated negatively with magnitude of dACC attenuation. While this findings was minimized after controlling for age, these results suggest that SDIs may be characterized by a core reduction in neural activity following error feedback, in the context of intact feedback expectancies. Correlations with lifetime stimulant use suggest that this neural attenuation may hold clinical significance.

scholarly journals The Sunny Side of Negative Feedback: Negative Feedback Enhances One’s Motivation to Win in Another Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Fang ◽  
Ximei Li ◽  
Haiying Ma ◽  
Huijian Fu
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Reward Positivity ◽  
Subject Factor ◽  
Time Estimation Task ◽  
Normal Performance

Negative feedback has been widely reported to be a demotivator that could frustrate the recipient’s need for competence and erode his intrinsic motivation in the same activity. Nevertheless, little attention has been devoted to the intertemporal effect of negative feedback on one’s intrinsic motivation in another activity. To fill this gap, we arranged participants in a game with two sessions and manipulated the content of feedback as a between-subject factor. In session 1, participants had to complete a time estimation task with moderate difficulty, during which half of the participants received normal performance feedback and the other half received negative performance feedback. In session 2, all participants were guided to accomplish a moderately difficult stopwatch task that was competence-supportive. A more pronounced win-loss difference wave of reward positivity (RewP) was detected in the experimental (negative performance feedback) group compared to the control (normal performance feedback) group during session 2. This finding indicates that negative feedback in an activity may have a positive impact on one’s intrinsic motivation in a following competence-supportive activity.

Cardiac and Electrophysiological Responses to Valid and Invalid Feedback in a Time-Estimation Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Mies ◽  
F. M. Van der Veen ◽  
J. H. M. Tulen ◽  
M. W. Hengeveld ◽  
M. W. Van der Molen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Cardiac Slowing ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Time Estimation Task

This study investigated the cardiac and electrophysiological responses to feedback in a time-estimation task in which feedback-validity was manipulated. Participants across a wide age range had to produce 1 s intervals followed by positive and negative feedback that was valid or invalid (i.e., related or unrelated to the preceding time estimate). Performance results showed that they processed the information provided by the feedback. Negative feedback was associated with a transient cardiac slowing only when feedback was valid. Correct adjustments after valid negative feedback were associated with a more pronounced cardiac slowing. Validity did not affect the feedback-related negativity (FRN), except when remedial action was taken into account. The FRN and cardiac response to feedback decreased with advancing age, but performance did not. The current pattern of findings was interpreted to suggest that the FRN and cardiac response signal “alert” and that the cardiac response, but not the FRN, is implicated in the mechanisms invoked in remedial action.

The anterior cingulate cortex responds differently to the validity and valence of feedback in a time-estimation task

NeuroImage ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 2321-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabry W. Mies ◽  
Maurits W. van der Molen ◽  
Marion Smits ◽  
Michiel W. Hengeveld ◽  
Frederik M. van der Veen
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Time Estimation Task

Circadian variations in response to protirelin test in major depressive episode

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Duval ◽  
MC Mokrani ◽  
MA Crocq ◽  
S Rosenberg ◽  
J Oliveira Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Thyroid Axis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Trh Receptors

SummaryWe studied circadian thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) response to synthetic thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (protirelin) infusion (200μg IV) at 8 am and 11 pm in 35 drug-free inpatients with DSM III-R Major Depressive Episode and in 22 hospitalized controls. In each group, maximum TSH and PRL responses were lower at 8 am than at 11 pm. The difference between 11 pm-ΔTSH and 8 am-ΔJTSH (ΔΔTSH) was significantly lower in depressed patients compared to controls. No such blunting was observed in PRL responses to protirelin in depressed patients. In the overall population, TSH response to protirelin (ie8 am-ΔTSH, 11 pm-ΔTSH, ΔΔTSH) correlated significantly with TSH circadian parameters (ie mesor and amplitude). These correlations were also observed with PRL (except for ΔΔPRL). TSH mesor and amplitude were lower in depressives than in controls. In contrast, PRL mesor and amplitude were not significantly different between diagnostic groups. ΔΔTSH is thus a chronobiological refinement to the measure of thyroid axis dysfunction in major depression. The blunted TSH response to protirelin suggests that the TRH receptors of the pituitary thyrotrophs are hyposensitive in major depression.

Mediofrontal Negativities to Averted Gains and Losses in the Slot-Machine Task

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franc C.L. Donkers ◽  
Geert J.M. van Boxtel
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Slot Machine ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Time Estimation Task ◽  
Gains And Losses

Abstract: In a previous study we addressed the question whether a feedback-related negativity (FRN) can be elicited by outcomes that are not contingent on any preceding choice or action ( Donkers, Nieuwenhuis, & Van Boxtel, 2005 ). Participants took part in a simple slot-machine task in which they experienced monetary gains and losses in the absence of responses. In addition, they performed a time estimation task often used to study the FRN, and a flanker task known to elicit the error-related negativity (Ne/ERN). Outcomes in the slot-machine task elicited a mediofrontal negativity whose amplitude correlated with the amplitude of the FRN associated with negative feedback in the time estimation task. However, the mediofrontal negativity was observed both for (unfavorable) outcomes that averted a gain and for (favorable) outcomes that averted a loss of money, a finding that is inconsistent with previous FRN research. In the present study we examined the similarity between the mediofrontal negativity observed in the slot-machine task and the frequency-sensitive N2. We manipulated the overall frequency of obtaining gains and losses in the slot-machine task and compared the negativities on averted gains and losses across the different trial probabilities. The results showed that larger feedback-related negativities were elicited by unexpected unfavorable outcomes than by expected unfavorable outcomes.

Event-Related Brain Potentials Following Incorrect Feedback in a Time-Estimation Task: Evidence for a “Generic” Neural System for Error Detection

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 788-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang H. R. Miltner ◽  
Christoph H. Braun ◽  
Michael G. H. Coles
Keyword(s):  
Error Detection ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Time Estimation Task

We examined scalp-recorded event-related potentials following feedback stimuli in a time-estimation task. Six hundred msec after indicating the end of a 1 sec interval, subjects received a visual, auditory, or somatosensory stimulus that indicated whether the interval they had produced was correct. Following feedback indicating incorrect performance, a negative deflection occurred, whose characteristics corresponded closely to those of the component (the error-related negativity) that accompanies errors in choice reaction time tasks. Furthermore, equivalent dipole analysis suggested that, for all three modalities, the distribution of the scalp potential was consistent with a local source in the anterior cingulate cortex or a more distributed source in the supplementary motor areas. These loci correspond closely to those described previously for the error-related negativity. We conclude that the error-related negativity is the manifestation of the activity of a “generic” neural system involved in error detection.

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