DSM-5 full syndrome, other specified, and unspecified eating disorders in Australian adolescents: prevalence and clinical significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 981-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Mitchison ◽  
Jonathan Mond ◽  
Kay Bussey ◽  
Scott Griffiths ◽  
Nora Trompeter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundLittle information is available on the prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5 eating disorders in adolescence, and eating disorders remain unique in the DSM for not systematically including a criterion for clinical significance. This study aimed to provide the first prevalence report of the full suite of DSM-5 eating disorders in adolescence, and to examine the impact of applying a criterion for clinical significance.MethodsIn total, 5191 (participation rate: 70%) Australian adolescents completed a survey measuring 1-month prevalence of eating disorder symptoms for all criterial, ‘other specified’ and unspecified eating disorders, as well as health-related quality of life and psychological distress.ResultsThe point prevalence of any eating disorder was 22.2% (12.8% in boys, 32.9% in girls), and ‘other specified’ disorders (11.2%) were more common than full criterial disorders (6.2%). Probable bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, but not anorexia nervosa (AN), were more likely to be experienced by older adolescents. Most disorders were associated with an increased odds for being at a higher weight. The prevalence of eating disorders was reduced by 40% (to 13.6%) when a criterion for clinical significance was applied.ConclusionsEating disorders, particularly ‘other specified’ syndromes, are common in adolescence, and are experienced across age, weight, socioeconomic and migrant status. The merit of adding a criterion for clinical significance to the eating disorders, similar to other DSM-5 disorders, warrants consideration. At the least, screening tools should measure distress and impairment associated with eating disorder symptoms in order to capture adolescents in greatest need for intervention.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Postulates of Etiological Models of Eating Disorders: Questioning Body Checking as a Longer-Term Maintaining Factor

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Opladen ◽  
Maj-Britt Vivell ◽  
Silja Vocks ◽  
Andrea S. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Body Checking ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
General Pathology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Body checking (BC) is not only inherent to the maintenance of eating disorders but is also widespread among healthy females. According to etiological models, while BC serves as an affect-regulating behavior in the short term, in the longer term it is assumed to be disorder-maintaining and also produces more negative affect. The present study therefore aimed to empirically examine the proposed longer-term consequences of increased BC. In an online study, N = 167 women tracked their daily amount of BC over a total of 7 days: Following a 1-day baseline assessment of typical BC, participants were asked to check their bodies in an typical manner for 3 days and with a 3-fold increased frequency for 3-days. Before and after each BC episode, the impact of BC on affect, eating disorder symptoms, general pathology and endorsement of different functions of BC was assessed. Participants showed longer-term consequences of increased BC in terms of increased negative affect and general pathology, while eating disorder symptoms remained unaffected. In the case of typical BC, participants showed decreased general pathology and anxiety. Furthermore, the endorsement of a higher number of BC functions led to increased negative affect and an increased amount of typical BC. The findings support the theoretically assumed role of maladaptive BC in maintaining negative emotion in the longer term. However, though requiring replication, our finding of positive effects of typical BC calls into question the overall dysfunctionality of BC among non-clinical women who are not at risk of developing an eating disorder.

Shared associations between histories of victimisation among people with eating disorder symptoms and higher weight

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Mitchison ◽  
Kay Bussey ◽  
Stephen Touyz ◽  
David Gonzalez-Chica ◽  
Michael Musker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shared Risk

Background: The success of integrated prevention initiatives for eating disorders and obesity is hampered by a lack of shared risk factor research. Bullying and sexual abuse are potentially potent shared risk factors for the spectrum of eating and weight disorders. Methods: A representative sample of N = 3005 South Australian males and females ≥15 years was interviewed about their height, weight, eating disorder symptoms, lifetime experiences of bullying and sexual abuse and mental and physical health-related quality of life. Results: Participants who were currently obese (25.2%) or underweight (2.7%) or who reported current eating disorder symptoms (32.7%) were between 10% and 27% more likely to have experienced bullying, and obese and eating disordered participants were also 47% and 56% more likely to have experienced sexual abuse, respectively. In regard to specific symptoms, a lifetime history of bullying was associated with increased risk of obesity, extreme dieting, purging and overvaluation of body weight and/or shape, whereas a lifetime history of sexual abuse was associated with increased risk of obesity, binge eating and extreme dieting and decreased risk of underweight. Lifetime histories of bullying and sexual abuse were associated with health-related quality of life impairment; however, lifetime bullying was associated with a greater adverse impact among participants with current eating disorder symptoms. Conclusion: Self-reported bullying and sexual abuse victimisation have shared associations with eating and weight spectrum problems. Differences in the symptoms associated with bullying versus sexual abuse are discussed, as well as the clinical and public health implications.

scholarly journals Prevalence of DSM-5 diagnostic threshold eating disorders and features amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander peoples (First Australians)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Burt ◽  
Haider Mannan ◽  
Stephen Touyz ◽  
Phillipa Hay
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Torres Strait

Abstract Background There is a dearth of research into mental disorders amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples (herein First Australians) and especially into eating disorders. In order to understand the healthcare needs of this population, accurate prevalence data is needed. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of eating disorders amongst First Australians at the diagnostic threshold level and to compare clinical features and health related quality of life (HRQoL) in First and other Australians with and without an eating disorder. Methods Data were sourced from the general population 2015 and 2016 Health Omnibus Surveys in South Australia. Trained interviewers conducted via face to face interviews with 6052 people over 15 years old. Eating disorder questions were based on the Eating Disorder Examination and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) measured with the Short-Form 12 v1. The response and participation rates were over 50% and 68% respectively in both surveys. Body Mass Index (BMI) and First Australian status were derived from interview questions. Data were weighted to population norms and analysed using statistical methods for complex surveys. Results Twenty-five of 92 (27%) First Australian survey respondents had an eating disorder (majority Other or Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder characterised by recurrent binge eating). This was significantly more than the prevalence of other Australians with an eating disorder group (p = .04). First Australians with an eating disorder had higher levels of weight/shape overvaluation than all other groups. They were also younger and had poorer Mental HRQoL (MHRQoL) than other Australians without an eating disorder. On logistic regression, First Australian status was not independently associated with having an eating disorder, however, age, Body Mass Index (BMI) and MHRQoL emerged as significant independent variables for the increased rate of eating disorders in First Australians. Conclusions Eating disorders were very common in First Australians and were associated with high levels of overvaluation, binge eating frequency and poor MHRQoL. High levels of overvaluation were unexpected. The implications of these findings include an urgent need for further research, and the development of culturally appropriate assessment instruments and treatments for First Australians with eating disorders.

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life in Obese Presurgery Patients with and without Binge Eating Disorder, and Subdiagnostic Binge Eating Disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Marie Sandberg ◽  
Jens K. Dahl ◽  
Einar Vedul-Kjelsås ◽  
Bjørnar Engum ◽  
Bård Kulseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Objective. To study health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in obese presurgery patients with binge eating disorder (BED) and with subdiagnostic binge eating disorder (SBED) compared to patients without eating disorders or SBED.Method. Participants were patients referred to St. Olavs University Hospital, Norway, for bariatric surgery. Eating Disorders in Obesity (EDO) questionnaire was used to diagnose BED and SBED. Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) assessed health-related quality of life. Questionnaires were returned by 160 of 209 patients. The present study sample consisted of 143 patients (103 women and 40 men) as 17 patients did not complete the SF-12.Results. Patients with BED and patients with SBED both had significantly lower mental HRQoL, but not physical HRQoL, compared to patients without eating disorders.Discussion. The findings indicate that obese presurgery patients with BED, and also SBED, may have special treatment needs in regard to their mental health.

ACCESSIBLE HOUSING AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE: MEASUREMENTS OF WELLBEING OUTCOMES FOLLOWING HOME MODIFICATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillippa Carnemolla ◽  
Catherine Bridge
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Home Modifications ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

The multi-dimensional relationship between housing and population health is now well recognised internationally, across both developing and developed nations. This paper examines a dimension within the housing and health relationship – accessibility – that to date has been considered difficult to measure. This paper reports on the mixed method results of larger mixed-method, exploratory study designed to measure the impact of home modifications on Health-Related Quality of Life, supported by qualitative data of recipients’ experiences of home modifications. Data was gathered from 157 Australian HACC clients, who had received home modifications. Measurements were taken for both before and after home modifications and reveal that home modifications were associated with an average 40% increase in Health-Related Quality of Life levels. The qualitative results revealed that participants positively associated home modifications across six effect themes: increased safety and confidence, improved mobility at home, increased independence, supported care-giving role, increased social participation, and ability to return home from hospital. This exploratory research gives an insight into the potential for accessible architecture to impact improvements in community health and wellbeing.

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