Notes on the Book of Zambasta

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
R. E. Emmerick
Keyword(s):  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loan Word ◽  
Buddhist Teaching

The Book of Zambasta is not without importance in the history of Buddhist studies. We know that Khotan was a major centre of Mahāyāna studies when Fa-hsien visited it about a.d. 400 on his way to India, and it had expanded in this direction when Hsüan-tsang in the 7th century spent several months in Khotan on his way back from India to China. Khotan was, if not the cradle, at any rate the stronghold of the Mahāyānist movement. We know of its importance in the transmission of Buddhist teaching to the East. Even the well-known term Zen represents Sanskrit dhyāna “meditation” only through the intermediacy of a Prakrit form such as the Khotanese loan-word jāna. In the Chinese Tripiṭaka we have translations made by Khotanese missionaries such as Devaprajña, Śikṣānanda, and Śīladharma. In the 5th century a certain marquis of An iang hou journeyed to Khotan in his youth to study the Dhyāna. A Chinese catalogue finished in a.d. 515 tells how eight Chinese monks came to Khotan and there heard the stories that later they made into the well-known collection “The Sūtra of the Wise man and the Fool”. The famous monk Jinagupta, who taught the Turks about Buddhist doctrines in the 6th century, had studied in Khotan for many years.

scholarly journals Tufa und Armilausini

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-213
Author(s):  
Ludwig Rübekeil
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Migration Period ◽  
Linguistic Interference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loan Word ◽  
Roman Military ◽  
The Military

AbstractThis article investigates the origin and history of two names dating from late Antiquity or the migration period. The first is the personal name Tufa, the second is the tribal name Armilausini. The two names can be traced back to a corresponding Germanic loan word in the Latin military language, tufa and armilausia, respectively, both of which are continued in the military language of the Eastern Roman and Byzantine Empire. The names are based on the appellative nouns. Both the appellatives and, even more so, the names turn out to be characteristic products of the multilingual background of the Roman military, as they show several signs of linguistic interference such as lexical reanalysis / folk etymology, morphological remodelling and semantic specialization.

Two Incarnations, One Person: The Complexity of Kim Iryŏp’s Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Hwansoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Feminist Studies ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Buddhist Monk ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
Complex Figure ◽  
Monastic Life ◽  
Buddhist Teaching ◽  
Korean Feminist

Abstract Kim Iryŏp (Kim Wŏnju, 1896‒1971) was a pioneering feminist and prolific writer who left lay life to become a Buddhist nun. The bifurcation of her life between the secular and religious has generated two separate narratives, with Korean feminist studies focusing on Iryŏp as a revolutionary thinker and Buddhist studies centering on Iryŏp as an influential Buddhist nun. When divided this way, the biography of each career reads more simply. However, by including two significant but unexplored pieces of her history that traverse the two halves of her narrative, Iryŏp emerges as a more complex figure. The first is her forty-five-year relationship with the Buddhist monk Paek Sŏng’uk (1897‒1981). The second is how she extended some of her early feminism into monastic life but said little about the marginalization of nuns in Buddhism’s highly patriarchal system. In both her relationship with Paek and her feminism, Iryŏp drew on the Buddhist teaching of nonself, in which the “big I” is beyond gender. Thus, Iryŏp repositions herself as having attained big I, while Paek remained stuck in “small I.” Yet, while she finds equality with monks through an androgynous big I, none of her writings contest Korean Buddhism’s androcentric institutional structure.

Glimpses of The Oral History of Tibetan Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Renée Ford ◽  
Rachael Griffiths ◽  
Anna Sehnalova ◽  
Daniel Wojahn
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
International Association ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Online Archive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Tibetan Studies ◽  
The Uk

The Oral History of Tibetan Studies (OHTS) project collects memories of individuals who have contributed to the formation of Tibetan Studies as an independent academic discipline in the second half of the twentieth century. Through interview recordings, it explores two aspects: the development of the discipline itself, and the distinctive life-stories of the individuals involved. The project includes scholars and academics, Tibetan teachers and traditional scholars, artists, photographers, book publishers, and sponsors. The oral testimonies also provide crucial information on related academic fields, such as Buddhist and Religious Studies, Anthropology, and Asian Studies more generally, and present a kaleidoscope of broader social, cultural, and educational developments. Of particular interest is the interconnection with Buddhist Studies, as exemplified in the UK and through links with the International Association of Buddhist Studies. This report aims to introduce the project, its open access online archive, and future plans.

scholarly journals Onko uralilaisen etnohistorian tutkimuksessa tapahtunut käänne? Monitieteisyys ja uudet teoriat itämerensuomalaisten kielten synnystä Valter Langin Homo Fennicuksen valossa

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Janne Saarikivi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Early History ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loan Word

The question as to how the linguistic and archaeological data can be combined together to create a comprehensive account on the prehistory of present ethnicities is a debated issue around the globe. In particular, the identification of the new language groups in the material remnants of a particular area, or discerning in the material culture correlates for the language contact periods reflected in the loan word layers are complex and often probably insolvable questions. Regarding the early history of the Finns and the related people, Valter Lang’s new monograph on the archaeology of Estonia and the “arrivals of the Finnic people” (Läänemeresoome tulemised, 2018) has been considered a paradigm changing work in this respect. In my article I argue that despite undisputed progress in this ouevre, many of the old questions regarding time, place and method are still in place.

scholarly journals Buddhism and Thai educational system

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1335-1342
Author(s):  
Somchai Srinok ◽  
Niwes Wongsuwan ◽  
Saiyroong Buppapan ◽  
Phra Widesbrommakun ◽  
Vitthaya Thongdee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of

In Thailand, Buddhism has played an important role in terms cultivating morality and ethics for people in the society. Later, it has become an important part of the educational system of the country. This paper has its aims to clarify some backgrounds of Buddhist studies in Thai educational system from the early period to the present day. First, it discusses (1) some of the Buddha’s principles of teaching first, and thereafter (2) importance of Buddhist studies in Thai society, (3) management of Buddhist Studies, and (4) History of Buddhist Studies in Thailand and (5) Buddhist Studies Curriculum will be discussed. The conclusion of this study reveals that training morality and ethics to youth is the key factor making Buddhist studies exist in the educational system of Thailand.

Introduction: The Bodhisattva Path and the Christ Path

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
S. Mark Heim
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Theology Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Buddhist Teaching ◽  
The Silk Road

This book is an experiment with the conviction that there is a comparative dimension in confessional theology. This chapter briefly reviews the case for using sources from other religions in the work of Christian theology. It then describes the particular aim of this text to reflect on the reconciling work of Christ in light of Buddhist teaching. Another section reviews the history of Buddhist-Christian engagement, with special focus on the geographical area of the Silk Road in Central Asia and on the case of Manichaeanism as a tradition overlapping with both Buddhism and Christianity. It also reviews the author’s previously published constructive proposal in theology of religions, as the framework for this work. A final section outlines the plan of the book.

Women in Buddhism

Buddhism ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gutschow
Keyword(s):  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Women And Buddhism ◽  
The One ◽  
Women In Buddhism

The very existence of a “Women and Buddhism” entry but no “Men in Buddhism” entry implies a set of methodological lacunae in Buddhist studies. On the one hand, Buddhist studies have often proceeded as if the history of men in Buddhism stands in for Buddhist history, with little effort made to mention or recover the significance of women. On the other hand, systematic methodological choices, such as the discounting of feminist analysis and the privileging of text over other sources of knowledge, have exacerbated the tendency to elide the role of women in Buddhism. This elision of women, or their marginalization, in Buddhist analyses where “man” or “male” is assumed to represent “human” has prompted a countersurge of analyses. These latter analyses have found ample evidence for the centrality of gender and women in shaping Buddhist society and soteriology. Although works are now available that cover the role of women and gender in most Buddhist eras or societies, these have only scratched the surface of an extraordinarily rich set of material and questions. It remains to be seen how well Buddhist scholarship can give gender and women their proper place in developing its central concerns.

Buddhist studies in the west, past and present: Role of the Mongolian Buddhism

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Sainbileg B
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Western World ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
History Of

In this article, I tried to illustrate a brief history of Buddhist Studies in the Western world and role of Mongolian Buddhism in its history and future prospects. Buddhist Studies is an independent academic discipline that pioneered by outstanding Western scholars and it covers roughly 200 years. In the modern world, Buddhist Studies has formed interdisciplinary academic research, and expands its research area with new requirements of society and newly discovered manuscripts. From the outset of the Buddhist Studies, western scholars involved with Mongolian Buddhism and manuscripts; however, unfortunately Buddhist Studies in the Mongolian context could not develop in parallel with its rapid development. In other words, Mongolian Buddhism comparatively has been slighted in the past history of Buddhist Studies. The researches by domestic scholars have been reviving after 1960. Only foreign scholars do conspicuous researches on the Mongolian Buddhism, but domestic scholars are not active on the academic research due to some reasons. First of all we should define what makes Buddhism “Mongolian”. We should describe identity of the Mongolian Buddhism, and then we able to analyze its past, present and future prospects. I assume the following five tendencies explore researches of the Mongolian Buddhism.Assimilation of Buddhism with Mongolian tradition and customs, syncretism of Buddhism and Mongolian traditional shamanism Distinctive character of Mongolian monasticism, secularity, role of Buddhism in the Mongolian society Study of ethnic Mongolian lamas as influential historical figuresResearch of Mongolian Canons and other sources in Mongolian language, and their translation Study on Tibetan and Mongolian works by Mongolian lamas in comparison with doctrinally affiliated works

Describing the Elephant: Buddhism in America

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter N. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
American Religion ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Cultural Diffusion ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Society ◽  
The One ◽  
Religious Landscape

The expanding volume of publications on Buddhism in America in the last two and a half decades bears witness to the emergence of an exciting new subfield within American religion, on the one hand, and within Buddhist studies, on the other. For Americanists, it reflects a growing recognition of the ways in which non-Western religions are altering the American religious landscape. As such, it is part of an emerging awareness of the increasingly pluralistic and multicultural nature of American society at the turn of the millennium. For Buddhologists, the spread of Buddhism in America opens a new chapter in the long history of the geographical and cultural diffusion of the religion since its founding in India some 2,500 years ago. This new subfield thus holds the prospect of studying what promises to be a momentous development in the history of Buddhism, and it affords an opportunity to study the acculturation of the tradition as it is actually occurring. Clearly this is a field where both Americanists and Buddhologists have much to contribute and much to learn from one another.

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